7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval

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Légion Royale
Chasseurs de Picardie
7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval

7eRCC.jpg

Association badge of the regiment
active 1744 to 1993
Country Flag of France.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Branch of service light cavalry
Type Reiterregiment
Armored Reconnaissance
Regiment Panzer Regiment
Strength 4 escadrons
Insinuation 5 e division of infantry
Location Arras
Patron saint St. George
motto "Multorum virtus in uno"
"Much power in one"
commander
commander Last: Colonel Louis d'Astorg
Important
commanders

Chevalier de Chabot la Serre

The 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval (Régiment Chasseurs de Picardie) was set up in 1727 in the Kingdom of France during the War of the Austrian Succession as a regiment of light cavalry . It was in service under various names and functions until it was dissolved in 1993.

Formation history

  • 1727:

The king granted several nobles, as principal of infantry and dragoons existing free companies under the name "Compagnies Franches" set up. The strength varied in each case according to the current needs. Since these associations were not involved in major combat operations, the sources are very thin.

  • 1745:

With royal decree, the units were grouped under the name Volontaires Royaux (Royal Volunteers), and the Capitaine Jacob, as the commander of one of the escadrons, was appointed Mestre de camp (that is, the commander).

  • 1747:

Renaming to Légion Royale

  • 1766:

With the Dragoons, the Capitaines Messey, Feuillet, d'Arvans, Galbun, Dartaize, Malvoisin, l'Egrevisse and Labruyère were listed for the first time.

  • 1768:

The orders of May and September led to an increase of the grenadier companies by 23 men each and the fusilier companies by 61 men each.

  • 1769:

The legion was assigned to the expedition to Corsica . This campaign was marked by ambushes and skirmishes that allowed the Legion to continue the courageous tradition that made it a name during the Seven Years' War.

  • 1770:

After returning to France, the unit was initially relocated to Bar-le-Duc in the same year , to Mouzon in 1772 and to Sarreguemines in 1775 .

By order of March 25, 1778, the six legions - "Royale", "Flandre", "Lorraine", "Condé", "Soubise" and "Dauphiné" - were dissolved. The dragoons of the former legions formed four escadrons "Chasseurs à cheval", which were then incorporated as the 5th escadron into the dragoons regiments Colonel Général , Mestre de Camp , Royal and du Roy .

  • January 29, 1779:

By order, the four escadrons were withdrawn from the dragoon regiments and used to set up the "1 er régiment de chasseurs". The formation took place in Besançon, each escadron consisted of six officers and 168 riders.

Occupation at the erection in 1779:
  • Rod:
Mestre de camp: Marquis de Cellier
Mestre de camp lieutenant: Viscount de Toulongeon
Major: Chevalier de Biencourt (Chief of Regimental Administration)
Quartier Mestre Trésorier: Baudard (quartermaster and paymaster)
  • Capitaines commandants:
de l'Ecrevisse, de la Barollière, de Rainville, de Marchal, Mathis, Chevalier de Saon, Chevalier de Valéry, Schinaget
  • Premier lieutenants:
Peclos, André, de Raiville, Auder, de Richeville, de Sennecé, Chevalier de Romance, Desmaret
  • Sous lieutenants:
de Sevaistre, Guerpel, de Gauffre, de Lalonde, de Borde, de Normond, de Brachet, Soyer
  • 1781:

Transfer to Jussey , where the command of the Marquis de Cellier passed to the Baron de Klingin (or Glingin). In the following year garrison in Neuf-Brisach and in 1783 in Sarreguemines.

  • August 8, 1784:

A battalion of chasseurs à pied (hunters on foot) was incorporated into four companies. It was then renamed "Régiment de chasseurs d'Alpes". Under the new commandant Colonel Baron de la Ferronnays, it moved to Ancenis in 1785 , to Calais in 1786 and to Landrecies in 1787 .

  • March 17, 1788:

By order, six dragoons were converted into chasseurs à cheval. They received the numbers 1 to 6, the previous "Régiment de chasseurs d'Alpes" was converted in Douai to a Régiment de chasseurs à cheval and received the name "Chasseurs de Picardie" as No. 1, which it continued until 1788 and from then led to only as an additional designation until 1791.

Occupation on March 17, 1788:
  • Rod:
Colonel: Comte de Rurange de Rederquen
Colonel-lieutenant: de Bellerose
Major: Chevalier de Biencourt
2nd major: Vicomte de Caramau
Trésorier: Baudard
  • Capitaines:
de l'Ecrevisse, de Rainville, de Marchal, Comte de Doulcet, Chevalier de Bidée, Chevalier de Cloche
  • Capitaines en second:
de la Rochetulaye, André, Comte de Ploue, Ferre de Nuys, Durr, de Chaponay
  • Lieutenants:
de Massey, de Sennecé, de Gaufre, de Brachet, Duchevreux, de Nollent, Soyer, de Caneau, le Clerc, l'Echautier, de la Goutte, de la Fournière
  • Sous lieutenants:
de Fray, de Bellevue, Davrille, de Lalonde, de Landemont, d'Aussigne, de Montbreil, Tugnat, de Kerquiamar
  • Officer reserve:
Capitaines: Paris de Tufaut, d'Andigne, Vicomte de Cosnac, de Lomente
Lieutenants: le Normand, de Guitry, de Rouzet, de la Chevalerie, de Seguet-Bouzely
  • 1788:

Renaming to 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval (Douai). Still referred to as the Chasseurs de Picardie .

