Régiment Mestre de Camp Général Cavalerie

Régiment Mestre de Camp Général Cavalerie
Standard
active	1635 to 1803
Country	France
Armed forces	French armed forces
Branch of service	cavalry
Type	heavy cavalry
Location	Saint Germain
Patron saint	Maurice d'Agaune
commander
commander	Last: Colonel Noirot

The Régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie , established in 1635, was a cavalry regiment in the Kingdom of France .

Lineup and renaming

• 1635: Establishment of the Régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie
• December 1, 1761: Reinforced by the incorporation of the "Régiment de Seyssel cavalerie"
• December 7, 1790: Dismissed
• January 6, 1791: Rebuilt under the name 24 ^e régiment de cavalerie
• 1792: Renamed to: 23 ^e régiment de cavalerie
• September 24, 1803: Disbanded and distributed to other units

Standards

The standards of the Regiment Mestre de Camp Général were made of red silk, embroidered with golden flames and bordered with a golden border. There were golden fringes all around the flag leaf. In the center there was a golden sun, above it a ribbon with the inscription Nec pluribus impar .

Uniformity

The uniforms were originally just black and gray, but later changed to the general blue of the cavalry with various color distinctive features.

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  Régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie 1740 to 1757

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  Régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie 1757 to 1762

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  Régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie 1762 to 1767

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  Régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie 1767 to 1776

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  Régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie 1776 to 1779

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  Régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie 1779 to 1786

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  Régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie 1786 to 1791

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  24 ^e régiment de cavalerie 1791 to 1792, then 23 ^e régiment de cavalerie

Only in the Régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie did the escadrons use this pennant.

Mestres de camp généraux

Plural of "Mestre de Camp Général"

The first list was made in 1635. During the next 30 years several Mestres de camp généraux held the regiment, as follows:

• 1633 to 1637, Charles d'Escoubleau, marquis de Sourdis et d'Alluye;
• 1637 to 1641, Roger de Choiseul, marquis de Praslin;
• 1641 to 1646, Jean de Gassion;
• 1646 to 1652, Philippe de Clérambault, comte de Palluau;
• February 12, 1652 to December 5, 1665, Roger de Rabutin , comte de Bussy-Rabutin, Maréchal de camp on October 18, 1651, Lieutenant-général on May 4, 1654; † April 9, 1693.

The regiments were given on a case-by-case basis to the respective “Mestre de Camp Général” as its owner. 1665 followed Bussy-Rabutin Armand du Cambout , duc de Coislin as "Mestre de Camp Général", whereupon his regiment, the "Régiment Coislin" taken over by his father in 1638, was named "Régiment du Mestre de camp general".

• April 22, 1670: Jean Jacques Chaumejan, marquis de Fourilles, (Brigadier de cavalerie on June 15, 1667, Maréchal de camp on July 11, 1670, Lieutenant-général on February 13, 1674; † August 11, 1674)

In 1671 some of the existing regiments were given a permanent status. Since then, the same regiment has always been called "Mestre de Camp Général". The holder of the office was then also given the regiment as holder .

• November 15, 1674: Louis Clermont d'Amboise, marquis de Resnel,
• May 3, 1677: Balthazar de la Cardonnière,
• October 6, 1679: Joseph de Pons de Guimera, baron de Montclar
• July 16, 1690: Conrad de Rosen, marquis de Rosen
• March 25, 1703: Léonor François, marquis de Montpeyroux;
• February 26, 1714: Charles François de La Baume Le Blanc, duc de La Vallière
• February 5, 1716: Alexis Madeleine Rosalie, comte de Châtillon
• March 16, 1736: Gaspard, marquis de Clermont-Tonnerre
• April 9, 1748: Anne Louis Henry de Thiard, marquis de Bissy,
• May 4, 1748: Armand Louis de Béthune;
• April 16, 1759: Charles Eugène Gabriel de La Croix , marquis de Castries
• March 7, 1783: Charles Louis Hector (1743 † 1820), marquis d'Harcourt;
• May 20, 1784: Charles de La Croix de Castries;
• March 10, 1788: Mestre de camp Louis Edmond, vicomte de Menou du Mée;
• February 10, 1791: Colonel Louis Charles Mollerat de Garsault;
• February 5, 1792: Colonel Gabriel Désombs de Fajac;
• May 15, 1793: Chief de brigade Nicolas Alban Davigneau;
• February 18, 1794: Chef de brigade François Royer;
• July 16, 1794: Chef de brigade Claude Tiercé;
• June 6, 1795: Chef de brigade Pierre Noizet;
• January 16, 1798: Chef de brigade Édouard Mortier  ;
• August 12, 1799: Chef de brigade Noirot.

