8 e regiment de dragons

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Régiment de Penthièvre cavalerie
Dragons du Rhône
3 e régiment de chevau-légers lanciers
8 e régiment de dragons

8 ° rég de dragons.png

Association badge of the regiment
active 1674 to 1977
Country Flag of France.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Branch of service light cavalry
Type Reiterregiment
Armored Reconnaissance
Regiment Panzer Regiment
Strength 4 escadrons
Insinuation 5 e division of infantry
Location Arras
Patron saint St. George
motto "Multorum virtus in uno"
commander
commander Last: Colonel Louis d'Astorg
Important
commanders

Marquis d'Heudicourt

The 8 e régiment de dragons (Régiment de Penthièvre cavalerie) was set up in 1674 in the Kingdom of France during the War of the Austrian Succession as a regiment of light cavalry . It was in service under various names and functions until it was dissolved in 1977. From 1811 to 1815 it was called "3 e régiment de chevau-légers lanciers"

Formation history

  • March 1, 1674: Formation as Régiment d'Heudicourt cavalerie
  • 1679: The last remaining company is incorporated into the Régiment de Vivans cavalerie
  • 1682: re-established as Régiment de Praslin cavalerie
  • August 28, 1693: The regiment became the property of Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon, comte de Toulouse , whose name it was to bear for 44 years as the Régiment de Toulouse cavalerie .
  • December 7, 1737: After the death of the previous regiment holder, the Comte de Toulouse, the regiment passed to his son, Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, duc de Penthièvre , and was renamed the Régiment de Penthièvre cavalerie . It was to bear this name until December 31, 1790.
  • December 1, 1761: Increase by incorporation of the Régiment d'Escars cavalerie
  • May 7th, 1776: By order of March 25th, the unit was converted into a dragoon regiment and from then on was called Régiment de Penthièvre dragons . At the same time, the 2nd Escadron de chasseurs was incorporated into the "Légion de Condé". In the ranking of the regiments, the unit was now number 14.
  • January 1, 1791: renamed 8 e régiment de dragons
  • June 18, 1811: Together with six other dragoon regiments, the 8th was converted into a Regiment Chevaulegers- lanciers and was assigned the designation 3 e régiment de chevau-légers lanciers .
  • 1814: After the restoration , it was renamed "Régiment du Dauphin" (3 e lanciers). The remains of the 22 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval and the 7th Escadron des 2 e chevau-légers de la Garde were incorporated.
  • 1815: After the rule of the Hundred Days it was dissolved.
  • 1816: re-established as Régiment des dragons du Rhône
  • 1825: Conversion into the 8 e régiment de cuirassiers and reorganization of the "8 e régiment de dragons"
  • 1940: After the Compiègne armistice , it was assigned to the army of the Vichy government .
  • 1942: After the occupation of the previously free France by the German Wehrmacht ( Anton company ), the regiment was dissolved and the relatives joined the Maquis .
  • 1944: re-erection
  • 1945: The "1 er régiment de spahis marocains", which had fought against the Allies in Syria and Morocco as part of the Vichy Army, was dissolved and used to re-establish the "8 e régiment de dragons".
  • 1964: Resolution and parts of four e régiment de hussards re-erected
  • 1977: dissolution
On the left, standard-bearer officer of the Penthièvre-dragons

Regimental commanders

Mestre de camp was the rank designation for the regimental owner and / or the actual commander. Should the mestre de camp be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the mestre de camp lieutenant (or Mestre de camp en second). The name "Colonel" was used from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803, from 1793 to 1803 the name Chef de brigade was used . From 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