The year 1792 brought about radical changes in the course of the revolution as far as the composition of the officer corps was concerned. The revolutionary turmoil was felt in the army as everywhere. With the law of August 5, 1791, the appointment of captains and lieutenants was reorganized; NCOs and sons of revolutionary citizens took the place of the dismissed officers. It didn't matter whether the latter were unserved or not.

  • 1814:

In the course of the restoration, it was renamed Chasseurs d'Orléans

  • 1815:

during the reign of the Hundred Days again 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval

  • July 16, 1815:

by royal arrangement in Strasbourg dissolved

  • 1816:

Reinstatement as "Chasseurs de Corrèze"

  • 1825:

Renaming to 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval

  • February 19, 1831:

Renaming of the 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval to 2 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval . The 12 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval became the new 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval .

  • 1939:

The regimental association was disbanded and the escadrons assigned to the reconnaissance groups of the army corps and divisions.

  • 1940:

After the Armistice of Compiègne , the unit remained in place and was assigned to the so-called Armistice Army of the Vichy government and stationed in Nîmes .

  • 1942:

After the invasion of the German armed forces in the previously unoccupied France ( company Anton ), the still existing French army was disbanded.

  • June 1, 1963:

The 7 e régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique was renamed the 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval .

  • June 1, 1964:

The 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval was renamed the 5 e régiment de dragons .

  • July 1, 1964:

The 29 e régiment de dragons took over the name 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval after returning from Algeria at the beginning of May in Arras

  • June 30, 1993:

resolution

Uniforms

  • Dragoon of the Légion royale 1768

  • Dragoons on foot of the Légion royale 1768

  • 1 he regiment de chasseurs à cheval 1779

  • Chasseurs de Picardie 1788

  • Chasseurs à cheval de Picardie 1789

  • 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval 1791

  • 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval 1806

  • 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval 1854

Garrisons

  • Monument des 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval, dedicated to the fallen 1914–1918 (Évreux)

  • Plaque commemorating the 7th e régiment de chasseurs à cheval. Quartier Tilly in Évreux from April 9, 1914 to September 3, 1939.

  • Renovated building in the Tilly district in Évreux, 2009

  • Monument in the Tilly district (Évreux)

Commanders

Mestre de camp was the rank designation for the regimental owner and / or the actual commander. Should the mestre de camp be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the mestre de camp lieutenant (or Mestre de camp en second). The name "Colonel" was used from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803, from 1793 to 1803 the name Chef de brigade was used . From 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

I. II. III.
  • 1747: Chevalier de Chabot la Serre
  • 1759 to 1760: Chevalier de Chabot
  • 1760 to 1761: Comte de Melfort
  • 1761 to 1763: de Vallières
  • 1763 to 1765: Marquis de Nicolaï
  • 1765 to 1774: Comte de Coigny
  • 1774 to 1776: Duc de Lauzun
1 he regiment de chasseurs
  • 1779: de Cellier
  • 1780: de Glinglin
Chasseurs des Alpes
  • 1784: de la Perronays
7 e régiment de chasseurs de Picardie
  • 1788: le Duchat de Rurange de Rederquin
Revolution and Empire
  • 1789: de Contades
  • 1791: Armand Désiré de Vignerot du Plessis
  • 1792: Colonel François-Charles Scheglinski
  • 1793: Memez
  • 1794: de Montbrun
  • [...]
  • 1807: Colonel Hippolyte Marie Guillaume de Piré
  • 1809: Colonel François Joseph Bohn
  • 1811 to 1812: Colonel Alfred Armand Robert Saint-Chamans
  • 1812: Colonel Antoine-Charles-Bernard Delaitre
  • 1813: de Verdière
Chasseurs d'Orléans
  • 1815: de Rochambeau
Chasseurs de Corrèze
  • 1816: Mermet
  • 1820: d'Argout
  • 1822: de Wimpfen
7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval
  • 1831: Jourdan
  • 1838: Guibout
  • 1843: Biziaux
  • 1847: Gustave Oliver Lannes de Montebello
  • 1851: Bergeg de Castellane
  • 1854: de Mirandol
  • 1856: Dumas
  • 1858: Savaresse
  • 1859: d'Estienne de Chaussegros
  • 1864: Delebec
  • August 12, 1866 to October 3, 1870: Thorntont
  • 1870: Mieulet de Richubont
  • 1885: du Hamel de Chanchy
  • 1891: René Michel Moreau
  • 1896: Sibone de la Moruière
  • 1899: du Bois de Meyrignac
  • 1900: Fabre
  • 1901: Meneust
  • 1902: Besset
  • 1907: Matuszynski
  • 1914: Rey
  • 1916: Verdelhan des Molles
  • 1917: Pascal
  • 1918: Alquier-Bouffard
  • 1919: Meaudre
  • 1920: Delaage de Chaillon
  • 1925: Sagot
  • 1931: Petiet
  • 1934: Jacottet
  • 1936: de Montmorin de Saint-Herem
  • 1938 to August 1939: Brenet
  • September 1940 to 1942: Schott
  • February 15, 1964 to June 1, 1964: Lieutenant-Colonel Philippe Duplay
  • July 1, 1964 to 1966: Colonel Jérôme Lévesque
  • 1966-1968: Colonel Paul Guillaut
  • 1968-1970: Colonel René Massias
  • 1970-1972: Colonel Lejeune
  • 1972-1974: Lieutenant-colonel Dumesnil-Adelée
  • 1974-1976: Colonel Bernard de Bressy de Guast
  • 1976-1978: Colonel de Belloy de Saint-Liénard
  • 1978-1980: Colonel Robert Baton
  • 1980-1982: Colonel Bernard Bonaventure
  • 1982-1984: Colonel Bernard Durieux
  • 1984-1986: Colonel Christian Loriferne
  • 1986-1988: Colonel Pacoret de Saint-Bon
  • 1988-1991: Colonel François Hudault
  • 1991-1993: Colonel Louis d'Astorg

