Organs of the St. Marien Church (Stralsund)

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Organs of the St. Marien Church (Stralsund)
Stralsund StMarien Orgel.jpg
General
place St. Mary's Church (Stralsund)
Organ builder Friedrich Stellwagen
Construction year 1659
Last renovation / restoration 2008 by Wegscheider and Schuke
epoch Baroque
Organ landscape Western Pomerania
Technical specifications
Number of pipes 3,500
Number of registers 51
Number of rows of pipes 98
Number of manuals 3
Tone tract Mechanically
Register action Mechanically
Number of 32 'registers 1
Others
Eminent organists

Hermann Ebel , Johann Vierdanck , Johann Wilhelm Hertel , Dietrich W. Prost

The two surviving organs of St. Mary's Church in Stralsund date from 1659 and 1906, respectively. They were created by Friedrich Stellwagen and Barnim Grüneberg . The main organ created by Friedrich Stellwagen from 1659 is one of Northern Germany's most important baroque organs.

Main organs

Organs until 1647

An organ in the Marienkirche is first mentioned in a document in the testament of Wendel Bucke in 1492, who bequeathed two large jugs for the organ in it. In 1493 Johann Sculte built an organ; a few years later he also built a second, smaller organ in St. Marien. The main organ he built had its place in the ambulatory .

An organ, probably built by Nikolaus Maaß in the 16th century , stood on a gallery on the western front of the nave . A Johann Müller donated 30 marks in his will for the construction of the new organ in 1571.

On August 10, 1647, after a lightning strike, the steeple of St. Mary's Church, which had made the church the world's tallest building for two decades (from 1625 to 1647), burned down . The organ was damaged when the roof structure collapsed .

Nikolaus Maaß's organ was probably destroyed; a church bill in the Marienkirche archive records the payment of 12 Reichstalers for the year 1649 to an organ builder who had carried out work on the “posetif” (positive) - probably on the smaller of the two organs built by Sculte.

This organ was probably demolished by Friedrich Stellwagen when it was rebuilt.

The "Stellwagen-Organ"

The organ was built by the organ builder Friedrich Stellwagen between 1653 and 1659, it is one of the few new Stellwagons.

Structure of the Stellwagen organ

The organ prospectus with its decorative motifs in Dutch cartilage style is one of the most representative organ prospectuses of the early Baroque . The focus of this major work is King David as the progenitor of sacred music. At the top are the pipes of the upper positive.

Numerous carved and painted figures, tongues of flame, grimaces and other elements decorate the 20 meter high facade. Music-making angels , sun, moon and stars and a winged globe as the coronation of the organ just below the vault of the cathedral are among the wealth of jewelry. An angel hangs below the case, blowing a fanfare . Two of all facing in the church room Engel include the Rückpositiv the family crest control carriage (a carriage frame) and the inscription "M. Friederich Stellwagen did this work. Anno 1659 ". On the highest crown of the prospectus is an angel on the globe, in his right arm an instrument and in his left arm a banner with the inscription “S. Dominus Deus Sabaoth “holding.

The organ stands at the western end of the nave on a gallery , which stretches eleven meters across the width of the entire central nave . The gallery was mounted like a swallow's nest between the inner tower pillars, with 12.50 meters above the floor a good three meters higher than the previous gallery for the main organ, which was demolished by the wagon. The gallery was originally accessible from the two side floors and from the northern tower staircase.

The gallery is supported by self-supporting oak beams. The gallery towards the inside of the church is clad with wood.

The baroque organ of St. Marien, made as a factory organ, has main work, upper positive, reverse positive and pedal work. The main case contains the main works and upper positive works, arranged one above the other and separated horizontally by a distance, as well as the play cabinet with three manuals and pedal and the stops. The pedal work is on the left and right, separated by a large distance, from the main work and the Rückpositiv. The Rückpositiv behind the gaming table protrudes into the church.

The visible pipes in the prospectus are sounding except for six pipe towers located in the main work and in the upper positive. The ends of the visible pipes are hidden behind ornate veil boards.

