Hurricane Xynthia
| Xynthia | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| storm | Hurricane with storm surge |
| Data | |
| Beginning | February 26, 2010 |
| The End | March 1, 2010 |
| Wind speed | 239 km / h ( Pic du Midi de Bigorre , 27-28. ) |
| Lowest air pressure | 967 hPa |
| consequences | |
| affected areas | Western and Northern Central Europe |
| Victim | 65 (as of March 7, 2010) |
| Damage amount | Billions in insurance damage (initial estimates) |
Map with all linked sites: The hurricane Xynthia was a very powerful extra-tropical low pressure area that moved across the Canary Islands , the Iberian Peninsula , France and parts of Central Europe from February 26 to March 1, 2010 .
Over 60 people died in the hurricane , most of them in the western departments of France.
Meteorological demolition
The Xynthia deep formed abnormally far to the south, west of Portugal at 30 degrees north, and moved on a rare orbit across the Bay of Biscay and the English Channel to southern Sweden .
During the course of February 26, the cyclogenesis of the gravure core began , which had shifted to the Portuguese coast on the morning of February 27. There the air pressure in its center was already less than 980 hPa . As the low moved northeast, it continued to intensify. The core pressure over the Bay of Biscay was below 970 hPa. Spain and Portugal came under the influence of winds at hurricane strength. On February 26th 2010 over 200 km / h wind speed were measured over La Palma .
During the course of February 27th and especially February 28th the storm quickly gained strength. The increase in wind speed in Germany from wind to hurricane strength within less than six hours is unusual. The highest wind speeds of the hurricane were measured in the Pyrenees , 238 km / h on the Pic du Midi de Bigorre and 228 km / h on the 27th at 9:00 p.m. in Orduña in the Basque Country .
In the night of February 28th, Xynthia reached the French Atlantic coast , with a focus on the north biscaya . It then moved across central France towards the Benelux countries , with measured gusts of up to 160 km / h in Saint Clément des Baleines ( île de Ré ), 209 km / h in the Puy-de-Dôme department , 155 km / h at the top of the Eiffel Tower , 172 km / h on the Markstein in the Vosges, on the Weinbiet in the Palatinate Forest 166 km / h (28th 17:00), in the Saarland and in the Rhine-Main area , the storm peaks reached widespread 130 km / h, 180 km / h measured the weather station on the Brocken .
Isobars close to the ground and wind strength, 27. 12:00 UTC (+ 30h, GFS )
Warning levels Iberian Peninsula 27. ( Meteoalarm )
Warning levels France 27. 16: 00/19: 30 CET ( Météo-France )
Annuality
According to the French civil defense, hurricane Xynthia was the most severe storm for France since hurricane Lothar in December 1999, the worst storm in Europe of the 20th century. For Germany, its consequences remained under Kyrill 2007 and was also limited to a smaller area overall.
Effects
The areas most affected by Xynthia were northern Portugal , Galicia and the Basque Country , the French Atlantic coast and central France, and large parts of Germany.
The storm caused most of the personal injuries in western France, with a focus on the Vendée department on the Atlantic coast. Here 29 people drowned in the municipalities of La Faute-sur-Mer , L'Aiguillon-sur-Mer and La Tranche-sur-Mer . Most of the other dead were victims of traffic accidents caused by storms (e.g. from falling trees ). A total of 53 fatalities were reported from France, 7 from Germany , 3 from Spain , 1 from Portugal , 1 from Belgium .
The damage was put at 4.5 billion euros; around 2.3 billion euros of this was insured.
On February 28, 2010, around one million households in France were without electricity. On the French Atlantic coast, the waves reached heights of up to eight meters. Numerous dikes broke, flooding several localities in the departments of Vendée and Charente-Maritime . Around noon, Xynthia met Germany, where he headed northeast. In Frankfurt am Main , the main train station and the airport long-distance train station were closed as a precaution . Because parts of the construction site of the long-distance train station threatened to crash onto the autobahn , autobahn 3 at Frankfurt Airport was closed.
The storm also tore down power and telegraph lines and damaged overhead lines on trams and railways. In Saarland , North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate , rail traffic practically came to a standstill. An Intercity Express collided with a tree on the Frankfurt-Bebra railway line . Fallen trees blocked roads and killed people.
In Rhineland-Palatinate, hurricane “Xynthia” brought about 2.1 million solid cubic meters of wood to the ground, especially in the northern part of the country, in the Eifel, in the Hunsrück (approx. 600,000 m3), in the Westerwald (approx. 460,000 m3) and in the Trier area (approx. 390,000 m³). The Palatinate was largely spared (approx. 60,000 solid cubic meters).
Approx. 95 percent of the storm wood was softwood (spruce, Douglas fir, pine or larch wood); Over 70 percent of it in community forests, 20 percent in state forests and 10 percent in private forests. 95 percent of the storm wood could be used for sale; around five percent (approx. 100,000 m3) remained as dead wood in the forest. The unscheduled wood volumes were mainly absorbed by the market in the current year.
In Hesse there was around 1.2 million solid cubic meters of storm wood.
See also
media
- Xynthia, Chronicle of an Heralded Catastrophe. ARTE special broadcast (theme evening), first edition. March 9, 2010 ( program , dossier )
Footnotes
- ↑ a b c d e f Rafales de vent enregistrées aux cours des samedi 27 et dimanche 28 février on METEO France accessed on March 3, 2010
- ↑ Markus Stowasser, meteorologist at Allianz SE Rückversicherung, cited above. n. Insurers see billions in losses from “Xynthia”. Focus online, accessed on March 4, 2010 : "Estimates by the company AIR Worldwide, which specializes in risk analyzes, according to which the insured damage could amount to 1.5 to 3 billion euros, are" not unrealistic "
- ↑ a b c d e f g Hurricane Xynthia - first meteorological survey of the ZAMG . Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics . March 1, 2010. Archived from the original on March 3, 2010. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 1, 2010.
- ↑ Die Zeit : Extra: Hurricane in the Basque Country at record speed , February 28, 2010
- ↑ a b DWD report
- ↑ Information mise à jour sur Liberation (fr) . February 28, 2010.
- ^ Tempête Xynthia: 20 morts, un million de foyers sans électricité (French) . February 28, 2010. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ La tempête Xynthia a fait au moins 52 morts en France ( page can no longer be accessed , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , consulté le 2 mars 2010
- ↑ Le bilan de la tempête Xynthia porté à 53 morts en France , accessed on March 3, 2010.
- ↑ The big cleanup after "Xynthia" ( memento from March 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) on tagesschau.de from March 1, 2010
- ↑ La tempête Xynthia fait trois morts en Espagne ( Memento of the original from May 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , consulté le 1 mars 2010
- ↑ Alerta en toda España por la borrasca explosiva que atravesará hoy la Península ( Spanish ) El País. February 27, 2010. Retrieved February 27, 2010.
- ↑ Hurricane low "Xynthia" kills 60 people , Die Welt . March 1, 2010. Retrieved March 3, 2010.
- ↑ 10 costliest winter storms with storm surges ordered by overall losses (pdf), Munich Re
- ^ "National catastrophe" in France ( memento of March 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) on tagesschau.de of March 1, 2010
- ↑ Storm "Xynthia" - traffic paralyzed - first casualty . Hessian radio . February 28, 2010. Archived from the original on March 3, 2010. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 28, 2010.
- ↑ Hurricane races through Hessen ( Memento from March 6, 2010 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on March 1, 2010
- ↑ www.wald-rlp.de ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ www.wiesbadener-kurier.de ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