Campaigns

Ancien Régime

  • 1745-1748:

Used in the War of the Austrian Succession without any notable activities

Seven Years War (1756 to 1763)

The "Légion Royale" left Metz on March 16, 1757 under the command of Colonel de Chabot and joined the Hanover army of Maréchal Louis-Charles-César Le Tellier . The operations of this campaign were ineffective and consisted only of marches and demonstrations of force. In the official report of the commander, in which the most important events were summarized, the "Légion Royale" received little mention.

  • 1757:

After a series of unsuccessful marches in the Emsland , the Légion was involved in a skirmish with the rearguard of the Prussian army near Bielefeld in spring , which cost these 200 prisoners and a number of dead and wounded.

In the operations that followed the surrender of the Hanoverian army ( Convention of Kloster Zeven ), the Légion was almost constantly and also quite successfully used by Maréchal Richelieu to serve as an advance detachment or to cover retreats.

  • 1758:

At the beginning of the year, the French army had to withdraw. The Colonel de Chabot was responsible for the defense of the post in Hoya , a crossing over the Weser . Attacked by superior forces, he refused to give up, although his grenadier companies were reduced to seven or eight men. The Prince of Braunschweig, as commander of the opposing troops, paid Colonel de Chabot and his brave troops his respect by granting a surrender that enabled him to withdraw with weapons and luggage. In July, the French army reorganized in Cologne advanced again, and the Chevert Corps, to which the Légion belonged, arrived in Kassel on October 9th . The next morning, after the Battle of Lutterberg , Chevert wrote about the deployment of the Prince de Soubise's troops :

“J'ai été très content de nos troupes légères qui ont fait merveille. »

"I was very happy with our light troops working miracles."

The "Légion royale" had lost one officer (Lieutenant Mogaratte) and 15 men to fallen soldiers in its successful battle; three officers (the Capitaines Bertrand, Chêneville and Lieutenant Duhagnault) and 32 men were wounded. For their services in battle were

  • the Colonel de Chabot with a pension from the royal casket of 1500 livres
  • the Capitaine Mustel with 400 livres
  • the Capitaines Florimont, Duchemin, Chêneville with 400 livres
  • the Lieutenant Duhagnault with 400 livres
  • the Capitaine Latour with 150 livres.
  • The regiment major in the rank of lieutenant colonel, Sicard, became a colonel
  • the captain of the grenadiers Victor promoted to lieutenant colonel.
  • The Capitaines Bertrand and Feuillet were awarded the Ordre royal et militaire de Saint-Louis .
  • 1759:

In July, the Légion participated in the capture of Münster . After the defeat in the Battle of Minden , the French had to withdraw, and Colonel de Chabot's unit covered the retreat. Despite vigorous repeated attacks every day, it did not allow any enemy success and the army was able to move into winter quarters.

  • 1760:

When hostilities resumed, the Légion was under the command of the Comte de Melfort and was part of the vanguard of the right wing of the army. After the unit had once again distinguished itself in the battle at Rhadern , there was nothing more to report about the unit for the remainder of this war that would have been significant.

Interwar period

  • 1763:

After the conclusion of the peace treaty, the French troops left Germany, as the last unit the Légion Royale, which was garrisoned in the fortress Hüningen . In 1764 it was relocated to Annonay , 1766 to Givet (Ardennes) and 1768 to Tournon.

Revolutionary army

Campaign on the Rhine (1792 to 1793)

  • 1792:

When the war with Austria broke out, the regiment was garrisoned under the command of Colonel Scheglinski in Schlettstadt . The first two escadrons left the city on April 26, 1792 and moved to the field camp in Lauterbourg , where the 3rd escadron followed in June. The 4th Escadron stayed in Schlettstadt. On October 21st , the Chasseurs moved into Mainz under the command of Général Adam-Philippe de Custine . After that they were used in the operations on the Lahn and after the withdrawal of the French troops they stayed at an advanced post in Kreuznach . In December the regiment was completed by the following 4th Escadron. As a garrison of Hochheim it was attacked by the Prussians surprisingly and lost seven men and 10 horses.