The tabs are arranged to the left and right of the gaming table. On the left are:

  • Trommet Mixture Rauschpfeife Superoctave Octava Bordun Werckventil
  • Bell Krumhorn Scharrfs Nasard Octava recorder valve
  • Cornetbass Trommetb Tromboneb Night hornb Superoctavb Flöttb Principallb Ventil
  • Regal Dulzian Scharff's Sesquialtra Feltpfeiffe Gedackt GrQuintadeen valve

The following registers are arranged on the right:

  • Tremulant Principall Flute Hollquinta Hollflött Scharff's flat flute
  • Zimbelstern Principall Holflött Kl.Quintadeen Gemshorn Trommett Schallmey
  • Trommell Grossprincipallbass Gedacktunterätzeb Octavenb Feltpfeiffenb Mixturb Dulzianb Schallmeyb
  • Vogelgeschrei Principall Dultzflött Quintadeen Octava Sifflitt Zimbell Funnel Regal

Built by Friedrich Stellwagen 1653–1659

Inscription of the builder

The first documentary mention of a new organ in St. Marien dates from 1653. A council minutes from June 27, 1653 approved the construction of the organ, but did not name the organ builder who had presented his plans. Another minutes of the council dated August 1, 1653 confirmed the approval. The Mariengemeinde was responsible for financing the construction.

First, the prospectus was built according to Stellwagen's information by a Stralsund carpenter and his assistants. Stellwagen did not return to Stralsund until mid-1655. The organ was removed in the autumn of 1659, whereupon the music galleries that still exist today were built - corresponding to the galleries in Lübeck's Marienkirche, whose large organ (radically rebuilt and expanded by Stellwagen 1637–1641) apparently served as a model for the Stralsund Marienorgel.

Little is known about the construction process. The completion of the work fell on Easter or Whitsun 1659. Friedrich Stellwagen himself died shortly before or after completion of the construction.

Repairs by Ernst Julius Marx 1775–1778

On August 12, 1763, Paul Schmidt from Rostock described defects in the Stellwagen organ to the provisional, which were caused by improper use. In 1770, after an explosion in the powder tower near the church at Tribseer Tor , the organ was severely damaged. Five years after the damage, St. Mary's provisional officers asked the city council for approval of the repair.

“Our organ, which after its first installation is one of the best organs in Germany, has been so badly spoiled by age and violent damage that it sustained when the powder tower was blown that it can currently be called almost unusable. (...) There are whole registers that do not produce a sound, and there is not a single register that is not damaged. "

- Protocol of the provisional of St. Mary, January 1775

While the council preferred Paul Schmidt to carry out the repairs, the provisional refused this as "old Franconian" and insisted on commissioning Ernst Julius Marx . The organist of the church, Georg Ludwig Zeidler , recommended Marx. Zeidler saw Marx as a representative of the “Silbermann school”, he saw advantages in the construction of the bellows, the wind pipes and in the higher wind pressure; Other advantages of the “Silbermann school” mentioned by Zeidler in a statement suggest that he was ignorant of the works and that the statement was mainly drawn up in order to convince the temporary workers of Marx. Zeidler made a list of the repairs that he believed were necessary. The city council had such a list made by Paul Schmidt.

In the end, Ernst Julius Marx was commissioned with the repair. A cost estimate dated July 5, 1775 for 900 Reichstaler in gold included numerous changes, most of which corresponded to Zeidler's wishes. In addition, Marx made some verbal promises regarding the wind speed. In a letter dated July 28, 1775, the provisional authorities informed the city that the organ "should be as new" and that it would be handed over to the censors as a new one. Marx was also obliged to perform additional tasks without additional payment. From 1775 to 1778 the organ was therefore repaired by Ernst Julius Marx; he also made some modifications. For the installation of a Quinta 6 ′ in the pedal, for example, other registers had to give way. From the minutes of the city council of Stralsund it can be seen that the repair work was not carried out conscientiously.

The organist of the St. Nikolai Church , Johann Christoph Escherich, noted when using the organ before the acceptance that the tuning was higher than before. On May 4th and 5th, 1778, under the direction of Altermann Wadman, the organ was accepted by the organist Johann Diedrich Tiedemann from Rostock appointed by the provisional and the organist Paul Schmidt and music director Escherich appointed by the city council.

