3 e régiment de hussards

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Régiment Esterhazy houzards
3 e régiment de hussards

Insignia 3ème régiment de hussards.jpg

Internal association badge
Lineup 1764
Country Blason France modern.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Armed forces Flag of France.svg Armée française de terre
Branch of service cavalry
Type Armored reconnaissance regiment
Strength 850
Insinuation Franco-German Brigade
Location Metz (Caserne Séré-de-Rivières)
Patron saint St. George of Lydda
motto ' Il en vaut plus d'un'
Awards Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with a silver star

Croix de guerre 1939–1945 with a palm branch

commander
commander Lieutenant-colonel Rodolphe Hardy (since July 1, 2015)

The 3 e régiment de hussards - 3 e RH (3rd Hussar Regiment) is a tank reconnaissance regiment of the French Army and part of the Arme blindée et cavalerie . It is subordinate to the Franco-German Brigade .

Listed and renamed in chronological order

Esterhazy Husar (left).
  • 10 February 1764: Posing Régiment Esterházy Houzards
  • January 1, 1791: The regiments lost their names by decree and were only referred to by numbers. From then on the unit was called 3 e régiment de hussards
  • 1814: Renamed to: Hussards du Dauphin
  • 1815: In the course of the second restoration, renaming to: Hussards de la Moselle
  • 1825: Renamed to: 3 e régiment de hussards
  • 1939: When mobilizing , the regiment was to be divided into five reconnaissance groups:
15 e groupe de reconnaissance de corps d'armée (reconnaissance group of the 15th Army Corps)
16 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie (reconnaissance group of the 16th Infantry Division)
32 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie (reconnaissance group of the 32nd Infantry Division)
46 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie (reconnaissance group of the 46th Infantry Division)
94 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie (reconnaissance group of the 94th Infantry Division)
  • After the armistice, the unit belonged to the army of the Vichy regime and in Montauban took over its old name 3 e régiment de hussards
  • November 1942: After the Germans marched into the zone of unoccupied France ( Operation Anton ), the regiment was disbanded.
  • 1943 The Maquis de Sud-Ouest set up a Groupe d'escadrons du 3e régiment de Hussards .
  • January 1, 1945: The 3 e régiment de hussards are re-established in Nancy
  • 1962: Dissolution in Lunéville
  • February 1963: Re-establishment in Pforzheim as the successor to the 24 e régiment de spahis.
  • July 1996: move to Immendingen .
  • May 2011: Withdrawal from Immendingen and relocation to the “Caserne Séré-de-Rivières” in Metz.

Mestres de camp / Colonels / Chefs de brigade

Mestre de camp was the rank designation for the regimental owner and / or the actual commander. Should the Mestre de camp be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (e.g. the king or queen), the command was given to the Mestre de camp lieutenant (or Mestre de camp en second). The name Colonel was used from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803, from 1793 to 1803 the name Chef de brigade was used . From 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Ancien Régime

revolution

  • 1792: Colonel de Froissy de Brisson, Colonel Scheydt,
  • 1793: Chef de brigade de Karowe, de Bouchotte, Soultzmann,
  • 1794: Chef de brigade Lebrun de la Houssaye.

First empire

restoration

  • 1815: Colonel Sigismond du Pouget de Nadaillac,
  • 1823: Colonel de Burggraff, Colonel de Chambrun.

July Monarchy

  • 1839: Colonel Pelletier-Descarrières.

2nd republic

  • 1848: Colonel Genestet de Planhol,
  • 1853: Colonel Euzennou de Kersalaün.

Second empire

  • 1861: Colonel Tilliard.

3rd republic

  • 1870: Colonel Cramezel de Kerhué (July 16 - November 24, 1870)
  • from November 24, 1870: Colonel Viel de Lunas d'Espeuilles
  • 1875: Colonel Bergeron
  • 1876: Colonel Bohin
  • 1878: Colonel Renaudot
  • 1883: Colonel Besaucele
  • 1887: Colonel Raimond
  • 1892: Colonel Audren de Kerdrel
  • 1897: Colonel Lesné
  • 1898: Colonel Perez
  • 1906: Colonel d'Anglegean
  • 1906: Colonel Grelet
  • 1911: Colonel Lyautey
  • 1916: Colonel de Cougny-Prefelm
  • 1917: Colonel Moineville
  • 1919: Colonel Longin
  • 1919: Colonel Jobert
  • 1927: Colonel de Lescazes
  • 1931: Colonel de l'Escale
  • 1934: Colonel Gouraud
  • 1938: Colonel Azaïs
  • 1940: Colonel de Langle de Cary
  • 1941: Colonel Bourgouin.