  • 1793:

In May the French army only had the Mainz fortress , which was besieged by the coalition troops. The chasseurs were able to excel in various failures . After the surrender the army was given free retreat, the 7 e chasseurs were directed to Strasbourg and Nancy and in September to Angers . During the siege of Mainz in April an army was raised on the Lauter to move to the Lower Rhine. The 5th Escadron of the regiment took part in the operations with 105 riders.

  • 1764:

The 5th Escadron was commanded to Landau in the Palatinate in January to be employed in a newly formed army. The Escadron was now 210 men strong. On September 28th she received orders to unite with the regiment in Fontenay.

Armée de Vendée

The troops withdrawn from Mainz were moved to the Vendée to fight the uprisings there. The regiment was divided into several détachements and fought a large number of battles, for example at Cholet , Laval (Mayenne) , Montaigu (Vendée) , Le Mans , Dole , Savenay , Granville (Manche) , Machecoul and Noirmoutier-en-l ' Île .

After the suppression of the uprising, the "Armée de Vendée" that had been deployed here was renamed "Armée de l'Océan" and the regiment was stationed in Caen .

  • February 3, 1797:

Order to be assigned to the "Armée de Sambre et Meuse", leaving a peloton of the 1st Escadron behind in Rennes

Armée de Sambre et Meuse

  • March 2, 1797:

Departure from Caen and arrival in Brussels on April 4th. There were 38 officers and 848 riders with 248 horses. In June the regiment was in Bruges, where it was assigned to the "24 e division militaire" under Général Joseph Souham . He set up the "Armée de Garrison" here, which was deployed in Brussels , Bruges , Ghent and Mons .

Armée d'Helvétie

  • 1798:

In April the regiment in Brussels received the order to march to the "Armée d'Helvétie" (Helvetic Army). It left Brussels on April 30th and marched to Zurich , where it stayed until August. In the meantime, the depot was relocated from Caen to Porrentruy , then to Schlettstadt and finally to Chambéry in September.

Armée d'Italie

  • 1798:

The regiment arrived in Milan on August 28th to be transferred to Crema on October 1st . Together with the 6 e régiment de hussards and the 11 e régiment de hussards it formed the 1st cavalry division of Général Beaumont, then with the 24 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval and the 25 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval the 2nd cavalry division of Général Forest. On October 24th, the unit reached Bologna with a staff of 625 men . Here she was assigned to the "Armée de Rome" by Jean-Étienne Championnet . When taking Rome on December 15th, the Chasseurs were able to distinguish themselves several times. At the Ponto-Mollo, 100 riders of the regiment defeated a numerically superior enemy division and captured three cannons. On the road to Albano, 200 chasseurs attacked a column of 1,100 Neapolitans and chased them as far as Frascati. Six cannons were captured. For this action, the Capitaine Jacquet was promoted to Chef d'escadrons "on the battlefield" . The Maréchal des logis Durut had captured two enemy flags and was promoted to Sous-lieutenant "on the battlefield" . The Lieutenant Perrol and the Maréchal des logis Dubette were presented with a saber of honor by the First Consul for their services .

  • 1799:

The 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval arrived as the vanguard of Général Championnet in Naples on January 23, where they captured seven cannons and four standards and took 1,000 prisoners. It was also involved in various battles, for example at Tassarello (September 25th), Gavi and Mornese (September 30th) and again at Tassarello (October 6th). The battles of the last few months had dramatically reduced the regiment's population; on October 8th, only 54 riders and 44 horses were available for action. On the orders of General Saint-Cyr, the regimental staff as well as unfit men and horses were sent back to the depot in France, the remaining men and horses remained with the combat troops under the command of a captain, a lieutenant and a sous-lieutenant. On November 29th, only 21 riders and 20 horses were available, which were distributed to other units.

In the meantime the regiment has been reorganized in the Chambéry depot. On November 8th it marched to Chalon-sur-Saône and on November 22nd to Dijon .

  • 1800:

In May the regiment was assigned to the "Armée de Batavie", a detachement of 100 men was assigned to the " Armée des Alpes " at that time and transferred to the depot in Chambéry in September.

Armée de Batavie

Until May 8th 1800 in Dijon, the Chasseurs moved to Breda , where they arrived on June 5th. They were assigned to the division of Général Jacques Desjardin . The strength was 504 men and only 100 horses.

  • 1801:

In January the transfer to Rouen took place , where reinforcements were stopped, so that in the spring the population had increased to 700 men and 900 horses. Without activity, the regiment was garrisoned at Vendôme in 1802 and then at Rennes.

  • 1803:

The 1st Escadron was in Rennes, the 2nd Escadron in Saint-Brieuc , the 3rd Escadron in Fougères and the 4th Escadron in Redon .

  • 1804:

The regiment was reunited in Brest. Allocation to the Armée d'Angleterre .

Grande Armée

  • December 2, 1805:
Use in the battle of Austerlitz
  • October 14, 1806:
Used in the battle of Jena and Auerstedt

Strength of the regiment: 36 officers and 627 horsemen. Sous-lieutenant Framery was killed, the Capitaines Maugery, Walter and Royer, the Lieutenants Ordinaire and Genevray, the sous-lieutenants Auger, Gallet and Pinson were wounded.