Battle calendar

War of the Polish Succession

→ Main article : War of the Polish Succession

During the War of the Polish Succession, the regiment was deployed in Italy, where it was involved in the siege of Pizzighettone and the capture of Gera , Villa d'Adda and the Castle of Milan .

• 1734: it fought in the Battle of Guastalla and the Battle of Parma ;
• 1735: it was involved in the battle at Reggiolo and the battle at Reverse. Then it returned to its garrison at Belfort .

War of the Austrian Succession

→ Main article : War of the Austrian Succession

The regiment in Bohemia.

• 1741: Used in the Battle of Zahájí
• 1742: Involved in the defense of Prague with only four companies . It then returned to its former garrison in Pontarlier . The battle at Weissenburg followed
• 1744: the siege of Freiburg im Breisgau and in the same year the relocation to Flanders .
• 1745: Used in the Battle of Fontenoy and in the capture of Tournai .
• 1746: continued in the battle of Roucourt and the capture of Brussels. It also distinguished itself in the battle of Lauffeldt .
• 1747: Fighting at the siege of Bergen op Zoom
• 1748: Fighting at the siege of Maastricht in which on April 9, 1748 the commandant, Mestre de camp Anne Louis Henry de Thiard, marquis de Bissy, was killed.

It was then placed in garrison in Sedan and later used during the Seven Years' War to conquer the Duchy of Jülich and the Duchy of Berg . It fought in the Battle of Hastenbeck under the Maréchal d'Estrées . In 1757 it was involved in the battle near Minden, the Battle of Krefeld and the Battle of Minden . In 1759 it belonged to the army that occupied Hanover .

Since the regiment was one of the three that mutinied in 1790 due to non- payment of wages ( mutiny in Nancy ), it was cashed after the revolt was put down.

In 1791 the 24 ^e régiment de cavalerie was re-established in the traditional line and renamed in 1792 to 23 ^e régiment de cavalerie. (After the king was deposed, the Régiment Royal-Allemand cavalerie considered its oath of allegiance to have expired and almost completely emigrated. As a result, all the following cavalry regiments moved up one position in the numbering.)

The "23 ^e régiment de cavalerie" fought in the campaigns of 1792 and 1794 with the "Armée des Ardennes" (Ardennes Army), where it was able to distinguish itself on March 18, 1793 in the battle of Neer winds . Between 1794 and 1796 it belonged to the Armée de Sambre-et-Meuse and then moved to the Armée de Mayence in 1797 . It was stationed on the Rhine and Danube and returned to France after the conclusion of the Treaty of Lunéville . Here it moved into a garrison in Saint Germain.

Dissolved by decree of September 24, 1803, the 1st Escadron was assigned to the "5 ^e régiment de cavalerie", the 2nd to the "6 ^e régiment de cavalerie", and the 3rd to the "7 ^e de cavalerie", converted into cuirassier regiments on the same day.

Known members of the regiment

• Antoine Charles Louis de Lasalle

Footnotes

1. ↑ Order of December 1, 1761, État militaire de France pour l'année 1762 , p. 380 (France's military budget for 1762). P. 380
2. ↑ Since the Royal-Allemand cavalry regiment or “15 ^e régiment de cavalerie” had emigrated from the French service in 1792, all regiments moved forward one number.
3. ↑ General Susane, "Regiment du Mestre de camp general", sur ancestramil.fr , Histoire de la cavalerie française , Hetzel, 1874, chap. II, pp. 12-23, transcript par Paul Chagnoux, juin 2008.
4. ↑ Until then, most regiments were set up and dismissed as needed. Only a few wealthy nobles afforded the luxury of constantly financing an entire regiment.
5. ↑ between 1748 and 1788 the Mestres de camp généraux left the command of their regiment to their deputies (Mestres de camp commandants)
6. ^ Zahájí
7. ↑ Dishonorably dissolved

literature

• Cinquième abrégé de la carte générale du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer (Depuis novembre 1737, jusqu'en décembre 1738). Lemau de la Jaisse, Paris 1739.
• État militaire de France pour l'année 1762. MM. Montandre-Longchamps, chevalier de Montandre, et de Roussel, cinquième édition, chez Guyllin, Paris 1762.
• Chronique historique-militaire. Pinard, Vol. 3, 4 et 5, Paris 1761, 1761 et 1762.

Web links

• Historique "Susane" du régiment Mestre de Camp Général cavalerie , on ancestramil.fr