Tiedemann's report follows Marx's cost estimate, Tiedemann does not mention the verbal promises made by Marx; the degrees of the windchests are missing, some new registers or the removal of old registers are not listed at all. Escherich, on the other hand, stated in his report of May 11, 1778 that the wind pressure did not correspond to the strength given by Marx, that all wind chests except for the bass chest would pierce; the new “Vox humana” is a “useful register”, but it doesn't sound like a human voice. Escherich also mentioned that Tiedemann had issued numerous warnings during his acceptance. He also mentions again, "(...) that the organ is now one and a half-quarters of a pitch higher than before, and that (...) real and harmonious church music can never be performed (...)" . Paul Schmidt expresses himself in his report as follows:

"But I can say with all the truth that after the repair of the organ, I did not see anything in particular, it did not improve in terms of tone or sound (...)."

- Paul Schmidt, report on the acceptance of the organ, May 21, 1778

Schmidt, like Escherich, rejected the newly manufactured bellows that were loaded with weights. Paul Schmidt mentions the fact that the new bellows are made of fir wood instead of oak wood, as the old ones, as a question of cost, "because oak is more valuable and expensive". Schmidt also stated that, in his opinion, Ernst Julius Marx actually put more wind on the organ, but also ensured a higher tone - this can, however, according to Dietrich W. Prost in his remarks on the organ in 1966, be doubted. since this statement is in contrast to Paul Schmidt's that the organ sounds like it did before. It is probable that Marx by no means provided more wind pressure. In general, the acceptance itself is questioned by the Wadmann appointed by the council: According to Wadmann's report of the acceptance, provisional Stegemann had tried to have the acceptance carried out solely by Tiedemann. According to Wadmann's account of the decrease, Marx admitted during this that bellows without weight were far better; Tiedemann also found a number of defects. For example, “some 50th pieces” do not speak to pipes or emit the wrong tone, and the vox humana is not similar to a human voice. Tiedemann then completed the acceptance on the first day, on the next day he declared the announced examination of the harmony of the organ and the pedal to be unnecessary and found the Vox humana to be “quite beautiful”; Tiedemann also found that the organ had “the real chorus”, although even Marx had admitted the day before, “that it was that the organ had the height above the chorus that H Escherich stated, but that he did not know it, and it would also not be able to change (...) ”.

Ultimately, however, the organ was removed without any further changes.

There are no written records of the disposition after Marx's treatment.

Repairs by Christian Kindt in 1794

Since the organ was built in 1659, the concept of organ playing had changed significantly.

The organ builder Christian Kindt , who worked in Stralsund, was commissioned by the city council from 1790 to look after the Stralsund organs. The provisional agents of St. Marien committed themselves on May 6, 1791, like those of St. Nikolai, St. Jakobi and St. Johannis, to grant the organ builder Kindt a flat fee. Until his death in 1803, Christian Kindt also looked after the organ in the Marienkirche in Stralsund , which was built by Friedrich Stellwagen and only insignificantly changed by Ernst Julius Marx .

In 1794 the organ had to be repaired again on a large scale. Christian Kindt from Stralsund, who was entrusted with the care, reduced the number of choirs in the mixtures. The discrepancies between the disposition of the parking car and the disposition of the organ created by Johann Friedrich Dammas at the beginning of the 19th century suggest a fundamental change, although there were only changes to the register names in addition to changes in the register inventory.

Reconstruction by Carl August Buchholz in 1828

At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, Stralsund came under the rule of various nations. In December 1807, the French attacked the city, whereupon the Marienkirche served as accommodation for the city dwellers who had become homeless after the burning down of the suburbs. This first external use lasted until April 1808. On April 24, 1808, the organ builder Rützner was paid three Reichstaler by the Mariengemeinde for repairs to the organ. From May 1808 the Landwehr moved into the church building, and from 1808 to 1810 the Marienkirche served the French as a food store . On August 24, 1817, the first service took place after the church interior had been cleared and the church furnishings had been restored. In the same year the provisional agents of the Marienkirche asked the city council to be allowed to carry out a collection for the renovation of the organ.