IV Republic

  • 1944: Colonel Nérot,
  • 1946: Lieutenant-colonel Hurstel,
  • 1948: Lt-colonel DARU,
  • 1951: Lt-colonel de Kersauzon de Pennendref,
  • 1954: Lt-colonel Vignon,
AMX-10 RC of the 1997 regiment during SFOR near Sarajevo .

V. Republic

  • 1958: Lieutenant-colonel Michaud,
  • 1960: Colonel Dugué Mac-Carty,
  • 1962: Lieutenant-Colonel Poirier,
  • 1963: Lieutenant-colonel des Moutis,
  • 1965: Découverteolonel de Grasset,
  • 1967: Découverteolonel Sabouret,
  • 1969: Lieutenant-colonel Guichard,
  • 1971: Lieutenant-colonel Libault de la Chevasnerie,
  • 1973: Lieutenant-colonel Mailfait,
  • 1975: Lieutenant-colonel Grillot,
  • 1977: Lieutenant-colonel Guichard de Bisschop,
  • 1979: Lieutenant-colonel Savare,
  • 1981: Lieutenant-colonel de Ruffray,
  • 1983: Lieutenant-colonel Baudot,
  • 1985: Colonel Le Chatelier Découverte,
  • 1987: Lieutenant-colonel Celerier,
  • 1989: Colonel Lafontaine
  • 1991: Lieutenant-colonel Sommerlat
  • 1993: Lieutenant-Colonel Lefort
  • 1995: Lieutenant-Colonel Declety
  • 1997: Lieutenant-Colonel Pinget
  • 1999: Colonel Dell'Aria
  • 2001: Colonel Arnaud Sainte Claire Deville
  • 2003: Lieutenant-colonel Richoux,
  • 2005: Colonel Boyard,
  • 2007: Colonel Laurent,
  • 2009: Colonel Paris,
  • 2011: Colonel Rostain,
  • 2013: Colonel Bourdeau de Fontenay.
  • 2015: Colonel Hardy
  • 2017: Colonel Durand

Standard

The standard bears the names of the battles in which the regiment honored in gold letters. :

Etendard du 3e régiment de hussards.jpg
  • Valmy 1792
  • Iéna 1806
  • Eylau 1807
  • Friedland 1807
  • Montereau 1814
  • l'Ourcq 1914
  • Ypres 1914
  • La Marne 1918
  • AFN 1952-1962

Awards

Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914–1918

The standard is decorated:

  • with the Croix de guerre 1914-1918 (provided with a palm branch for an honorable mention in the army report)
  • with the Croix de guerre 1939–1945 (provided with a silver star for an honorable mention in the divisional report)
  • with the Fourragère 1914–1918: Order No. 153 F of June 8, 1918

“The regiment captured an enemy flag on September 10, 1914 and received an honorable mention in the army report for its excellent demeanor on June 1 and 2, 1918. It is permitted to use the Fourragère aux couleurs de la croix de guerre on the standard respectively."

  • There is also a banner of the state of Baden-Württemberg on the standard , awarded on January 15, 2001 to all units of the 10th Panzer Division that were in action in Bosnia and Kosovo.

Motto

' Il en vaut plus d'un'
It is worth more than just one (regiment)

history

Ancien Régime

On February 10, 1764, it was set up in Phalsbourg by the Hungarian Count Valentin Ladislas Esterhazy, with one escadron each from the three existing hussar regiments (Bercheny, Chamborant and Royal Nassau), as well as from Alsatian and German volunteers. The new regiment was named "d'Esterhazy Houzards".

Revolutionary Wars and the First Empire

On January 1, 1791, the names of the regiments were replaced by numbering. The former Esterhazy Houzards became the "3 e régiment de Hussards", and this number has been retained to this day.

It gained a reputation as an elite troop in the campaigns of the Revolution as part of the "Armée du Nord" (1792), the " Armée de la Moselle " (1793 to 1799) and the "Armée des Pyrénées orientales" (1793).

1792

1794

  • When setting up the "Armée du Nord"

During the Premier Empire , the regiment fought in Prussia and Spain, where it earned laurels.

1815 to 1848

After the first restoration it was named Hussards du Dauphin (Hussars of the heir to the throne) and after the second restoration the name Hussards de la Moselle (Moselle Hussars). In 1823 it took part in the French invasion of Spain .

Second empire

In the Second Empire it became the 3 e régiment de hussards again and was commanded to Algeria from 1861 to 1865 .