Campaign in Poland

  • December 1, 1806:

The regiment was in Gostynin .

  • December 6th to 8th 1806:

Skirmishes at Gostynin and Toruń

  • December 22nd to 24th, 1806:

Crossing the Orla , fighting near Płock

  • 1807:

In January, we moved into quarters in Lotzi, Czemaïn, Koźmin Wielkopolski , Jarocin and other villages on the Biała Lądecka . On January 15, the regiment consisted of 27 officers, 392 riders and 409 horses. The 4th Escadron and the depot were in Strasbourg. By replacement on January 29th, the strength could be increased to 450 riders and 491 horses.

  • 7th / 8th February 1807:

Lossy mission in the battle of Prussian Eylau . The regiment took part in the cavalry attack under Maréchal Murat and suffered heavy losses.

The French cavalry at Eylau
  • February 15, 1807:

In pursuit of the retreating Russians, the chasseurs were involved in a battle near Warnsdorf.

  • Beginning of June 1807:

Quarters in Elbing with the supply of replacement men and horses. The regiment now consisted of 30 officers, 445 men and 430 horses. After various battles and skirmishes, the number was given on June 30th with 26 officers, 356 riders and 407 horses.

  • June 14, 1807:

Used in the battle of Friedland

  • August 21, 1807:

After the Peace of Tilsit, the unit was stationed in Gryfów Śląski . She was 547 men and 560 horses strong. The new commanding officer was the Colonel de Pire.

  • November 11, 1807:

Relocation to the area of Gdansk

  • August 31, 1808:

March to Glogau and from there on October 11th to Bayreuth via Bautzen and Dresden

Campaign in Spain

While the regiment was in Poland, the need arose to send an army to Spain. For this purpose, a cavalry brigade was set up and assigned to the "2 e Corps d'Observation de la Gironde" (2nd Gironde Reconnaissance Corps) in charters. The brigade consisted of two regiments, each composed of the 1st Escadron des 2 e , 7 e , 12 e and 21 e régiment de chasseurs. The regiments were taken prisoner of war after the Battle of Bailén . The officers were brought to England and the men to Caprera. They could not return to France until 1814.

Campaign in Austria

  • 1809:

In January the regiment was in the quarter in Hanau and the surrounding area. It belonged to the 3rd Brigade of the Rhine Army and was under the command of Colonel de Pire and the chiefs d'escadrons Hulot and OnAGEN. The strength was 762 riders with 863 horses. The unit was deployed as part of the Fifth Coalition War:

After the Battle of Znojmo , an armistice was signed which initially ended the campaign. On July 15, 1809, the Chasseurs marched towards Vienna, but were then placed in quarters in Korneuburg on the orders of Maréchal Oudinot . The unit consisted of 31 officers and 489 horsemen under the command of Colonel Montbrun.

Campaign in Portugal

  • 1809:

In Bayonne , the two escadrons of the 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval, together with the 13th and 20th regiments, formed the light cavalry brigade of the Drouet division , which was at the same time commander in chief in the provinces of Biscaya, Navarre and Santander. On August 21, the Bayonne regiment left with a strength of 17 officers, 549 riders and 627 horses for Vittoria. Here it was assigned with the brigade to the 9th Army Corps and deployed to reinforce the army in Portugal .

  • 1810:

Used in the siege of Almeida and in the siege of Ciudad Rodrigo

  • 1811:

Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro . The regiment suffered heavy losses. There were still 19 officers, 439 riders and 394 horses. 79 men were in the hospitals; one officer died there. Five horsemen had fallen and 84 horses were killed. In December the regiment consisted of 16 officers, 254 riders and 156 horses under the command of Colonel en second Poire. Of these, two officers, 43 riders and 13 horses were deployable in the general staff, one officer and 43 riders in the hospital and 13 officers, 168 riders and 143 horses were operational. On December 5, the remaining staff was incorporated into the “13 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval” as the 5th and 6th escadron .

Russian campaign

While the 3rd and 4th Escadron were deployed in Spain, the 1st and 2nd Escadron were garrisoned in Pontivy.

  • 1812:

Because of the upcoming campaign to Russia, an observation corps (Corps d'Observation de l'Elbe) was set up in January. This included the Castex brigade with the 7 e and 20 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval. A squadron of 7 e RCC left with 150 men and 300 horses Strasbourg and met on March 28 in Magdeburg after in Munster a dismounted department of the regiment was equipped with horses. On May 16, the regiment arrived in Warsaw from Berlin.

Commanding officer: Colonel Saint-Chamans
Chef d'escadrons: Bourbet and Friedrich von Salm-Kyrburg
Total stock: 25 officers, 521 riders and 548 horses
still in the depot: 14 officers, 541 riders and 166 horses

On June 24th, the regiment and the army crossed the Nyemen at Kovno. Soon afterwards, individual departments left the depot to join the regiment. They marched together with the 4th Escadron from Hanover to Berlin. To get to their unit, they had covered 293 Lieus (approx. 1170 kilometers) in 46 days (minus seven rest days). That corresponded to an average daily mileage of around 30 kilometers. On July 1, 1812, the seven consisted e RCC from 23 officers, 477 riders and 439 horses. During the march on Moscow it operated on the left wing of the Grande Armée and was later used in the First Battle of Polotsk . Here the regiment suffered heavy losses and had to back down from the massive fire of the Russians. On 31 August 1812, the 7 decreed e RCC still over 32 officers, 297 riders and 288 horses.