The instrument makers Witt and Weith gave reports on the organ. Witt indicates faults in bellows, ducts, windchest and in the mechanics; In addition, "77 pipes, 17 mouthpieces and 20 attachments were missing, under the pipes about 800 are bent, some in a mess". Weith reported on December 12, 1817 of much larger gaps, especially in the main work. Both made suggestions for rescheduling, Witt stated costs around 1200 Reichstaler, Weith cost around 1600 Reichstaler.

After the organ remained in the condition described for seven years, in 1824 the organist of the organ made by Christian Kindt in Gingst, Johann Friedrich Dammas , was asked for a report on the condition of the organ. On June 23, 1824, Dammas submitted his "(...) report on the current, highly damaged condition of the organ in the Marien-Kirche in Stralsund", which was divided into ten sections. According to Section III of the report, “in the main work of several voices almost all pipes were missing”, “also in the pedal (...) a lot of pipes were stolen”, the “Rückpositiv (...) sighs for help”. Dammas proposed the creation of a further coupling (RW / HW) next to the existing coupling (OW / HW). He recommended the organ builders Carl August Buchholz and Hamann to carry out the repairs .

On the basis of this report and the recommendations, the council turned to Carl August Buchholz. In autumn 1826 he visited the organ of St. Marien and on September 29, 1826 made a cost estimate in which he gave the number of 2,613 pipes. On October 9, 1826, negotiations between the city council, represented by Syndicus Brandenburg and councilor Charisius, the provisional agents of St. Marien and Buchholz, took place in Stralsund's town hall . Buchholz demanded 2,709 thalers Kurant for his work and ultimately agreed to the payment of 2,650 thalers. The city council approved this on October 11, 1826.

Work on the organ began in spring 1828. The organ builders who carried out the order wrote in pencil in the wind chest of the main work:

“This organ was repaired in 1828 / by the Hernn Buchholz from Berlien the assistants / goods Gotlob Pohl from Schlesiegen / Christian Speckman from Herford in Westphalia / Robert Müller from Breslau, the rest / were carpenters from Stralsund / the assistants are wages Week 2 Tahler / with a fee, / this writes Christian / Speckmann organ builder / CHSpeckmann. / the gentlemen know the same / read what we are here at this time / the Wallenstein festival which / have been 200 years old / there is a big celebration in Stralsund "

Ultimately, Buchholz deviated from the change requests made in the cost estimate in some points. He had over half of the pipes made new. On December 11th, 1828 the organ was accepted by music director Suck, cantor Dammas and instrument maker Weith. The acceptance report states:

"Compared with the contract of H. Buchholtz we checked all visible parts of the organ and found that everything was faithfully and well delivered according to this."

After this report, Buchholz carried out further work in addition to his contractually agreed changes. Buchholz had to replace a lot of what had been destroyed, but adapted everything to what was already there. Thus, despite numerous necessary changes such as the almost completely new main work, the tonal character was retained. Carl August Buchholz felt obliged to the sound of the baroque organs. Therefore, in the end, the work on the pedal, the Rückpositiv and the upper work did not lead to a new sound image.

During his work on the organ of St. Nikolai Church from 1839 to 1841, Carl August Buchholz probably continued to look after the organ in St. Mary's Church, and the instrument makers Witt and Weith also worked on the instrument. The organ was also looked after by the organ builders Haase, Johann Friedrich Nerlich , Matthias Fernau and Friedrich Albert Mehmel .

Reconstruction and maintenance by Friedrich Albert Mehmel 1863–1888

Between 1863 and 1873 care was taken by Friedrich Albert Mehmel from Stralsund. Mehmel became a citizen of Stralsund in 1859 and took over the company from Matthias Fernau . From 1863 to 1873 he worked on the main organ of St. Marien, but because of his numerous obligations in other places he was not continuously active here. On March 21, 1863, Mehmel submitted a cost estimate, which was gradually expanded. Mehmel made the following tonal changes to the Cornett 4-fold in the main work, Bordun 16 ′, Äoline 8 ′, Flauto traverso 8 ′ and Clarinetto 8 ′ in the upper work. Piffaro 8 'in the back positive and violon 32' and trombone 32 'in the pedal work. He also repaired many pipes, mainly the reeds . He built a new action for Hauptwerk and Rückpositiv, a new keyboard and a tremulant in the Oberwerk. He also made a new pedal keyboard, additional pedal tray for the 32 'registers, register buttons including porcelain plates and signs for the register rows. He changed some registers, improved the sill in the upper part and replaced the leather pulpettes in the upper part with brass plates.