Back in France, it took part in the Franco-Prussian War , in which it was unable to distinguish itself.

1871-1914

During the time of the Paris Commune in 1871, the regiment was assigned to the "Armée versaillaise" (Versailles Army) and participated in the so-called "Bloody Week".

  • 1883–1906?: Garrison in Reims
  • 1912–1914: Garrison in the "Quartier Ordener" in Senlis

First World War

1914

Battle of the Ourcq

  • One of the regiment's first skirmishes took place on August 21, 1914

The Lieutenant d'Argenlieu, leader of the patrol reported:

“The Uhlans appeared at the exit and waved their lances , screaming . They were about 300 meters away, where they were in battle order across from us. I posted my hussars in a row behind me, I trembled with excitement, remembered my final exam at Saint-Cyr à Satory and shouted: To attack .... attack ! "

  • Capture of an enemy flag on September 9, 1914 (from the regiment diary)

On September 10, two horsemen of the regiment near Mont-l'Évêque were able to force 15 scattered infantrymen of the Thuringian Reserve Infantry Regiment No. 94 to surrender and captured the flag of the 2nd Battalion. The Capitaine Sonnois and the Maréchal-des-logis Noury ​​made four prisoners and brought the captured flag to Senlis .

Nevertheless, the standard of the regiment was not decorated with the Légion d'Honneur, instead the regiment was awarded the Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de Guerre 1914-1918.

Between September and November the regiment took part in the race to the sea . It was involved in heavy fighting at Roye ( Picardy ) between September 21 and 24 . In the battles near Arras and on the Yser , the hussars stood out in autumn. More fights followed between October 5th and 9th at Notre-Dame de Lorette, where a number of the members of the regiment were awarded. On October 14th, the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Escadron conquer the village of Riez-Bailleul, for which a commendation was given by the cavalry corps. On October 18, the regiments except for one escadron had to surrender their horses and continue fighting on foot.

After the intense fighting at Fournes on October 20, the regiment was completely exhausted and was placed in the division reserve. On November 2nd it was ordered to the Kemmelberg and took part in the attack on Messines .

Soon after the start of the war, the time of glorious cavalry attacks was over.

1915

No information is available for this year

1916

No information is available for this year

1917

On March 10, 1917, the regiment was made mounted again and was able to move into Noyon after various battles. The successful reconnaissance of the regiment, especially the 4th Escadron, allowed the start of an offensive. On March 23, the German lines could be fully explored by the hussars. However, the April 15 attack failed and the regiment returned to the trenches.

1918

On March 26, 1918, the German spring offensive began between Scarpe and Oise . The regiment covered 400 kilometers on horseback in four days. As part of the Corps Général Robillot , it fought against the heavy German attacks on the Kemmelberg between April 25 and 29. Without reinforcements, on its own, it ultimately had a high number of dead to mourn. When it was replaced on April 29th, it was congratulated by Général Robillot for this achievement.

From May 27, another German attack took place on the Ourcq . After a forced march, the hussars reached Nanteuil-le-Haudoin and were deployed immediately on June 2nd. In a counter-attack without artillery support, Lieutenant-Colonel Guérard was killed on the same day. When the regiment was withdrawn on June 3, the riders had not received any food for four days and still covered 200 kilometers.

On June 25, the regiment joined the "2 e corps de cavalerie" (2nd Cavalry Corps) and was deployed on the Marne in the Montmirail region from July 1.

On July 17 and 18, the Germans were driven out of the eastern part of Epernay by the hussars fighting on foot . Back on their feet, they followed the retreating and vehemently defending Germans on July 20.

Interwar period

On July 14, 1919, the Hussars took part in the victory parade in Paris , and on July 19 of the same year they paraded in front of the British King in London .

From 1919 to 1939 the regiment was garrisoned in Strasbourg

Second World War

In the case of mobilization, the cavalry troops were intended to provide reconnaissance groups for large units. When the war was declared, the regiment set up the following four reconnaissance units (Groupes de Reconnaissance):

  • 16 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie - 16 e GRDI (reconnaissance group of the 16th Infantry Division)
  • 32 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie - 32 e GRDI (reconnaissance group of the 32nd infantry division)
  • 46 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie - 46 e GRDI (Reconnaissance Group of the 46th Infantry Division)
  • 94 e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie - 94 e GRDI (reconnaissance group of the 94th Infantry Division)

Immediately ready for action, the regiment's units stood out for the entire duration of the war.

