One Step Beyond ...
| One Step Beyond ... | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Studio album by Madness | |||||||||||||||
|
Publication |
19th October 1979 |
||||||||||||||
| Label (s) | Stiff , sire | ||||||||||||||
|
Format (s) |
LP, CD |
||||||||||||||
|
Title (number) |
15th |
||||||||||||||
|
running time |
39:02 |
||||||||||||||
| occupation |
|
||||||||||||||
|
Clive Langer , Alan Winstanley |
|||||||||||||||
|
Studio (s) |
Eden Studios, Chiswick and TW Studio, Twickenham , London |
||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||
One Step Beyond… is the debut album by the British ska - pop group Madness . It was released on October 19, 1979 via Stiff Records in Europe and Sire Records in the United States . It spawned three top ten singles in the UK with One Step Beyond , My Girl and Night Boat to Cairo and became the group's best-selling album.
History of origin
Madness was founded in 1976 in North London as The Invaders. The band renamed themselves Madness in 1978 and made a name for themselves as a 2-tone band through joint appearances with The Specials and The Selecter . By 1978, there was a line-up consisting of the singer Graham McPherson ("Suggs"), the guitarist Chris Foreman ("Chrissy Boy"), the bassist Mark Bedford ("Bedders"), the drummer Dan Woodgate ("Woody"), the Keyboardist Mike Barson ("Monsieur Barso") and saxophonist Lee Thompson ("Kix"). In the spring of 1979 they recorded a demo entitled Bed & Breakfast Man and a few other songs. During one of their performances in Camden , they met Clive Langer from the band Deaf School , who then visited them at a rehearsal. Langer helped the band find a recording studio and also raised the £ 200 for the studio rental. In the Pathway Studios they recorded the two songs My Girl and The Prince . The Prince was a tribute to the ska musician Prince Buster , who gave the band its name with his song Madness .
Langer took the recordings to befriended employees of record companies and tried to make Madness better known. Finally, the label 2 Tone Records showed interest in the band and released the single The Prince (B-side: The Madness ) in August . This reached number 16 in the British charts and thus became the first success for the young band from London. Musically, however, the band didn't want to fit the pure ska and 2-tone label, as their music also had a lot of pop influences. So 2 Tone Records released the band. Stiff Records were interested, but their A&R manager Dave Robinson didn't have time to see the band live as he was in the middle of his wedding preparations. He decided without further ado to book the band for his wedding party. They broke the ice with a conga dance , especially as they asked Elvis Costello , one of their idols, on stage: this way they could secure a contract with the independent label Stiff Records. Shortly thereafter, the band performed with The Prince on Top of the Pops .
Shortly after signing the contract, Stiff Records booked Eden Studios in Chiswick for the band, which had previously had little studio experience. Langer eventually became its producer. Even relatively inexperienced, he also hired Alan Winstanley, who had produced The Stranglers , among other things . The two later became a seasoned team producing Morrissey , Dexys Midnight Runners, and David Bowie , among others . The recordings began in August 1979. After a week at Eden Studios, the band and producers moved to TW Studios in Fulham for further mixing . The Specials had recorded there shortly before. A little competition developed between the two bands over who would get his album into stores first and which album would be better. Madness, although still relatively inexperienced in terms of recording techniques and behavior in the studio, were very busy in the studio. In fact, both The Special's self-titled debut album and One Step Beyond ... were released on October 19, 1979.
Artwork
The cover of the album shows the six members of Madness lined up in a hollow back and on their knees with their arms bent. This represented a step dance that the band made known as The Nutty Train . On the cover, Mike Barson leads the dance. The dance, which seemed indirectly influenced by Monty Python's wonderful world of gravity , was based on a photograph on the back cover of Kilburn and the High Roads ' album Handsome . The original picture shows roadie Paul Tonkin in a similar pose during a jive to Chuck Berry and was titled Paul Hangs Loose . From this, the band derived their dance, which was becoming a signature move and which they made popular in the aftermath. The black and white photo was taken by Cameron McVey . A color image from the same session was used for the single for the title track.