The regiment was here also in use, which is so distinguished himself that this event on the flag of the 7 e immortalized RCC.

On the retreat from Moscow some officers who still had horses and six companies with 150 riders ready for action formed a bodyguard for the emperor, which was known as the "Immortel Escadron Sacré" "(Immortals, Holy Escadron).

Campaign in Germany

By decree of February 7, 1813, the 2nd Reserve Cavalry Corps was set up in Magdeburg. It consisted of two light cavalry divisions and a cuirassier division. The 7 e RCC belonged to the Beurmann Brigade in the Light Cavalry Division under Général Exelmans . The regiment was in Lüneburg on May 1st with 11 officers, 157 riders and 189 horses. It reached Magdeburg on May 11th and Dessau on May 14th , from where it marched on to Bautzen .

Through the introduction of replacements, the regiment reached a strength of 36 officers and 573 riders with 553 horses at the end of July. The commandant was Colonel de Saint-Chamans.

On November 17, 1814, the 2nd Reserve Cavalry Corps had melted down to 2,000 men. The three cavalry divisions of the corps had become three so-called provisional regiments . The former 4th Cavalry Division formed two of these regiments: the first with 27 officers and 378 riders, the second with 35 officers and 613 riders.

The first regiment of five companies under Colonel Sourd consisted of the remnants of the 4 e , 7 e and 20 e chasseurs and the 6 e lanciers. The 7 e chasseurs formed the 2nd company with four officers (Capitaine Pouffon, Lieutenant Durlet, Sous-lieutenant Froome and Ruben) and 85 horsemen.

When returning to France, the unit consisted of only 14 officers, 60 riders and 117 horses.

Campaign in France

On February 20, Napoleon ordered a reorganization of the cavalry. The 2nd Cavalry Corps was subordinated to the Général Comte de Saint-Germain and consisted of a cuirassier division (Général Delort) and a light cavalry division (Général Maurin). One of the two brigades of the light division consisted of parts of the 7 e , 20 e , 23 e and 24 e chasseurs.

Used in the battle of Bar-sur-Aube
Used in the battle of Arcis-sur-Aube
Use in the battle of Vauchamps

restoration

After the return of the king, the 7th e régiment de chasseurs was renamed "Régiment de chasseurs d'Orléans" and moved to Strasbourg. The 2nd Company of the Mamelouks de la Garde impériale , assigned to the Young Guard, was incorporated into the regiment.

Army of the Hundred Days

After Napoleon's return from Elba, the regiment left Strasbourg under its old name on March 5th and moved into garrison in Neuf-Brisach. The 2nd company of the Mamelouks de la Garde and the 4th and 8th companies of the "Chasseurs de jeune Garde" were incorporated, which brought the stock to 48 officers, 703 riders and 451 horses. The regiment was assigned to the 1st Brigade of the 8th Cavalry Division. On June 18 it was at Schlettstadt with 30 officers, 650 riders and 634 horses. The regiment was not used in the battle of Waterloo, but stood with the Armée du Rhin in Alsace and the Palatinate to protect the French eastern border. It fought against the Bavarians at the Queich and at Gottesheim . Then at Oppenheim , near Germersheim and on the Lauter.

After Napoléon's second abdication, the "7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval" was dissolved by royal order on July 16, 1815.

Royal Army

On August 30, 1815, it was re-established under the name 7 e régiment de chasseurs (Chasseurs de la Corrèze).

Use in Spain

  • 1823:

The regiment was posted to Spain with the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 6th Escadron and left Nevers on January 31, 1823. On February 26, it arrived in Dax and was forwarded to Bayonne, where it arrived in good shape . Along with the one he régiment de hussards it was the 1st Brigade of the 2nd Division of the 1st Army Corps. On April 9th, the Chasseurs were in action near San Sebastian. On November 3, the 7 paraded e RCC in Madrid HRH Monseigneur le Duc d'Angoulême . On December 10, the regiment marched back to France via Burgos, where it arrived in Commercy on December 26 .

During the mission in Spain, the 4th and 5th Escadron stayed in the depot in Limoges.

Belgian revolution

In June 1831 the unit was moved to Sarreguemines and Metz. In Metz it received its new standard and paraded before the king. The regiment was reinforced from four to six escadrons. In September the transfer to Maubeuge took place, where a cavalry brigade in the "Armée du Nord" was formed with the 8 e RCC. On November 15, the Belgian border was crossed and marched towards Antwerp via Mons . During the siege of the fortress, the regiment carried out reconnaissance tasks as far as Bergen-op-Zoom .

