Piracicaba

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Município de Piracicaba
"A Noiva da Colina"
"Florença Paulista"
Piracicaba
View of the center, in the foreground the Rio Piracicaba.
View of the center, in the foreground
the Rio Piracicaba .
Piracicaba (Brazil)
Red pog.svg
Coordinates 22 ° 44 ′  S , 47 ° 39 ′  W Coordinates: 22 ° 44 ′  S , 47 ° 39 ′  W
Location of the municipality of Piracicaba in the state of São Paulo
Location of the municipality of Piracicaba in the state of São Paulo
Symbols
coat of arms
coat of arms
flag
flag
Motto
"Audax in intellectu et in labore"
founding August 1, 1767Template: Infobox location in Brazil / maintenance
Basic data
Country Brazil
State São Paulo
ISO 3166-2 BR-SP
Região intermediária Campinas (from 2017)
Região imediata Piracicaba (from 2017)
Metropolitan area Campinas
height 547 m
Waters Rio Piracicaba
climate tropical mountain climate, Cfa
surface 1,378.1 km²
Residents 364,571 (2010)
density 264.6  Ew. / km²
estimate 404.142 (July 1, 2019)
Parish code IBGE : 3538709
Post Code 13400-001 to 13439-999
Telephone code (+55)  19
Time zone UTC −3
Website piracicaba.sp (Brazilian Portuguese)
politics
City Prefect Barjas Negri (2017-2020)
Political party PSDB
Culture
Patron saint Anthony of Padua
economy
GDP 21,644,884  thousand R $
55,294 R $ per person 
(2015)
HDI 0.785 (2010)

Piracicaba ( Tupí-Guaraní : "waterfall", "place where the fish stops"; pronunciation: Pira-ssikaba , piɾɐsiˈkabɐ or piˌɾasiˈkabɐ ) is a Brazilian city ​​in the state of São Paulo . Piracicaba is an important agricultural and industrial center and is located in one of the most productive regions of São Paulo. Over 1.2 million people live in and around Piracicaba.

history

The name of the city refers to the waterfalls of the river of the same name near the city. The first colonists settled there in the 17th century and practiced agriculture.

founding

In 1767, the São Paulo government decided to build settlements in the region to support expeditions and merchant shipping. At the same time, this settlement was supposed to secure the Iguatemí fortress on the border with future Paraguay . The settlement was to be built at the confluence of the Piracicaba with the Tietê , but the commander in charge Antônio Correa Barbosa decided on a better connected and developed area 90 km before the falls. The city was founded on August 1, 1767, and received municipal rights a year later. The city was moved to the other bank of the river in 1784 because the irregular and barren soil made agriculture difficult. Only towards the end of the century did the city experience an upswing and significant growth spurts due to river navigation and sugar cane cultivation .

1821 Piracicaba was awarded city status and is in memory of the Portuguese constitutional reform (which came into force the following year) in Vila Nova da Constituição ( port. New City of the Constitution ) renamed. This change in status accelerates growth, and a year later a city council meets for the first time. In the following years the city continued to grow. While Brazilian coffee planting became the growth engine of the state of São Paulo in the 19th century, the economy of Piracicaba was limited to the cultivation of sugar cane and, due to the enormous demands of the plantations, became the largest consumer for slave labor and a place of work for freed slaves.

In 1877 the city was renamed Piracicaba on the initiative of the then Senator and future Brazilian President Prudente de Morais . In the same year the city is connected to the railway network of the Companhia Ituana de Ferrovias (Ituan Railway Company). In 1881 the largest sugar cane factory in the country is founded in Piracicaba. With the rise of the anti-slavery movement , more and more slaves are being replaced by machines and paid labor, especially Portuguese, Italians, Syrians and Lebanese.

Upswing and decline

In 1900 Piracicaba, the fourth largest city, was one of the largest industrial centers in São Paulo and had electric lights and telephones. The large landowner Brigadier Luiz Vicente de Sousa Queiroz donated land to the city in order to found the future Escola Superior de Agronomia Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ, agricultural college). With the decline of the neighboring city of Itu after 1890, Piracicaba finally became the most important city in the region ( Campinas , today's capital of the Piracicaba region of Campinas , was much smaller and poorer than Piracicaba).

Due to the one-sided specialization in sugar cane, the economy stagnated until the mid-1950s, as the importance of coffee declined throughout the state and sugar cane prices fell. The city adopted the necessary reforms too late, which at least led to one of the earliest industrializations in the country and spawned a metalworking industry, but by focusing on goods for sugar cane processing did not remove the dependence on sugar cane. The decline could be stopped, but it did not turn into significant growth.

For Piracicaba, however, the growth of Campinas was more serious from the 1950s onwards. Campinas is in direct competition with the city as a location and had advantages due to more diverse industry, higher growth and geographical advantages (connection to the port of Santos and proximity to the capital São Paulo ). Piracicaba lost the competition and is now only of regional importance and dependent on Campinas.

today

Since the 1970s, measures to promote the economy have been taken, such as the connection to the important federal road Rodovia Castello Branco and other infrastructure developments. ESALQ will join the University of São Paulo and new business parks will attract new companies. The increased demand for alcohol is driving sugar cane production again. Many projects such as the re-navigation of the Piracicaba, its connection to the Tietê-Paraná waterway, an alcohol pipeline and the connection of the city to the Annexüera federal road have not yet been implemented. The city now has the hope of being able to leave the image of the periphery and “ dead end ” city behind. Despite the long crisis, the city has maintained its rank as the second largest city and third largest economy in the Campinas area (behind Campinas and Jundiai ) and is now one of the world's largest sugar and alcohol producers. Industry and educational institutions are known nationwide.

Since 2000, the city has been showing good growth indicators again, investing in restorations and trying to build up capacities for biotechnology and export goods.

Educational institutions

Bishopric of Piracicaba

Sports

Personalities

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Climate Piracicaba: Weather, average temperature, weather forecast for Piracicaba. In: climate-data.org. de.climate-data.org, accessed on October 9, 2018 .
  2. ↑ a b IBGE : Piracicaba - Panorama. Retrieved December 4, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
  3. ↑ Barjas Negri 45 (Prefeito). In: com.br. Eleições 2016, accessed October 9, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).