  • March 1, 1674: Michel Sublet, marquis d'Heudicourt
  • 1679: Dissolution, only one remaining company was incorporated into the Régiment de Vivans cavalerie .
  • 1682: re-established as Régiment de Praslin cavalerie
  • August 20, 1688: Jean-Baptiste Gaston de Choiseul-Praslin, comte d'Hôtel
  • November 15, 1693: Lieutenant Colonel Antoine d'Aix de La Chaise, comte de Souternon
  • February 1, 1702: Louis Jean-Baptiste de Goyon-Matignon, comte de Gacé
  • September 22, 1706: Armand Louis de Vignerot du Plessis d'Aiguillon , marquis de Richelieu, comte d'Agenois
  • March 27, 1714: Louis d'Estourmel du Frétoy, marquis d'Estourmel
  • October 18, 1734: Marquis d'Hautefort d'Ajat
  • November 23, 1736: Sébastien de Poilvilain de Montaigut, marquis de Crénay, comte de Montaigu
  • January 1, 1748: Viscount de Castellane
  • July 3, 1753: Henri de Lur d'Uza, comte de Saluces
  • January 3, 1770: Michel Louis Marie, marquis de Beuzeville
  • March 2, 1773: Conrad-Adolphe-Louis de Lardenois de Ville
  • April 8, 1779: Mathieu, marquis de Montholon
  • April 13, 1788: Jean, comte du Authier
  • November 23, 1791: François du Bouzet de Monjoye
  • July 28, 1792: Jean Thomas Scelles de la Mothe
  • August 31, 1793: Charles Hubert de Gaignières
  • July 8, 1794: Jean Louis Falque
  • August 18, 1796: Jacques Louis François Millet
  • December 3, 1800: Louis Bockler (or Beckler, killed in battle near Nasielsk in 1806 )
  • 1806: Alexandre Louis Robert Girardin d'Ermenonville
  • 1811: Alexandre Lebrun de Plaisance (died October 26, 1812)
  • 1813: Charles Joseph Hatry
  • 1814: Eugène-Gabriel-Louis-Texier d'Hautefeuille
  • 1815: Colonel Charles François Martigue
  • 1823: Pierre-Jacques Saint-Geniès
  • 1865–1869: Colonel Xavier de Lagoutte du Vivier
  • 1907: Louis Conneau
  • 1939: Colonel Cuny (September 3, 1939 to May 15, 1940)
  • 1940: Commandant Kuntz (May 15, 1940 to May 26, 1940, killed in action near Phalempin)
  • August 30, 1940 to November 20, 1941: Colonel Pierre Armand Marie Robert Olleris
  • 1955: Simon Y.
  • 1963: paramelle
  • 1964: Mercier
  • 1966: Colomb
  • 1968: Perier
  • 1970: Delmotte
  • 1972: Perrey
  • 1974: Mialet
  • 1976: Lieutenant-colonel Georges Delclève

Uniforms

  • Régiment de Penthièvre cavalerie 1740 to 1757

  • Régiment de Penthièvre cavalerie 1757 to 1762

  • Régiment de Penthièvre cavalerie 1762 to 1767

  • Régiment de Penthièvre cavalerie 1767 to 1776

  • Régiment de Penthièvre dragons 1776 to 1779

  • Régiment de Penthièvre dragons 1779 to 1786

  • Régiment de Penthièvre dragons 1786 to 1791

  • 8 e régiment de dragons after 1791

  • 3 e régiment de chevau-légers lanciers 1811

Standards

The six royal standards were made of red silk with gold embroidery and gold fringes.

  • Regiment de Toulouse Cavalerie

  • Regiment de Toulouse Cavalerie

  • Régiment de Penthièvre cavalerie

  • Régiment de Penthièvre cavalerie

  • 1st Escadron 1791 to 1793

  • 2nd Escadron 1793 to 1794

  • 3rd Escadron 1794 to 1804

  • Regimental standard 1804 to 1811

  • Regimental standard 1883 to 1977

Garrisons

Mission history

Dutch War (1672 to 1678)

The regiment was used for the first time on the Saar , fought in 1675 in the battle of the Konzer Bridge , the following year in the battle near Kokersberg , in 1677 in the siege of Freiburg and in 1678 in the battle near Rheinfeld . During the siege of Kehl it was tasked with guarding the bridge at Altenheim . After the peace of Nijmegen the regiment was dismissed, only one company was hired in the Régiment de Vivans cavalerie.

Reunion War (1683 to 1684)

  • 1682: The regiment was re-established under the name Régiment de Praslin cavalerie and was in the field camp on the Saar the following year.
  • 1684: Used in the siege of Luxembourg

War of the Palatinate Succession (1688 to 1697)

After the end of the war, the regiment was transferred to the Compiègne camp in 1698.

War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714)

Free time (1713 to 1733)

Between 1713 and 1733 the regiment was housed in various camps, for example in 1727 on the Sambre and 1730 on the upper Meuse.