Peace time

After returning to France, the unit returned to Maubeuge via Lille in 1833. In March the 6th Escadron was dissolved again, in April 1834 it was relocated to Chartres and Châteaudun , in May 1835 to Provins , and in October 1836 to Poitiers . From here the regiment marched to the "Division active des Pyrénées Orientales". In February 1841 the regiment was stationed in Limoges , in November 1842 in Poitiers, in April 1843 in Beauvais and in October 1845 in Haguenau . One escadron each was posted to Wissembourg and Lauterbourg. In 1846 it was in Belfort and the Hüningen fortress . In 1846 it was used during riots in Mulhouse . The revolutionary year of 1848 passed unity without any problems. Discipline and order could be maintained. On November 10, 1848 the relocation to Lille and Arras took place , six months later to Tours .

Second republic

After a large parade in front of the President of the Republic in Versailles, after which the regiment was certified in good appearance, the unit moved to Compiègne in January 1852. In the last months of 1854 a sixth Escadron was again erected. It was stationed in Thionville , Longwy and Montmédy .

Second empire

Crimean War

A détachement of the regiment was assigned to the siege of the Bomarsund fortress . The Chasseur Belet was killed and the Maréchal des logis Noël was promoted to Sous-lieutenant for his excellent behavior .

Peace time

In February 1856 the 7 e RCC was stationed in Lyon, the depot was in Gray. In October 1857 the relocation to Tarascon took place, one Escadron each was detached to Marseille and Montpellier .

Conquest of Algeria

In 1858 the unit was shipped to Algeria, where it took over the horses of the 7th e régiment de hussards. The unit was distributed to Algiers , Blidah, Orléansville , Milianah and Sour El-Ghozlane.

Sardinian war

Use in the Battle of Magenta with one fallen and nine wounded. 13 horses were dead, five injured. Entry into Milan on June 7th. On June 8th the regiment acted as the vanguard, moving through Dressano, Pontigliane, Albignano, Calcio, Castiglione and arriving in Solferino on June 24th.
Use in the battle of Solferino . One officer and one rider fell, four officers and 15 riders went missing, a senior Austrian officer was captured and a large number of horses were captured.

The regiment was then transferred to Rome and used on November 3, 1867 at Mentana in the fight against the troops of Giuseppe Garibaldi , who wanted to conquer the Papal States and incorporate it into a united Italy. At the beginning of August 1870, the regiment moved to Paris, which it left again on August 18 to march to Rethel, which it reached on August 25.

Franco-German War

Assigned to the division of Général Vandœuvres in the 12th Army Corps, the regiment crossed the Argonne and arrived on August 28, 1870 in Beaumont-en-Argonne . The next day the Meuse was crossed at Mouzon and a bivouac was taken on the right bank of the river. The next day it was in a fierce battle near Mouzon, in which it lost its entourage to the Germans.

On September 1, the regiment was deployed on the Illy Plateau, where the cavalry tried in vain to prevent the army's left wing from being bypassed. Several attacks brought the unit great losses, the 1st Escadron and the 5th Escadron were completely wiped out. By 4:00 p.m. the regiment was cut off from the main force. To avoid capture, the unit then crossed the Belgian border and came back to France that night at Sécheval . On September 2nd she was in Rocroy. From here it was sent on to Vervins to be transported from there to Versailles by rail .

Third Republic

From Versailles, the unit marched to Carcassonne , where it arrived on September 13th. Four new escadrons were set up here and marched to Belfort . The 7 e RCC was assigned to the 20th Army Corps. The chasseurs were involved in a skirmish near Besançon . On November 19, it was relocated by rail to Chagny (Saône-et-Loire) . On November 24, 1870 in action at Lorris and on the 26th at Ladon (Loiret) . After the occupation of Orléans by the Prussians, the French army had to withdraw, the regiment marched via Bourges , Nevers and Decize to Autun .

Internment of the "Armée de l'Est" in Switzerland

On January 5, 1871, the command to the Armée de l'Est took place , which should break the siege of Belfort. The regiment covered the army's flanks in the north and east during the march to Héricourt and during the retreat. It was in Châtillon on January 22nd and Besançon on January 23rd, still busy covering the retreat. When the army crossed into Swiss territory, the regiment was torn apart:

The 2nd Escadron followed the Général Clinchant (commander of the 1st Infantry Division) into exile in Switzerland.
The regimental commander, the regimental staff, the 3rd and 4th Escadron escaped by rail via Gex (Ain) and Bellegarde (Gard) to Carcassonne .
The 5th Escadron managed to escape to Bourg-en-Bresse and also marched to Carcassonne.

Refilled, the regiment consisted of four escadrons on April 1, 1871. It belonged to the "Armée de Versailles" and performed surveillance and reconnaissance tasks. After various battles with the German outposts, it entered Paris on July 16 and was initially stationed there. During the fighting with the Paris Commune , it was involved in the storming of Fort d'Issy on May 8th . On September 27th it had to leave the city again and moved to Meaux , where it was to remain until March 1872. In November 1873 it was in Lunéville and in October 1877 in Rambouillet .