It wasn't the only special thing about the album's artwork. For the inlay, the band asked for passport-size pictures in an advertisement in the London Evening Standard . Thereupon people from the band's environment, but also completely strangers, made their instant photos available , which were taken in the photo booths that were very popular at the time. Over 150 of these images were ultimately used for a collage . The inlay became known as The Nutty Punters . Some of the people come from the band's immediate environment, including many friends and relatives. Cathal Smyth, who can only be heard as a guest on the album but soon joined the band, can also be seen several times. The photograph of a man reminiscent of Colonel Sanders , the inventor of Kentucky Fried Chicken , and a naked woman with a towel around his head also became famous. Both identities could not be clarified. A band photo of Kilburn and the High Roads can also be seen in the collage, with Humphrey Ocean wearing pants that are way too big. This became the inspiration for their later hit Baggy Trousers from the next album.
The LP contained two so-called “Porky Prime Cuts”, engraved messages in the run-out groove of the record named after their inventor George “Porky” Peckhams. On the first page was the writing "The Nutty Sound" and on the groove of the second page "Direct from Camden Town". In this case it came from sound engineer Steve. Peckham himself decorated the run-out groove of the 7 "from One Step Beyond with" Watch This - A Porky Prime Cut ".
Music genre
Main influence is the Jamaican dancehall musician Prince Buster, the band with the single The Prince sat a musical monument and the British pub rock scene, of the cover song Rockin 'in A ♭ (played in the Mike Barsons brother Dan Barson) of Bazooka Joe is dedicated. There are also classic elements, so there is a variation on the theme of Swan Lake on the album, with the music being based on the theme also used in Cats . Further influences come from the marching music and the entertainment brass music as it was played at fairs or at folk festivals. This mixture, which was unusual for that time, was mixed with the band's own typically British black humor and a pronounced cheerfulness. Also special was the Cockney accent of lead singer Graham McPherson, which was not common in pop at the time.
Track list
|
A side
|
B side
|
- One step beyond
After the single The Prince , which was released before the album, when it was still impossible to predict how Madness would go on, the title track was the first regular single from the album. It is a cover version of Prince Buster. Apart from the title, which is repeated over and over again, the pure instrumental piece begins with the intro “Hey you, don't watch that, watch this, This is the heavy heavy monster sound, The nuttiest sound around, So if you've come in off the street, And you're beginning to feel the heat, Well, listen buster, You better start to move your feet, To the rockinest, rock-steady beat, of Madness, One step beyond ". The intro was spoken by Chas Smash, not a member of the band at the time of recording. The opening line “ don't watch that, watch this ” actually comes from another Prince Buster piece called The Scorcher . In fact, the short instrumental piece was just a rough mix. The track, which is actually 1:10 minutes long, was artificially mixed to double its length with the help of an Eventide Harmonizer and landed as a tape on the desk of Dave Robinson from Stiff Records. Without waiting for the mix that was actually planned for later, he sent the tape to be pressed, so that the album and single only contained the raw mix.
- My girl
My Girl is the second single from the album and was released on December 21, 1979. Despite the unusual release date (the charts traditionally take a two-week break during the Christmas weeks in Great Britain), it became the band's second top ten hit. The song is based on a solo by Elvis Costello that Steve Naive played on a Vox Continental and that consisted of only two chords. It dates back to the Invaders era. It was played for the first time in July 1978 in the Blind Alley Shop, back then under the title New Song . Mike Barson, who wrote the song, was also originally responsible for the vocals. It was about his girlfriend at the time, Kerstin Rodgers. Unlike on the first demo, Suggs took over the vocals on the album. David Bowie picked up the song later and adapted the drums and the basic structure for his Space Oddity successor Ashes to Ashes .
- Night Boat to Cairo
.jpg)
Night Boat to Cairo is the third song on the album. The unusual structure, which consists of a long instrumental section, is special. This was because the song was initially planned as an instrumental piece, but then received a text from Graham McPherson in a session. The nonsense text tells of an odyssey over the Nile . Lee Thompson liked the piece as it gave him a chance to try out his baritone saxophone . The song was complemented by violin sounds, which Clive Langer arranged.
