Ober-Bessingen

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Ober-Bessingen
City of Lich
Coordinates: 50 ° 32 ′ 19 ″  N , 8 ° 54 ′ 10 ″  E
Height : 186 m above sea level NHN
Area : 4.2 km²
Residents : 553  (Dec. 2018)
Population density : 132 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1970
Postal code : 35423
Area code : 06404
Ober-Bessingen in winter
Ober-Bessingen in winter
View of Ober-Bessingen

Ober-Bessingen is one of nine districts of the city of Lich in the central Hessian district of Gießen and is located around 7 km east of the core city on the Wetter .

history

Barrows on the Hässels suggest a settlement as early as the Bronze Age . The oldest written mention of Ober-Bessingen comes from the year 1260; In it, the feudal lords Reinhard and Adelheid von Hanau permit the sale of an estate to the Cistercian monastery of Haina . It later became the property of the Solms-Lich family , and the bailiwick became an occasional plaything in inheritance disputes. From the field name Schloßgärten the existence of a small castle or a palace can be assumed, it could have been the Munzenbergischer Hof mentioned in documents .

In the Thirty Years War Ober-Bessingen was pressed with contributions and taxes, cattle were confiscated. The year of the plague in 1635 brought further suffering. In 1675 there was a devastating fire that killed 63 houses, including the gatehouse. After the horrors of the Napoleonic Wars , from 1815 there was a releasing of the sovereign burdens. Besides agriculture, linen weaving gave many farms an additional income in the winter months; Until 1877 there was also a paper mill in the village, and for a long time there was also basalt quarries.

In 1907 the water pipeline went into operation, electrification took place in 1921, and Ober-Bessingen has been canalised since 1973. Due to a large influx of refugees, especially from the Sudetenland, the population of Ober-Bessingen increased considerably after 1945.

Territorial reform

In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipality of Ober-Bessingen was incorporated into the city of Lich on December 31, 1970 on a voluntary basis . For Ober-Bessingen, as for all parts of the city, a local district with a local advisory board and local councilor was set up.

School history

The village community center

On February 7, 1703 Moritz von Solms allowed the place to have its own school. The schoolhouse, which was used until 1971, dates from 1881; it has meanwhile been converted into a village community center and inaugurated in 1985, since the children were also enrolled in Lich schools from the time they were incorporated into Lich. In 2002 the village community center was extended by a stage.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Ober-Bessingen was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Courts since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or landlords and thus from 1806 the “Patrimonial Court of the Princes Solms-Hohensolms-Lich” in Lich was responsible for Ober-Bessingen. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The second instance for the patrimonial courts were the civil law firms. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the founding of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance 1821–1822 were transferred to the newly created regional and city courts as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. From 1822 the princes of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich let the Grand Duchy of Hesse exercise their court rights on their behalf. " Lich District Court " was therefore the name of the court of first instance that was responsible for Ober-Bessingen. The prince also waived his right to the second instance, which was exercised by the law firm in Hungen. It was only as a result of the March Revolution in 1848 that the special rights of the civil servants became final with the “Law on the Relationships of Classes and Noble Court Lords” of April 15, 1848 canceled.

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to "Lich Local Court" and allocation to the district of the regional court of Giessen . On June 1, 1934, the Lich District Court was dissolved and Ober-Bessingen was assigned to the Gießen District Court. In the Federal Republic of Germany, the superordinate instances are the Regional Court of Giessen , the Higher Regional Court of Frankfurt am Main and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

population

Population development

Ober-Bessingen: Population from 1830 to 2018
year     Residents
1830
  
 405
1834
  
 414
1840
  
 430
1846
  
 441
1852
  
 441
1858
  
 434
1864
  
 426
1871
  
 395
1875
  
 403
1885
  
 403
1895
  
 387
1905
  
 349
1910
  
 355
1925
  
 385
1939
  
 366
1946
  
 547
1950
  
 540
1956
  
 476
1961
  
 459
1967
  
 469
1970
  
 475
1988
  
 482
2010
  
 597
2011
  
 599
2015
  
 563
2018
  
 553
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 1970 :; 1988 :; after 2010: City of Lich

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1830: 405 Protestant residents
• 1961: 397 Protestant, 62 Roman Catholic residents

In 1961 the following labor force was counted: 132 in agriculture and forestry; 92 in manufacturing; 12 in commerce, transport and communications; 19 in the service sector or other trade.