Campaign in Tunisia

On April 3, 1881, the regiment received orders to mobilize three escadrons. The 11 e régiment de chasseurs gave up 77 men and 164 horses to bring the mobilized escadrons to the strength of 140 men on horseback and 10 men on foot. Embarked in Marseille , the unloading took place in Bône , where the individual units were brought together on April 13th and 14th. On the march to Souq Ahras , the regiment formed the cavalry of Général Logerot's column with the 11th e régiment de hussards and the 3 e régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique . This force crossed the Tunisian border on April 26th and reached El Kef on the same day , then Souk el Arba and Sidi Béchir near Tunis . After various operations in the area, she returned to Souq Ahras and stayed there until the end of July 1881. The escadrons of the 7 e RCC left Souq Ahras on July 31 and were transported by train to Manouba . Fighting followed in the area around Kairouan and Gabès . In 1886 the regiment returned to France and moved into garrison in Moulins.

First World War

The 7 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval was garrisoned in Sézanne and Sampigny and in 1914 belonged to the 6th Army Corps. It was under the 5th Infantry Division throughout the war.

  • 1914:
Offensive in Belgium and withdrawal from August 5th to September 5th
Participation in the Battle of the Marne and fighting until October 24th
Operations on the Yser from October 24th to December 4th
  • 1914/1915:
Autumn battle in Champagne and trench warfare from December 6th to May 10th 1915
Operations in the Artois from May 12, 1915 to October 25, 1915
  • 1915/1916:
Winter fighting on the Somme from October 25, 1915 to March 25, 1916
  • 1916/1917:
Operations off Verdun and on the Meuse Heights from April 1, 1916 to March 1917
Operations on Chemin-des-Dames from March to August 1917
  • 1917/1918:
Operations on the Somme, Mailly, Touraine and Champagne from August 1917 to April 1918
Battle of the Marne from June 20 to August 25, 1918
Operations of the 1st Escadron on Vesle from September 4th to November 1918
Operations of the 3rd Escadron on the Oise with the 8th Infantry Division from June to September 8, 1918
Operations of the 4th Escadron with the 5th Infantry Division (June to Armistice)

Second World War

In 1939 the 7th e régiment de chasseurs was garrisoned in Évreux . Partly motorized, it belonged to the cavalry troops that were not assigned to the divisions.

It was assigned to the "3 e Groupement de Cavalerie" (3rd cavalry group) in Compiègne , to which the 6 e and 7 e Groupe d'Automitrailleuses (armored car groups) in Compiègne and Saint-Omer belonged.

The Groupement de Cavalerie formed the "Groupes de reconnaissance" (reconnaissance groups) in the event of mobilization, the 7 e régiment de chasseurs formed six such groups:

  • 2 e groupe de reconnaissance de corps d'armée (2 e GRCA)
  • 6 e groupe de reconnaissance de corps d'armée (6 e GRCA)
  • 1 he groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infantry (1 he GRDI)
  • 15 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie (15 e GRDI)
  • 66 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie (66 e GRDI)
  • 73 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie (73 e GRDI)

Standard

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

  • 7 ° rég chass cheval av.png
  • 7e rég chass cheval.png

Awards

The flag ribbon is decorated with

  • the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with a bronze star for an honorable mention in the brigade report
  • the Croix de Guerre 1939-1945 with three palm branches for three honorable mentions in the army report
  • the gold medal of the city of Milan
  • the Fourragère des Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with the olive in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1939–1945

  • Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with a bronze star

  • Croix de guerre 1939–1945 with three palm branches

  • Gold Medal of the City of Milan

Motto

Multorum virtus in uno
Much power in one

Others

The annual pay of the officers in 1763 was:

Colonel : 4,500 livres
Lieutenant Colonel : 3,600 livres
Major (not a rank, but a position): 2800 livres
Capitaine : 1800 livres
Lieutenant : 800 livres
Sous-lieutenant : 500 livres

Web links

literature

  • 7 e Regiment de Chasseurs. Campagne de 1914 à 1918. Historique sommaire. Henri Charles-Lavauzelle, Paris 1920 ( digitized on Gallica ).
  • Roland Jehan, Jean-Philippe Lecce: Encyclopédie des insignes de l'Arme Blindée Cavalerie. Volume II: Les chasseurs à cheval. Cheminements Éditions, Paris 2008, ISBN 978-2-84478-708-8 .
  • Pierre Lemau de la Jaisse: Cinquième abrégé de la carte générale du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer. Depuis novembre 1737 jusqu'en décembre 1738. Gandouin et al., Paris 1739, OCLC 458013263 .
  • M. Pinard: Chronologie historique-militaire. Volume 4 ( digitized on Gallica ), 5 ( digitized ) and 7 ( digitized ). Claude Hérissant, Paris 1761, 1762 and 1764.
  • François-Edme de Montandre-Longchamps, Chevalier de Montandre, Jacques de Roussel: État militaire de France pour l'année 1762. Volume 1. 3rd edition. Guillyn, Paris 1762 ( full text in the Google book search, see Etats militaires de France in www.1789-1815.com ).

Footnotes

  1. ↑ This standard is now in the Musée d'Artillerie des Invalides .
  2. ↑ Provision No. 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées . In: Bulletin officiel des armées. No. 27, November 9, 2007.
  3. ↑ Order AFN 1952–1962 relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A by Michèle Alliot-Marie.