The track should be the third single release from the album. The first three tracks on the album would have been the three singles on the album. In the age of punk , however, this was a problematic move as it looked too much of a commercial interest to sell audiences A-pages that they already had. So a compromise was reached: instead of a single, the Extended Play Work Rest and Play was released, which, in addition to Night Boat to Cairo, contained three non-album tracks. A video was shot for Night Boat to Cairo that showed the band in typical colonial clothing. The video was shot in a television studio, which you could see very clearly from the fact that there was not enough sand for a desert. The text was faded in and a small ball indicated the relevant text passage so that it was possible to sing along in karaoke style . The “Nutty Train” also comes into play in the video.
- Believe me
While the album contained a number of ska tracks, Believe Me was a song that was more oriented towards American rock and roll . The inspiration came from the movie American Graffiti , which the band saw and after they composed the song in the Invaders days. John Hasler and Mike Barson wrote the song together. A major influence on the saxophone solo was Dwayne Payne, who was then active in both Ian Durys Kilburn & the High Roads and The Blockheads and who inspired Lee Thompson. The chord progression at the beginning was influenced by Billy Swan's song I Can Help .
- Land of Hope & Glory
The piece was written by Lee Thompson, who also did the vocals, and Chris Foreman. It's about Thompson's military service, which he viewed as a waste of time. The title is a reference to Land of Hope and Glory , one of Britain's songs that was often used in the military. Accordingly, the song begins with a typical military rhythm. Not a huge hit for Madness, but one of four tracks they recorded during their only session for John Peel on August 14, 1979.
- The Prince
The Prince was released as a second release on the 2-tone label in early 1979. It is an homage to Prince Buster . Three versions of the song were recorded. First the single version, then a version for the peel sessions followed and finally the album version. The album version has been musically adapted a little to do justice to the album. The sound is now clearer, and the piece has been rearranged a bit, especially in the last third, where a new piano part was written, a saxophone solo and a cowbell were added. In fact, since the 2-tone label did not release the original version anyway, they wanted to offer buyers something new and not sell the same track twice.
- Tarzan's nuts
The song is based on the theme music from the Tarzan TV series , although this is only really noticeable at the beginning. There you can hear some African rhythms that are supposed to be reminiscent of news drums, as well as some jungle noises. This is followed by a short vocal part in which Tarzan goes in search of Jane. While singing, all the members gathered around a microphone and started singing. The rest of the song is instrumental and was an attempt to bring reggae into the music of Madness. The rest is an offbeat rhythm that is carried by the electric bass and the keyboard and in which a mouth rhythm that is reminiscent of “Ooga Chaka” is sung, but which is more in the background. The guitar was also mixed far into the background. The song ends the A side of the LP.
- In the middle of night
The song opens the B-side of the LP version. Written by McPherson and Foreman, the play tells the story of a man who works as a newspaper seller during the day and roams the gardens at night to steal underpants. So he even makes it onto the front pages of the newspapers he normally sells. As with many of the rockier pieces on the album, one notices the influence of Ian Dury and his numerous band projects. The song has no chorus.
- Bed and Breakfast Man
The piece was written by Barson and is about John Hasler, the band's former drummer who left in 1978. He is ironically portrayed here as a loafer looking for a place to sleep and eat. At the time of recording the debut album, he was the manager of the band. Musically, the song was used by Tears of a Clown ( Smokey Robinson ) and the Motown classic Ain't Too Proud to Beg ( The Temptations ). Like many songs on the album, this one does not have a chorus, but only four verses, between which the instrumental parts were played. The song was also played in the John Peel session, but was sung by Chris Foreman. The song was originally planned as a single. So a music video was shot in Hammersmith's Clarendon Ballroom and a hook was added to the end. Ultimately, however, it was decided against a release as a single.
- Razor Blade Alley
The song is about a urinary tract infection as a result of a sexually transmitted disease. The title was inspired by a scene in the film Die Boys by Company C. , in which the protagonist says that the pain when urinating feels like he is “peeing razor blades”. Musically it is a mixture of jazz and pub rock and is one of the few songs on the album without any ska influence.