Dietrich W. Prost judges Mehmel's sonic work on the instrument restrictively, as Mehmel “was not able to follow the tradition of the north German baroque organ”.

At the request of the organist Leesch, a contract was signed with Friedrich Albert Mehmel in 1874 for the maintenance of the Stellwagen organ.

The organ from 1888 to 1943

After the death of Friedrich Albert Mehmel in 1888, his son Paul Mehmel took over the maintenance of the instruments. When he died soon afterwards, the care was passed on to August Stutz. In contrast to many other organs, the pipes of the Stellwagen organ could be saved from being melted down during the First World War .

At the request of all Stralsund organists, August Stutz took over the care in 1922; The organ building company Jaiser & Stephan was then commissioned. A contract with Felix Grüneberg , which was considered at times, did not materialize.

In 1928 the organ was made playable again. On the occasion of the celebrations for the 300th anniversary of the successful defense against Wallenstein's troops, the Stellwagen organ sounded again. Following the ideas of the organ movement that emerged at the end of the 1920s , it was adapted to the sound ideals of the baroque era. However, there was not enough money for the necessary extensive renovation.

Dismantling in World War II

On June 16, 1943, the organ was played for the last time in World War II , after which the instrument was brought to the manor castle in Keffenbrink near Grimmen . Only the beam structure and some of the larger pipes remained in the Marienkirche. However, some parts of the organ in Keffenbrink were lost, others were damaged. In the winter of 1946 the wooden components of the substructure were burned.

Reconstruction and restoration 1952–1959

An expert opinion by the organ builder Karl Schuke after the end of the war encouraged the rebuilding of the organ parts now stored in the church, which began in 1946. The restoration took place in the years 1952 to 1959; on its 300th anniversary in 1959, the organ, played by Dietrich W. Prost , sounded again. Further restorations followed, with the Carl Giesecke ( Göttingen ) and Alexander Schuke Potsdam Orgelbau GmbH ( Potsdam ) companies heavily involved . Reconstruction, however, was delayed in view of the economic and political situation in the GDR .

In 1993 there was a general cleaning of the organ, the repair of defective parts and the reconstruction of the bellows.

Restoration by Wegscheider 1999–2008

From October 1999 to May 2000, the Göteborg Organ Art Center (GOArt), the organ building companies Wegscheider (Dresden) and Schuke (Potsdam) as well as a restoration team financed by the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation carried out an inventory and documentation of the organ . The organ commission appointed by the parish engaged the voicers Gunter Böhme and Hans van Rossum for all sound work on the instrument. Van Rossum was also to take over the production of the reed pipes, the keyboards and the register buttons, Wegscheider all other work. The Schuke company had canceled its further work on a restoration.

On February 7, 2004 (on this day in 1603 Friedrich Stellwagen was baptized) the restoration contract was signed. The organ was played in a farewell concert on October 3, 2004. Immediately afterwards, on October 4, 2004, the extensive restoration began with the removal of the pipes. On October 8, 2004, the organ committee was shown three different tunings, but no decision was made yet.

In July 2004 Kristian Wegscheider visited bellows systems in Zutphen and Redefin from the 17th century in order to gain information about the construction and proportions; There was little information available about the original layout of the Stralsund organ. The only size indicated is from Paul Schmidt in 1775. He noted a length of seven feet, six inches, with a foot measurement of 285.1 mm. Since Stellwagen had apparently used a ratio of 7: 4, the new bellows were manufactured with external dimensions of 2.1 m × 1.22 m. When the sewer system was dismantled in October 2004, it was found that only four small sewers were left of the original. These were made from pine wood. All twelve bellows of the organ had worked with common wind pressure; During the restoration, however, three horizontal collecting channels were created for each bellows level in order to separate the sub-works. From the additionally built, 325 kg heavy 13th wedge bellows with motor operation, wind enters the upper collecting duct. The bellows were installed in May 2005. The last bellows was brought to Stralsund on June 8, 2005, and carried by soldiers to the church; Stellwagen had brought its bellows to the church in this way. The new bellows system was tested on September 22nd, 2005 with the still existing pipes in the Rückpositiv and pedal and approved by the Organ Commission in October 2005.