Culture and sights

The gate"
Protestant church

Buildings

  • The Ober-Bessinger Pforte was built as a gatehouse and originally formed the end of the main street. According to the records of Mayor Rühl, there was already a gate in the same place in 1593, but it burned down during the fire disaster in 1675. Today's gatehouse, whose gateway leads through the two basement floors, dates from 1782. A two-story turret with a clock sits on the slate-covered hip roof. The third floor was inhabited until 1990. Over the centuries the gate functioned as a town hall, school and syringe house. The gate has been completely renovated since April 11, 2017, the costs are estimated at EUR 800,000. Once the renovations have been completed, the gate will be used both as a pilgrims' hostel for Lutherweg 1521 and for a Red Cross Museum. The association "Pforte 1782 Ober-Bessingen" was founded in 2016 for the care and maintenance of the building.
  • " Evangelical Church Ober-Bessingen ": Single-aisled Gothic church with three cross-vaulted yokes and choir as well as a side chapel with cross-ribbed vault added at the beginning of the 16th century.

Natural monuments

  • "Eichbaum": On Sedan Day 1913, an oak tree was planted to mark the centenary of the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , which is still standing today. Since the oak's 75th birthday in 1988, an oak tree festival has been celebrated every year on the last Saturday in August, the proceeds of which go to social institutions. Since 1999, the Eichbaumgruppe has also organized a senior afternoon for all residents of Ober-Bessingen over the age of 65. With the receipts of the Eichbaum Festival in Ober-Bessingen u. a. financed a Christmas lighting for the gate and a baptismal font for the Protestant church.

Awards

In May 2019 Ober-Bessingen reached the final of the Dolles Dorf competition from Hessischer Rundfunk and took fourth place.

societies

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Ober-Bessingen, District of Giessen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 15, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Lich profile. In: website. City of Lich, archived from the original ; accessed in January 2019 .
  3. ↑ Gerstenmeier, K.-H. (1977): Hessen. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation. Melsungen. P. 303. DNB 770396321
  4. ↑ City committees. In: website. City of Lich, accessed February 2019 .
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  7. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 22 ( online at google books ).
  8. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 424 ( online at Google Books ).
  9. ^ Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt 1830, p. 135 ( online at Google Books ).
  10. ↑ Theodor Hartleben (Ed.): General German Justice, Camera and Police Fama, Part 1 . tape 2 . Johann Andreas Kranzbühler, 1832, p. 271 ( online at Google Books ).
  11. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  12. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  13. ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of district courts of April 11, 1934 . In: The Hessian Minister of State (Hrsg.): Hessisches Regierungsblatt. 1934 No. 10 , p. 63 ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 13.6 MB ]).
  14. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 364 .
  15. ^ " Heimatbuch der Stadt Lich", Stadtverwaltung Lich
  16. ↑ Lich profile (2011-2015). In: website. City of Lich, archived from the original ; accessed in February 2019 .
  17. ↑ Lich profile (from 2015). In: website. City of Lich, archived from the original ; accessed in February 2019 .
  18. ^ Gießener Anzeiger Verlags GmbH & Co KG: "We don't need a lock here" . ( giessener-anzeiger.de [accessed October 4, 2017]).
  19. ↑ www.alsfelder-allgemeine.de - Your newspaper for Alsfeld and the surrounding area: Alsfelder Allgemeine Zeitung | Ober-Bessinger Pforte gets a new watch. Retrieved October 4, 2017 .
  20. ↑ Gießener Anzeiger Verlags GmbH & Co KG: Almost every tenth local is already a member . ( giessener-anzeiger.de [accessed October 4, 2017]).
  21. ↑ The four finalists in the fight for "Dolle Village 2019" have been determined. Hessischer Rundfunk, accessed in May 2019 .
  22. ↑ District Court Giessen VR 4836. Retrieved on 4 October 2017 .

literature

Web links