- Swan Lake
The instrumental piece is one of four cover versions on this album. Actually inspired by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake and rearranged by Barson, it is based on the version of the British reggae band The Cats , which they released in 1968. The instrumental was a live standard for the band, along with the much better known Hawaii Five-0 from The Ventures .
- Rockin 'in A ♭
With Rockin 'in A ♭ , originally by Bazooka Joe , the next cover version followed. Bazooka Joe was a local rock and roll band that featured Mike Barson's brother Dan. It later became known mainly because Adam Ant started his career there. The title has nothing to do with the pitch, the song itself is in C major , but is based on an old musician joke that cannot be translated: “What do you get, when you throw a piano down a pitshaft? - A flat miner. ”The joke is based on the consonance of“ Miner ”, a miner, and“ Minor ”, a minor note . The song was largely influenced by Johnny and the Hurricanes .
- Mummy's Boy
Mummy's Boy is about a forty year old man who still lives with his mother. The song, written by Mark Redford, unites the "nutty sound" of Madness, which borders on pop music with elements of slapstick. Bedford wrote the song like an intro to a sitcom . In fact, it also borrowed from the music on the Steptoe & Son series , written by Ron Grainer . The series about father and son who earn their living as scrap collectors also served as inspiration for the text.
- Madness
The song was not mentioned at all on the first pressings of the LP. The song is a cover version of Prince Buster and was also the namesake for the band. The instrumental track was thus a hidden bonus track that was between Mummy's Boy and the last song Chipmunks Are Go! found. The trick came from the fact that Madness already felt guilty about taking the A-side of their first single The Prince on the album and not wanting to use the B-side as well. But Madness was a very popular song and so the band made fun of "hiding" the track named after them on the album. The joke has been retained on both the various LP and MC versions, and the track is not mentioned on all CD versions either.
- Chipmunks Are Go!
Chipmunks Are Go! is the shortest song on the album at just 51 seconds. The marching song marks the end of the album and then also became the end of numerous live concerts.
New releases
30th Anniversary Edition
For the 30th anniversary of the album a new release was released, which contained a bonus CD with the peel sessions from that time as well as all B-sides of the singles as well as other bonus tracks. All videos were also on a CD-ROM.
- The Prince (Thompson) [Peel Session] - 2:31
- Bed and Breakfast Man (Barson) [Peel Session] - 3:24 am
- Land of Hope and Glory (Thompson, Foreman) [Peel Session] - 2:42
- Stepping into Line (Hasler, McPherson, Thompson) [Peel Session] - 2:38
- One Step Beyond… (Campbell) [7 "Single version] - 2:17
- My Girl (Barson) - 2:58 [Recorded at Pathway Studio with 2-tone single The Prince / Madness. Mike Barson: Vocal]
- Mistakes (Hasler, Barson) - 2:52 [B-Side "One Step Beyond ..."]
- Un Paso Adelante (Campbell) - 2:33 ["One Step Beyond ..." Spanish version]
- Nutty Theme (Thompson, McPherson) - 2:10 [B-Side "One Step Beyond ..." 12 "]
- My Girl (Ballad version) (Barson) - 2:28 [From Flexipop flexi disc ]
- Stepping into Line (Hasler, McPherson, Foreman) - 2:15 [B-Side "My Girl"]
- Un Passo Avanti (Campbell) - 2:22 ["One Step Beyond ..." Italian version]
- Deceives the Eye (Bedford, Foreman) - 2:00 [ Work Rest and Play EP ]
- The Young and the Old (McPherson, Barson) - 2:04 [ Work Rest and Play EP ]
- Don't Quote Me on That (Smyth, Barson, Foreman, McPherson, Bedford, Thompson, Woodgate) - 4:31 [ Work Rest and Play EP ]
- Razor Blade Alley (Thompson) - 2:35 [ Dance Craze live version]
- Night Boat To Cairo (McPherson, Barson) - 3:12 [ Dance Craze live version]
- One Step Beyond… (Campbell) - 2:53 [ Dance Craze live version]
35th Anniversary Edition
For the 35th anniversary, another edition was released, which contained a rehearsal tape from 1979 with alternative versions. A bonus DVD was also produced containing all of the official videos as well as several live appearances on Top of the Pops and The Old Gray Whistle Test . In addition, the documentation Young Guns ( BBC 2000) was added.
