Royal-Piémont Cavalerie Regiment

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Régiment Royal-Piémont cavalerie
14 e régiment de cavalerie

Roy Piémont cav 1739 av.png

Royal standard of the regiment
active 1671 to 1803
Country Blason France modern.svg Flag of France.svg France
Armed forces Blason France modern.svg Flag of France.svg french army
Armed forces cavalry
Type regiment
Location Lille
Patron saint St. George
commander
commander last: Chef de brigade Gaspard Thierry
Important
commanders

Mestre de camp chevalier Prosper de Lucinge

The Régiment Royal-Piémont cavalerie (last as 14 e régiment de cavalerie ) was a regiment of heavy cavalry, established in the Kingdom of France during the Ancien Régime . It was still in service during the First Republic and the French Consulate .

Lineup and significant changes

  • August 9, 1671: Establishment of the Régiment de Piémont cavalerie
  • 1679: incorporation of the personal company of the reduced Régiment Royal-Picardie cavalerie
  • May 6, 1690: Renamed the Régiment Royal-Piémont cavalerie
  • December 1, 1761: Incorporation of the Régiment de Talleyrand cavalerie
  • January 1, 1791: Renamed 14 e régiment de cavalerie
  • 1803: incorporation of the 3rd escadron of the 20th e régiment de cavalerie
  • September 24, 1803: Conversion into the 23 e régiment de dragons

Furnishing

Royal standards

Made of blue silk with gold embroidery and gold-plated fringes.

  • Régiment Royal-Piémont cavalerie, obverse

  • Roy Piémont cav 1739 av.png
  • Roy Piémont cav rev.png

  • (During the Seven Years War)

  • (During the Seven Years War)

Uniformity

  • 1740 to 1757

  • 1757 to 1762

  • 1762 to 1767

  • 1767 to 1776

  • 1776 to 1786

  • 1786 to 1791

  • 14 e régiment de cavalerie from 1791 to 1803

Mestres de camp-lieutenants, colonels-lieutenants and colonels

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1790 the rank designation for the regiment holder and / or the actual commander of a cavalry regiment. Should the mestre de camp be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the “mestre de camp lieutenant” (or “ Mestre de camp en second ”). The name Colonel was used from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803. From 1793 to 1803, the French army also used the term Chef de brigade for cavalry . From 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

  • August 9, 1671: Prosper, then chevalier comte de Lucinge, Maréchal de camp on July 30, 1652, † before 1680
  • 1677: Baron de Saint-Joire
  • March 20, 1678: Joseph Philippe de Saint-Martin d'Aglié, marquis de Rivaroles
  • May 10, 1690: Joachim Louis de Montaigut, marquis de Bouzols
  • October 25, 1705: Marquis de Manicamp
Mestre de camp lieutenant Alexandre de Lameth
  • October 6, 1723: Charles Théodore Desforges de Germinon
  • 3rd July 1725: Comte then duc de La Feuillade
  • June 20, 1735: Hugues René Timoléon de Brissac, comte de Cossé
  • August 1744: Legendre de Collandre
  • November 15, 1752: Charles Joachim Rouault, comte de Cayeux, then marquis de Gamaches
  • 1762: Charles Daniel de Talleyrand-Périgord , comte de Talleyrand
  • January 3, 1770: Louis Marie Anne, baron de Talleyrand-Périgord
  • February 26, 1777: Jean Laurent de Durfort-Civrac, duc de Lorges
  • March 10, 1788: Alexandre Théodore Victor , chevalier de Lameth
  • March 25, 1788: Maximilien Gabriel Louis de Béthune, duc de Sully
  • July 25, 1791: Colonel Barthélémy Simon François de La Farelle
  • October 27, 1792: Colonel Maré Dazincourt
  • April 30, 1796: Chef de brigade Grieu
  • May 4, 1798: Chef de brigade Wolff
  • November 20, 1799: Chef de brigade Merlin
  • 8 December 1800: Chef de brigade Gaspard Thierry

history

Wars in which the regiment participated:

The regiment was set up in Turin in 1670 by the Duke of Savoy and immediately handed over to the French King Louis XIV , who was in the process of assembling his troops for the campaign against the Netherlands (Dutch War). The mestre de camp as regiment owner should be the Duke of Savoy and the actual commanders - i.e. the mestre de camp lieutenants - should be determined by him. The regiment was then brought to France by the Comte de Lucinge and the Baron-Saint Jore as his successor and classified here as a foreign regiment. To complete it, Catholic officers and soldiers who emigrated from England were incorporated immediately.

It followed in 1672 the participation in the conquest of Holland with the siege of Maastricht and in 1674 the battle of Seneffe under the Prince de Condé .

The regiment served on the Dutch border until the end of the war and was reduced to an escadron in 1678 . Although this consisted exclusively of French, it remained the body cadron and thus the property of the Duke of Savoy.