With an army order of September 2, 1940, signed by Général Weygand , the “16e groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie” (reconnaissance group of the 16th Infantry Division) was mentioned in praise: “During the retreat on the Oise to Vienne in the non-stop fighting of the "11e division d'infanterie" (11th Infantry Division) distinguished the group as the rearguard and secured its own movements in constant contact with the enemy, an excellent troop that honored the cavalry of France. "

After the armistice, the regiment belonged to the army of Vichy France and was garrisoned in Montauban.

1942

After the invasion of the German armed forces in the previously unoccupied France, the regiment was disbanded in the same year. His standard could be brought to safety.

Some of the regimental members joined the Maquis of Tarn and Garonne . Here they set up the Groupe d'escadrons du 3 e régiment de Hussards, which was then incorporated into the 1st Army of Général de Lattre de Tassigny after the Allies landed in Provence in August 19144 . The unit fought in the Vosges and Alsace . On January 1, 1945, the 3rd Hussar Regiment in Nancy, made up of maquisards and young recruits, was officially returned to service and was involved in the fighting until the end of the war. For its activities during the war, the regiment was awarded the Croix de guerre 1939-1945.

After 1945

After a short stay in the “Quartier Verlay” in Roanne , the regiment was transferred to Morocco in the spring of 1947 , where it was stationed in the “Quartier Bissey” in Meknès . It stayed here for eight months. It was then moved to the “Quartier Espagne” in Auch for a short time . At the beginning of 1949 it moved into the "Quartier Valazé" in Alençon garrison, where it was to remain for six years.

Once again destined for a stay in Morocco, the Hussars left Alençon on August 20, 1955 and took part in various operations to maintain security and order until the Algerian War of Independence broke out in 1958 . Until 1962 the hussars fought several skirmishes with rebel units. The return to France and the dissolution in Lunéville followed . As early as February 1963, the regiment in Pforzheim was set up again and replaced the 24 e Régiment de Spahis there. Belonging to the Forces Françaises en Allemagne , it was the reconnaissance regiment of the 3rd French Armored Division until 1968 and then that of the 2nd French Army Corps until 1990.

post war period

Allegations

Today the regiment belongs to the Franco-German Brigade. There it represents the "heavy" component of the brigade with its AMX-10 RC armored vehicles. The task of reconnaissance within the brigade is the responsibility of the 4th company of Jägerbataillon 291 , for which the regiment took over the sponsorship when the battalion was set up in 2010.

Between 1963 and 1996 the hussars were stationed in Pforzheim and then until 2011 in Immendingen in the Oberfeldwebel Schreiber barracks. After the brigade was rebuilt, Metz has been the new garrison since 2011. Here it followed the dissolved "2 e régiment du génie" (2nd pioneer regiment) in the Caserne Séré-de-Rivières

composition

  • 3 armored reconnaissance squads
  • 1 support squadron
  • 1 staff and supply squadron
  • 1 reserve intervention squadron (consisting of reservists only)

assignments

  • According to the task of the light cavalry: reconnaissance and reconnaissance, security tasks within the brigade, defense against attacks and counter-attacks.
  • Participation in peace and / or security missions
  • Participation in humanitarian missions (Bosnia 1997, New Caledonia 1999)
  • In 2004 the regiment was active in the following countries:
Chad , Côte d'Ivoire , Lebanon , Cameroon , Afghanistan .
  • In 2007 a first engagement followed with the 3rd Escadron in Djibouti

vehicles

The regiment has the following types of vehicles:

garrison

Caserne Séré-de-Rivières, 2 avenue de Blida, 57044 METZ.

literature

  • Mélanie Benard-Crozat: 3rd regiment de hussards . Ed. Esprit com ', Denguin 2014, ISBN 978-2-9543989-2-1 (250 ans d'un régiment d'exception - Esterhazy Houzards).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Change of command
  2. ↑ This reconnaissance group does not seem to have been set up by this regiment, as it is not mentioned anywhere later in connection with the regiment
  3. ↑ Décision n ° | 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 septembre 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées. In: Bulletin officiel des armées. No. 27, November 9, 2007.
  4. ↑ Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 on the drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, on November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie.
  5. ↑ Cavalry barracks were called "quarters"
  6. ^ Jean-Louis Larcade: Les drapeaux allemands perdus en 14-18. In: Uniformes. No. 45 (septembre-octobre) 1978, p. 19.
  7. ↑ This mileage should be classified as unrealistic, a horse simply cannot do it!
  8. ↑ Resistance fighters (of the Maquis)
  9. ↑ Le 3e Régiment de Hussard prévu à Metz in 2011