|
Rehearsal tape
|
DVD
|
reception
criticism
Michael Schuh from Laut.de judged in the course of the re-release of One Step Beyond ... in retrospect:
"The fact that" One Step Beyond "was able to shape the influence on the public image of madness to the extent described was of course primarily due to one thing: its quality. It is an immortal debut classic, comparable to the Clash debut or, of course, that of label mates The Specials, and practically overnight brought the band the status of a national cultural sanctuary. (...) With "Night Boat To Cairo", "Madness" and the title track, "One Step Beyond" undoubtedly contains the greatest ska hits of Madness' career, but there are already pieces from Motown and 50s Rock'n'Roll, with whom they debuted as a fun band in front of an audience in 1977. "
In the liner notes of the new release, Trainspotting author Irvine Welsh also praised the album as a timeless classic. The album was created in a transition period between punk and new wave . It started on the second wave of ska in Great Britain, which it served together with its brother bands The Specials and The Selecter . But it wasn't just the pure 2-tone audience. Rather, the band hit the nerve of the youthful audience with their often gaudy style, the funny videos and the many elements of the musical style. This is how Arne Willander sums up the German Rolling Stone :
“Madness took the grimness of Ian Dury and the multicultural seriousness of the specials and turned them into their touching kitchen-sink tragicomedies of Dickensian truthfulness. They sat in fish and chip stalls and performed in diners because they had nothing. They were the heirs of a sunken empire, just grown up in the crisis of the late seventies, three years after punk, infinitely far removed from rock, sad clowns from backgrounds barely above welfare. The youth of the country recognized themselves in Madness for a few years. "
In the first list of Rolling Stone's 500 best albums of all time , the album was voted # 412.
Charts
album
One Step Beyond… laid the foundation for Madness careers in the early 1980s. The album reached number 2 in the UK charts and stayed in the charts for more than a year in total. Barely a year after the album was released, it went platinum in the UK . To date, it's the band's best-selling album. Outside of its home country, it was able to reach the top 20 in Germany and Austria. The US release via Sire Records reached number 128 on the Billboard 200. In 2009 a new edition of the album was released, which also hit the UK charts.
| year | title |
Top ranking, total weeks, awardChart placementsChart placements (Year, title, rankings, weeks, awards, notes) |
Remarks | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 DE
|
 AT
|
 CH
|
 UK
|
 US
|
|||
| 1979 | One Step Beyond ... |
DE14 (37 weeks) DE |
AT11 (10 weeks) AT |
- |
UK2  (79 weeks)UK |
US128 (9 weeks) US |
First published: October 19, 1979
|
| 2009 | One Step Beyond ... (30th Anniversary Edition) | - | - | - |
UK67 (1 week) UK |
- |
First published: October 16, 2009
|
gray hatching : no chart data available for this year
Singles
Even before the album was released, 2-Tone Records released the single The Prince , which reached number 16 in the British charts. This was followed, also before the album was released, the release of the title track, which reached number 7 in the United Kingdom and was also able to place in the Austrian and Swiss charts. My Girl followed in 1980 and reached number 3 in the UK. Both singles were awarded a silver record, which corresponds to more than 200,000 units sold. The Extended Play Work Rest & Play EP , which also contained an album track with Night Boat to Cairo, was also successful . The EP reached number 6 in the singles chart. In addition, the singles Bed & Breakfast Man (B-side: Night Boat to Cairo ), Madness (B-side: Mistake ), Tarzan's Nuts (B-side: Night Boat to Cairo ) and Night Boat to Cairo (B-side: Deceives the Eye ), which, however, did not reach the charts. In 1992, My Girl was released a second time as a single. This version was also able to establish itself in the charts. In the course of the 1993 release of the live album Madstock! was Night Boat to Cairo also published in its original version as a single.
