Campinas
| Município de Campinas Campinas |
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 Image montage of Campinas
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| Coordinates | 22 ° 54 ′ S , 47 ° 3 ′ W | ||
 Location of the municipality in the state
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Motto "laboratories virtute civitas floret" processing and virtue flourishes the city |
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| founding | 14th December 1797 (age 246) | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Brazil | ||
| State | São Paulo | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | BR-SP | ||
| Metropolitan area | Campinas metropolitan area | ||
| height | 685 m | ||
| Waters | Rio Atibaia | ||
| climate | tropical mountain climate, Cwa | ||
| surface | 794.6 km² | ||
| Residents | 1,080,113 (2010) | ||
| density | 1,359.4 Ew. / km² | ||
| estimate | 1,204,073 (July 1, 2019) | ||
| Parish code | IBGE : 3509502 | ||
| Post Code | 13000-001-13139-999 | ||
| Telephone code | (+55) 19 | ||
| Time zone | UTC −3 | ||
| Website | campinas.sp (Brazilian Portuguese) | ||
| politics | |||
| City Prefect | Jonas Donizette (2017-2020) | ||
| Political party | PSB | ||
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| Patron saint | Mary, Immaculate Conception (Nossa Senhora da Conceição) | ||
| economy | |||
| GDP | 58,523,733 thousand R $ 49,877 R $ per person (2016) |
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| HDI | 0.805 (2010) | ||
Campinas ( IPA : kɐ̃ːˈpinɐs , officially Portuguese Município de Campinas ) is a city in the Brazilian state of São Paulo and is located about 100 km north of the city of São Paulo . According to official estimates, 1,204,073 inhabitants, called Campineiros , lived in an area of around 795 km² in July 2019 - around 3.2 million in the metropolitan area of Campinas . This makes Campinas the third most populous municipality in the state after the capital São Paulo and Guarulhos and the first outside the metropolitan region of São Paulo .
history
The city was founded by the Bandeirantes in the late 18th century, was spun off from Jundiaí on December 14, 1797 under the name Vila de São Carlos and was only given its current name in 1842. Since the middle of the 19th century, it has grown steadily with the advance of coffee growing and the railroad. The ring-shaped museum tram in Taquaral Park is a reminder of the era of industrialization .
Since 1908 Campinas has been the seat of a Roman Catholic diocese , which in 1958 became the Archdiocese of Campinas .
Today Campinas is the third largest city in the state of São Paulo (after São Paulo and before Piracicaba ) and is home to numerous industrial companies and university research institutions.
economy
Campinas is an important industrial and commercial center with a wide range of economic sectors: coffee, sugar cane and cotton cultivation, processing industry (textiles, mechanical engineering, paper, chemicals, electronics) and services.
The region around Campinas generates 9% of the Brazilian gross national product with a little more than 3% of the population of the country . The per capita income is one of the highest in Latin America (US $ 10,000 / year).
Campinas is also known as the Brazilian Silicon Valley . It is home to technology companies like IBM , Motorola , Lucent , Nortel , Compaq , Celestica , Samsung , Alcatel , Bosch , BSH Continental , 3M , Texas Instruments , Amyris Biotech , General Motors , Honda , Mercedes-Benz and many others. There are also research and development centers such as the Center for Research and Development and the Embrapa , universities such as the Unicamp and the PUC-Campinas . The pharmaceutical and petrochemical industry is also represented in the region with companies such as Merck , DuPont , Rhône-Poulenc and Shell .
The Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS), a research center for synchrotron radiation with the only particle accelerator in South America, in which cutting-edge research is carried out primarily in biotechnology and nanotechnology, is located near the University of Unicamp . With Embrapa, Campinas also has a facility specializing in the research and development of tropical crops.
The city owes its rapid growth to its proximity to the Viracopos international airport and the connection to the two main highways of the Bandeirantes state and Via Annexuera .
traffic
Campinas is an important transport hub in the state of São Paulo. The city is located on the highway corridor that connects the capital with the economically important north and northwest of the state. The city has a transport ring ("Anel Viário") and is connected to the following major motorways and federal highways:
- Rodovia appendices
- Rodovia dos Bandeirantes
- Rodovia Santos Dumont
- Rodovia Dom Pedro I.
- Rodovia Adhemar de Barros
- Rodovia General Milton Tavares de Souza
- Rodovia Jornalista Francisco Aguirre Proença
These roads are all in very good condition.
Campinas was an important railway axis in the past, but now only freight trains run here.
Viracopos International Airport , located 14 km southwest of the city center, has long been the main freight airport in the state of São Paulo, but in recent years passenger traffic has increased rapidly. With the planned expansion of the airport, Infraero (the Brazilian airport management company) would like to make Viracopos the largest airport in Brazil. With a planned rail link to São Paulo and a capacity of 55 million passengers annually, the airport should also be the largest in Latin America. The expansion of Viracopos became necessary because the two most important airports in São Paulo are already working at the limits of their capacities and expansion is no longer possible due to the close proximity to residential areas.
politics
Mayor is Jonas Donizette ( PSB ) for the period 2017-2020 .
Population development
| year | Residents |
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| 1920 | 115.602 |
| 1940 | 129,640 |
| 1950 | 152,547 |
| 1960 | 219,303 |
| 1970 | 375.864 |
| 1980 | 664,566 |
| 1991 | 847,595 |
| 2000 | 969.396 |
| 2010 | 1,080,999 |
| 2019 | 1,204,073 |
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Source: IBGE (2011)
Attractions
- Churches in honor of Mary untying the knot in a street: "Santuario Nossa Senhora Desatadora dos Nos" and "Capela Maria Porta do Céu" (Nossa Senhora Desatadora dos Nós)
Sports
The football clubs Guarani FC , Red Bull Brasil and Associação Atlética Ponte Preta , one of the oldest football clubs in Brazil, come from Campinas .
Town twinning
Sister towns of Campinas are
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sons and daughters of the town
Web links
- Official website of the city administration (Brazilian Portuguese)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Campinas - Panorama. IBGE , accessed September 20, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ^ Jonas Donizette 40 (Prefeito). In: todapolitica.com. Eleições 2016, accessed September 20, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ Evolução da divisão territorial do Brasil 1872-2010 (= IBGE [Ed.]: Documentos para disseminação. Memória institucional . No. 17 ). 2011, ISBN 978-85-240-4208-9 , ISSN 0103-6459 , Evolução da população, segundo os municípios - 1872/2010 (Brazilian Portuguese, ibge.gov.br [PDF; 122.3 MB ; accessed on May 22, 2020]).
- ↑ Mary Undoer of Knots: Old devotion, revived popularity Devotion to the Blessed Virgin uncoils the knots and snarls preventing peace of mind in our lives - ( Our Sunday Visitor of October 22, 2009)
- ^ Prefeitura Campinas - Cidades Irmãs , accessed April 23, 2018