The organ case was to keep the color scheme chosen in the 1950s. A return to the original oak frame seemed out of the question, as the Schuke company had made the reconstructed parts from pine and a new version would be very costly. Nevertheless, in November 2004 Wegscheider made a cost estimate for a substructure with new oak wood, and the profile wreaths of the pedal towers should also be made of oak. On June 8, 2005 the Hermann Reemtsma Foundation approved a reconstruction of the substructure in oak.

After testing the bellows system, all other pipes were also removed from the instrument. They were washed, measured, examined and sorted upright. The action and the console have also been expanded. The traces of soot from the fire in the church on the night of June 13-14, 2005, were removed from the organ. All housing parts installed in the 1950s have been removed. From the beginning of November 2005, the reconstructed housing parts manufactured in Dresden were brought to Stralsund and assembled there. The frame made of oak smoked with salmiak was applied to the original, painted parts. From April to June 2006 the parapet parts and the wreaths of the pedal pipe towers were installed.

Equipped organ, September 2007

For the construction of the actions and the design of the gaming table, models in Swedish, Latvian, Polish and German churches were compared. From September 2006, van Rossum began with the selection of wood (snakewood for the lower key top, boxwood and walnut wood) and the cutting for the keyboards.

In July 2006 the first plates for the new pipes (a lead alloy, approx. 8% tin, approx. 1% trace elements) were cast on stone. On July 23, 2008 the first original pipes arrived in Dresden, at the end of July the reconstruction began with the pipes of the Quintadena 16 ′. The wind chests that were dismantled on November 8, 2006 were also reconstructed in Dresden. From April 2007, the shops were reinstalled.

On August 10, 2007, the intonation began on the reconstructed Principal 8 ′ in the Rückpositiv. The organ was decided 1 / 5 -Komma to vote with slightly floating thirds. The pipes were checked and, if necessary, repaired. In mid-September 2007 all prospect pipes were aligned. The scaffolding was dismantled on September 18, 2007. A partial inauguration with the prospect principal and the first pipes in the Rückpositiv took place on 29./30. September 2007. As a result, the tuning was changed again and the 1 / 4-point mean-tone tuning was selected (pure major thirds, but fewer, namely eight usable keys).

In November 2007 the made Principal 16 ′ were installed. Until the beginning of the intonation in April 2008, further, small pipes followed. In the period that followed, further work was completed between the intonation phases. On May 23, 2008 the last labial pipes were made.

As a token of thanks for the financial support from the Hermann Reemtsma Foundation, which paid 2.25 million euros, the Reemtsma coat of arms was placed in the substructure as the tenth coat of arms.

The restoration was completed in autumn 2008 and the organ was inaugurated again in October 2008.

About 550 pipes have survived from Stellwagen, although some of them have undergone considerable changes due to the work of various organ builders (Marx, Buchholz, Mehmel, Schuke). Nothing has survived from later periods (before the restoration / reconstruction work in the mid-20th century). Although a little more than a sixth of the original inventory has survived, this old inventory essentially comprises the prospectus pipes. There are also individual muted and overblown parts in the Rückpositiv, conical pipes in the pedal and principal pipes in the inner register in all works and parts of the trumpet of the main work. In this area there are good prerequisites for the reconstruction of lost voices. Without authentic models, however, there are aliquots, half-covers, tongues and all mixtures, for whose replica similar registers from other works by Stellwag (Lübeck) or from contemporary colleagues have to be used.