| year | Title album |
Top ranking, total weeks, awardChart placementsChart placements (Year, title, album , rankings, weeks, awards, notes) |
Remarks | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
DE
|
AT
|
CH
|
UK
|
US
|
|||
| 1979 | The Prince One Step Beyond ... |
- | - | - |
UK16 (11 weeks) UK |
- |
First published: Aug 10, 1979
B-side: Madness (2:25) |
| One Step Beyond ... One Step Beyond ... |
- |
AT19 (2 weeks) AT |
CH3 (12 weeks) CH |
UK7th  (14 weeks)UK |
- |
First published: October 26, 1979
Author: Cecil Campbell Original: Prince Buster & the All Stars, 1965 |
|
| 1980 | My Girl One Step Beyond ... |
- | - | - |
UK3 (14 weeks)UK |
- |
First published: December 21, 1979
Author: Mike Barson |
| Night Boat to Cairo ( Work Rest and Play ) |
- | - | - |
UK6 (8 weeks) UK |
- |
First published: March 1980
|
|
| 1992 | My girl | - | - | - |
UK27 (4 weeks) UK |
- |
First published: August 1992
|
| 1993 | Night Boat to Cairo Madstock |
- | - | - |
UK56 (2 weeks) UK |
- |
First published: February 1993
Authors: Author: Graham McPherson, Mike Barson A-Side: Original Version / B-Side: Paul Gotel Remix |
literature
- Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Stevie Chick: A brief history of One Step Beyond . In: Liner Notes by One Step Beyond (35th Anniversary Edition) . Salvo, May 2014.
- ^ A b c Dave Simpson: Suggs and Mike Barson of Madness: How We Made One Step Beyond. The Guardian , November 25, 2014, accessed September 20, 2017 .
- ↑ Bryan Thomas: “Don't watch that, watch this!”: Madness goes “One Step Beyond” the '80s British Ska Revival. Nightflight, May 10, 2017, accessed on September 28, 2017 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 5-9 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 9-14 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 167 .
- ↑ AllMusic Review by Jo-Ann Greene at Allmusic (English). Retrieved September 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b c Michael Schuh: laut.de review: The classic album from 1979 with tons of bonus material. Laut.de , accessed on September 25, 2017 .
- ↑ quoted from: The Heavy Heavy Hits . CD. Virgin 1998
- ↑ CLASSIC TRACKS: Madness 'Our House'. Producers: Clive Langer, Alan Winstanley. Sound on Sound, June 2006, accessed September 22, 2017 .
- ↑ a b The Ascent of Madness, 1978. Archived from the original ; accessed on September 22, 2017 .
- ↑ Kerstin Rogers: For those about to rock: we sauté you! June 18, 2011, accessed on September 22, 2017 .
- ^ The Ascent of Madness, 1979, part 2. Archived from the original ; accessed on September 22, 2017 (English).
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 25-33 .
- ↑ a b Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 35-43 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 44-53 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 55-61 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 63-72 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 73-81 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 83-91 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 92-101 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 102-111 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 113-121 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 123-131 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 133-142 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 143-147 .
- ↑ Terry Edwards: One Step Beyond ... (= 33 ⅓ ). Bloomsbury, New York / London 2009, ISBN 978-0-8264-2906-3 , pp. 161-163 .
- ↑ Arne Willander: 30th Anniversay Edition of the debut album . In: Rolling Stone . No. 11/2009 ( rollingstone.de ).
- ↑ Levy, Joe (Ed.): Rolling Stone. The 500 best albums of all time. (Original edition: Rolling Stone. The 500 Greatest Albums of all Time . Wenner Media 2005). Translation: Karin Hofmann. Wiesbaden: White Star Verlag, 2011
- ↑ a b c d UK gold / platinum database
- ↑ a b c d Chart sources: Singles Albums DE UK US
- ^ The Billboard Albums by Joel Whitburn , 6th Edition, Record Research 2006, ISBN 0-89820-166-7
- ↑ Madness at Discogs (English)