War of the Polish Succession (1733-1738)

  • 1733: Assigned to the army in Italy, the unit took part in almost all sieges, including the Battle of Parma and the Battle of Guastalla . Ordered back to France in September 1736, the regiment moved into a garrison in Arras.
The Duc de Penthièvre, regiment owner over 53 years

War of the Austrian Succession (1740 to 1748)

  • 1741: Committed to the army in Bohemia, "Penthièvre" took part in the capture of Prague, the battles at Pissek and Sahay and in the defense of Prague .
  • 1743: Back in France, the regiment in Verdun was replenished and assigned to the Armée du Rhin (Rhine Army). Used in the Battle of Dettingen , it ended the campaign in Lower Alsace and moved to Caen for the winter.
  • 1744: Participation in the fighting in Flanders, Menen (Belgium) , Ypres and Veurne . In the same year he returned to Alsace with fighting in pursuit of the imperial troops across the Rhine and the siege of Freiburg.
  • 1745: Again in Flanders with use in the battle of Fontenoy and in various sieges
  • 1746: Participation in the siege of Brussels and the battle of Roucoux
  • 1747/1748: In March 1747 "Penthièvre" was in Rennes and moved to Guingamp the following year in order to protect the coast of Brittany against possible English landings.

Free time (1747 to 1757)

Until the beginning of the Seven Years' War the regiment was in various garrisons, for example in Saint-Omer (Pas-de-Calais) in 1750 , in Argentan in 1751 , in Lille in 1752 , in Camp d'Aimerie in 1753 and in Sainte-Menehould , and in Givet in 1755 (Ardennes) , 1756 in Brive and 1757 in Haguenau .

Seven Years War (1756 to 1763)

In the Battle of Rossbach the regiment suffered heavy losses, it lost a standard, the Mestre de camp Comte de Saluces was taken prisoner, the Lieutenant Colonel de Scéapeaux and 13 other officers were seriously wounded. Ordered back to France in January 1758, it was only used for surveillance tasks on the coast during the war.

Free time (1763 to 1792)

Garrisons: 1763 in Calais and Colmar , 1765 in Stenay , 1769 in Toul , 1772 in Pont-à-Mousson , 1774 in Maubeuge , 1776 in Stenay , 1777 in Pontivy (from here a mounted escadron went to Quimper and an escadron on foot to Belle-Île detached). At the beginning of the American War of Independence in 1779 it was in Quimper and Rosporden , 1780 in Fécamp and Bayeux , 1781 in Hesdin , 1784 in Béthune , 1787 in Ardres , 1788 in Cambrai and in Camp de Saint-Omer, 1789 in Roermond, Clermont and Roanne , then in Vienne (Isère) and Lyon and in 1791 in Tarascon .

Wars of the Revolution and the First Empire

Campaign in Russia

  • 1812: Assigned to the "Corps d'observation de l'Elbe" (observation corps on the Elbe), the regiment took part in the campaign to Russia . The regimental commander, Colonel Lebrun, fell on October 26, 1812.

Campaigns in Germany and France

Campaign in Belgium

1815 to 1870

Franco-Prussian War 1870 to 1871

  • After it got its name back as the 8 e régiment de dragons , it went to war against Germany. It fought in the Battle of Colombey and the Battle of Gravelotte , was then enclosed with the Bazaine's army in Metz and had to surrender with them.
An escadron of the regiment fought on November 26, 1870 in battle near Lorcy (Loire).

1871 to 1914

The regiment was then set up again and was part of the "Armée versaillaise" (Versailles Army) during the Paris Commune in the suppression of the uprising in the so-called Bloody Week .

First World War

The regiment was used in the Battle of the Marne and then had to surrender the horses. Until the end of the war, the dragoons fought in trenches.

When in 1918 the Germans attacked again massively with the company Michael , the Dragoons with the 2nd Division were with the troops that were thrown against the onslaught at Amiens. Then they fought in Flanders and on the Aisne.