Disposition since 2008

I vote in return. CD – c 3
01. Large quintades. 16 ′
02. Principal. 08th'
03. Gedact. 08th'
04th Quintads. 08th'
05. Octava. 04 ′
06th Dultz Flött. 04 ′
07th Felt whistle. 02 ′
08th. Sifflitt. 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
09. Sesquialtra. II
10. Scharffs. VI – VIII
11. Zimbell. III
12. Dulcian. 16 ′
13. Daughters shelf. 08th'
14th Maiden shelf 04 ′
II voices in work. CD – c 3
15th Principal. 16 ′
16. Drone. 16 ′
17th Octava. 08th'
18th Spitz flute. 08th'
19th Hollquinta. 5 1 ⁄ 3  ′
20th Super octav. 04 ′
21st Holl Flute 04 ′
22nd Flat flute 02 ′
23. Rauschpfeiffe II – IV
24. Mixture VI-X
25th Scharffs IV – VI
26th G.Trommet. 16 ′
III voices in upper posidiff. CD – c 3
27. Principal. 08th'
28. Holflött. 08th'
29 Octava. 04 ′
30th G. Plockflute. 04 ′
31. Small quintades. 04 ′
32. Nasatt. 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
33. Gemshoren. 02 ′
34. Scharffs IV – VII
35. Drum up. 08th'
36. Krumhoren 08th'
37. Schalmey 04 ′
Pedal voices in bas. CD – f 1
38. Gros.principall.Bas 24 ′
39. Principal Bas. 16 ′
40. Gedact. And substitute. 16 ′
41. Octave Bas. 08th'
42. Flute Bas. 08th'
43. Super Octave Bas. 04 ′
44. Nachthoren Bas. 04 ′
45. Feltpfeiffen Bas. 02 ′
46. Mixture Bas. IV
47. Trumpets Bas. 16 ′
48. Drum up bas. 08th'
49. Dulcian Bas. 08th'
50. Schallmey Bas. 04 ′
51. Cornet Bas. 02 ′

The arrangement of the upper two rows of registers does not correspond to the arrangement of the manuals, which can be confusing for newcomers to the organ: Upper row of registers: werck - Hauptwerk (middle manual) Second row of registers: Oberposidiff (upper manual) Third row of registers: bas - Pedal Fourth row of registers: Rückpositiff (lower manual) - this in turn is normal, as the abstracts of the Rückpositiv run under the floor.

Remarks
  1. ↑ a b c d in the prospectus.
  2. ↑ Originally 8 ′.

Technical specifications

  • 51 stops, rows of pipes, 3500 pipes (approx. 550 from Stellwagen).
  • Body length of the largest pipe: F of the Gros.principall.Bas 24 ′: about 9 meters long, weight 240 kg. It's in the prospectus. Tones C - E unoccupied.
  • Body length of the smallest pipe:
  • Brochure:
    • Material:
    • Height: approx. 20 m.
  • Wind supply :
    • Bellows: Originally 12 wedge bellows, currently double fold magazine bellows and bumper bellows.
  • Wind chests : eight (two for the main work, one for the upper positive, one for the back positive, four for the pedal).
  • Game table (s) :
    • Play closet.
    • 3 manuals.
    • Pedal.
    • Register pulls.
  • Action :
    • Tone action: mechanical
    • Stop action: mechanical
  • Mood :
    • Chorton, a 1 = 465 Hz
    • Type: Originally probably mid-range, from 1828 evenly floating, from 2008 back to mid-range.
Organs of the St. Marien Church (Stralsund)
Stralsund Marienkirche Grüneberg-Orgel.jpg
General
alternative name Organ in the north aisle
place St. Mary's Church
Organ builder Organ building institute B. Grüneberg
Construction year 1906 (Opus 531)
Last renovation / restoration 1999 Scheffler restoration and implementation
epoch romance
Organ landscape Western Pomerania
Technical specifications
Number of registers 5
Number of manuals 2

Organ on the north wall

In the north aisle there is an organ built by the organ building institute B. Grüneberg in 1906. It has five stops on two manuals and a pedal and mechanical cone chests.

The organ was originally in the teachers' college in Anklam and later came to Altentreptow . In 1999 it was restored by Christian Scheffler and installed in the Marienkirche Stralsund. It is almost completely preserved in its original condition.

Positive on the north gallery

On the north gallery there is a positive that Johann Gottfried Schmidt from Rostock built in 2007. He used pipe material that the organ building company Schuke had produced from 1951 to 1959 as a replacement for the Stellwagenorgan of the Marienkirche and that had become available again after the current restoration. It has four registers and is also used as a continuo organ.

Cabinet organ in the brotherhood chapel

There is a cabinet organ in the brotherhood chapel . It was built in the Netherlands around 1760 as a bureau organ and had four stops without a pedal. In 1810 an upper case was added with two further treble registers.

In 2000, Hans van Rossum from Andel partially restored the instrument. It also has six registers, four divided into treble and bass, two as treble registers.

Organists

literature

  • Dietrich W. Prost : The Stellwagen organ in the Marienkirche in Stralsund. Description and history (part I) . In: Greifswald-Stralsund yearbook . tape 6 . VEB Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 1965.
  • Dietrich W. Prost : The Stellwagen organ in the Marienkirche in Stralsund. Description and history (part II) . In: Greifswald-Stralsund yearbook . tape 7 . VEB Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 1966.
  • Dietrich W. Prost : Stralsund's organs . Organ building specialist publisher Rensch, Lauffen 1996, ISBN 3-921848-07-5 .
  • Evangelical parish of St. Marien Stralsund (Hrsg.): The Stellwagen organ in Sankt Marien zu Stralsund. An inventory, chronicle and documentation . Organum book publishing house, 2006.
  • Evangelical parish of St. Marien Stralsund (ed.): The Stellwagen organ in the Marienkirche in Stralsund. Festschrift for the rededication of the restored organ . Stralsund 2008.
  • Ibo Ortgies: The Stellwagen organ (1653–1659) in Stralsund, St. Marien . In: Franz Josef Stoiber (ed.): Beautiful organs. Building history - sound - prospect design (=  283rd publication by the Society of Organ Friends ). Figaro, Laaber 2019, ISBN 978-3-946798-17-0 , pp. 282-287 .

Recordings / sound carriers

  • The Stellwagenorgan of the Marienkirche in Stralsund - Werner Jacob, Eterna - LP 8 26 925 (1977)
  • St. Marien zu Stralsund - The Stellwagen organ from 1659. 1995, STW 95906 / Evangelische Kirchgemeinde St.Marien Stralsund, CD (Martin Rost plays works by Bruhns, Buxtehude, Hanff, Scheidemann, Siefert, Böhm, Volckmar).
  • Dietrich Buxtehude (1637–1707) - organ works. 2000, AVA / Evangelical Church Community St. Marien Stralsund, CD.
  • Historic organs in Western Pomerania. 2001, Förderverein St.Marien Stralsund eV (Martin Rost, Peter van Dijk, Wim Diepenhorst, Wouter van Belle and Cor van Wageningen play works by Buxtehude, Bach, Mozart, Schumann, Rheinberger and others).
  • St. Marien zu Stralsund - Organ concert for Christmas night. 2001, AVA / Evangelische Kirchgemeinde St. Marien Stralsund, CD (Martin Rost plays works by Scheidemann, Buxtehude, Estendorffer, Bruhns, Bach and others).

Web links

Commons : Stellwagen-Orgel Stralsund  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Otto Jahn: The Marienkirche. In: Stralsunder Heimatbücher , Heft 2, Stralsund 1930. The sources on which this article is based were destroyed in the Second World War.
  2. ^ Stralsund city archives, test. 1128
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Stralsund town archive, directory of the files of the Rats-Kirchen-Archiv zu Stralsund
  4. ↑ Church archive of St. Marien Church, building register 1797–1825
  5. ^ Ernst Uhsemann : Forays through the old Stralsund , Stralsund 1925, page 148
  6. ^ Otto Francke : From Stralsund's French time , Stralsund, 1870
  7. ↑ Felix Grüneberg had probably already taken over the management of the company, the founder Barnim Grüneberg was 78 years old and died the following year.
  8. ↑ Other organs in Stralsund Baltic Organ Center Stralsund
  9. ↑ Other organs in Stralsund Baltic Organ Center

Coordinates: 54 ° 18 ′ 35.5 ″  N , 13 ° 5 ′ 15.6 ″  E