Second World War

  • 1940: In February 1940 the cavalry divisions were converted into light cavalry divisions (Divisions légères de cavalerie - DLC) and assigned to the brigade of the 4th Light Cavalry Division. This division was to operate as part of the 9th Army in the Ardennes as part of the Dyle Plan, according to which the banks of the Meuse between Fort de Dave and Yvoir were to be occupied first, and then, crossing the river, the advance of the left wing of the Army cover.
When the German attack began in May 1940, the regiment consisted of four cavalry escadrons and a heavy horse-drawn escadron with a total of 900 men and 1200 horses. Between May 10 and May 24, it was smashed during the fighting in Belgium and France. 15% of the staff were missing, 50% were taken prisoners of war.
On May 24th the regiment was refreshed and equipped with Hotchkiss H-35 and Hotchkiss H-39 tanks. It was assigned to the "7 e division légère mécanique" (7th light mechanized division), which had emerged from the 4th light cavalry division.
The regiment's 42 main battle tanks were lost during the fighting in early June 1940. On June 16, the regiment ceased to exist due to a lack of personnel and material.
  • 1941: Re-established and assigned to the Vichy government's armistice army. Garrison in Issoire .
  • 1944: Participation in the liberation of Autun
  • 1945: Participation in the invasion of Alsace and southern Germany. On May 8, the unit reached at Constance the Bodensee .

post war period

The delegation of the "Center sportif d'équitation militaire" as a traditional association with the flag of the regiment at the parade on July 14, 2013 in Paris

From 1946 to 1952 the regiment was garrisoned in Poitiers and then moved to Saarburg . In October 1956 it was used again during the Suez Crisis .

The final dissolution took place in 1977, the barracks was taken over on July 1, 1977 by the "61 e régiment d'artillerie".

currency

Terraque, marique (earth and sea)

Où passe le vent, quand le diable y perdrait la queue, le 8 ° Dragon passera

"(Even if the wind is so strong that the devil loses his tail, the 8th Dragoons can get through.)"

Awards

The flag ribbon is decorated with

  • the Croix de guerre 1914-1918 with two palm branches for two honorable mentions in the army report and a gold-plated star for a special mention in the corps report
  • the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 with a silver star for an honorable mention in the divisional report
  • the Fourragère des Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with the olive in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1939–1945

  • Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with two palm branches and a gilded star

  • Croix de guerre 1939–1945 with a silver star

Charles-Marie de Mac Mahon (in the regiment from 1871 to 1883) in the uniform of the standard bearer officer's uniform

Personalities who served in the regiment

Footnotes

  1. ↑ By order of December 1, 1761. In: François-Edme de Montandre-Lonchamps, Chevalier de Montandre, Jacques de Roussel: État militaire de France pour l'année 1762. 5th edition. Guillyn, Paris 1762, p. 380.
  2. ↑ Général Susane: Regiments des dragons de Penthièvre. Historique. In: Histoire de l'infanterie française. Librairie militaire J. Dumaine, Paris 1876. In: Ancestramil (PDF; 55 kB).
  3. ↑ Pierre Lemau de la Jaisse: Cinquième abrégé de la carte générale du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer. Depuis Novembre 1737 jusqu'en Décembre 1738. Gandouin et al., Paris 1739, OCLC 458013263 .
  4. ↑ Decision No. 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées . In: Bulletin officiel des armées. No. 27, November 9, 2007.
  5. ↑ today a district of Antwerp

literature

  • Lieutenant general François-Eugène de Vault: Mémoires militaires relatifs à la guerre d'Espagne sous Louis XIV. Volume 1. Imprimerie Royale, Paris 1835 ( full text in the Google book search).
  • Lieutenant général François-Eugène de Vault: Mémoires militaires relatifs à la guerre d'Espagne sous Louis XIV. Volume 2. Imprimerie Royale, Paris 1836 ( full text in Google book search).
  • Historique du 8 e regiment de dragons. Campaign 1914-1918. Berger-Levrault, Nancy / Paris / Strasbourg ( digitized on Gallica ).
  • Pierre Lemau de la Jaisse: Cinquième abrégé de la carte générale du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer. Depuis Novembre 1737 jusqu'en Décembre 1738. Gandouin et al., Paris 1739, OCLC 458013263 .
  • François-Edme de Montandre-Longchamps, Chevalier de Montandre, Jacques de Roussel: État militaire de France pour l'année 1762. 5th edition. Guillyn, Paris 1762 (see Etats militaires de France at www.1789-1815.com ).
  • M. Pinard: Chronologie historique-militaire. Volume 4 ( digitized version ), 5 ( digitized version ) and 7 ( digitized version ). Claude Hérissant, Paris 1761, 1762 and 1764.

Web links

Commons : Drapeaux du 8e régiment de dragons  - Collection of images, videos and audio files