After the siege of Luxembourg (1684) , the regiment was re-established at an unknown time. However, there is evidence that it was operational in 1688.

When the War of the Palatinate Succession broke out, the Duke of Savoy switched to the side of the opponents of Louis XIV. For this reason, the regiment was drafted by the king, in particular there were hardly any foreigners left except for its owner.

On May 6, 1690, it was named "Régiment Royal-Piémont cavalerie". Mestre de camp and regiment owner was now the king himself. In the battle of Fleurus it already lived up to its new name, the Mestre de camp lieutenant, the Marquis de Bouzols was wounded at the head of his troops, the horse under him was killed.

  • 1691: Battle at Leuze-en-Hainaut
  • 1692: Battle of Steenkerke , skirmishes near Namur and Charleroi
  • 1693: Campaign in Germany
  • 1694–1695: Campaign in Flanders
  • 1696: Campaign in Piémont, siege of Valencia
  • 1697: Campaign on the coast of Flanders. At the siege of Ath .

In 1698 the regiment was in the Compiègne camp .

During the War of the Spanish Succession, the company was relocated to Flanders with a battle near Nijmegen in 1702. The following year, march to Germany with participation in the capture of Kehl , Breisach and Landau (Palatinate) , as well as the Battle of the Speyerbach .

In Alsace it was replenished and sent back to Flanders, where it remained until 1713, when it was commanded to the Rhine .

In 1727 it was in the "Camp de la Sambre" and from 1730 to 1732 in the "Camp de la Saône"

During the War of the Polish Succession, the unit was transferred to the “Armée d'Italie” (Italian Army) and was involved in the conquest of Lombardy around Milan in 1734 .

The battles at Gonzaga , Reggiolo , Revere and a detour to Trentino followed in 1735 . In July it returned to France and took peace quarters in Bayeux .

Called up again in the Austrian War of Succession in 1741, it was assigned to the "Armée du Bas-Rhin" (Lower Rhine Army). From Givet it moved to Linnich on September 3rd , where it moved into winter quarters. From there it was relocated to Eggenfelden on the border with Bohemia , where it excelled in defending the place. In July 1743 he returned to France and was stationed in Lower Alsace.

The Prince de Conti

Assigned to the Prince de Conti's army in 1744 , it operated in the Maritime Alps and Provence . Participation in the conquest of the county of Nice . Participation in the battles at Cuneo , Piacenza and in Val Tidone (valley of the Tidone, near Piacenza).

In 1748 it took part in the campaign in Flanders and was stationed in various cities after the end of the war. Maubeuge 1749, Joigny 1750, Mézières and Charleville 1751, Bourges 1752 and Belfort 1754, 1755 in the "Camp de Richemont-sur-Moselle", then moved to the "Camp Chateaudun" and to Vendôme , in 1757 to Valenciennes and Vervins . With the beginning of the Seven Years' War, people moved to Liège , Westphalia and the Electorate of Hanover .

In 1759 it fought near Korbach , in 1760 in the Battle of Warburg and the Battle of Kampen Monastery , and in 1761 in the Battle of Vellinghausen and in the battle near Westhoven .

Then the withdrawal to Liège followed. Until the beginning of the Revolutionary Wars, the regiment was no longer used.

The garrisons changed constantly in the following years: 1763 Rocroi , 1764 Schlettstadt , 1766 Maubeuge, 1768 Niort , 1771 Carcassonne , 1774 Verdun , 1777 Nevers, 1779 Charleville, 1780 Sedan , 1783 Nevers, 1788 Melun and Provins . At the end of 1788 it was spread over the canton of Charenton-le-Pont and the city of Villejuif for several weeks . In 1789 it was moved to Nevers and Montargis and then to Colmar , where it remained until May 1792.

Général Custine

This year it was renamed “14 e régiment de cavalerie”. It was assigned to the army of Général Custine and initially used as a garrison force in Mainz in 1793 .

It then served in the Western Army and in Germany and took part in the last campaigns of the century in Switzerland and Italy.

After the peace treaty of Amiens it was in garrison in Pignerol , Avignon and Lyon, where the remnants of the 3rd escadron of the "20th e régiment de cavalerie" were incorporated.

At the end of the consulate , the regiment was converted into a dragoon regiment on September 24, 1803 and was given the name "23 e régiment de dragons"

Footnotes

  1. ^ Ordonnance du 1er décembre 1761, État militaire de France pour l'année 1762 , p. 380.
  2. ↑ Cinquième abrégé général du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer , Lemau de la Jaisse, Paris, 1739

literature

  • Cinquième abrégé de la carte du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer (Depuis novembre 1737, jusqu'en décembre 1738) , Lemau de la Jaisse, Paris 1739
  • État militaire de France pour l'année 1762 , by MM. Montandre-Longchamps, chevalier de Montandre, et de Roussel, cinquième édition, chez Guyllin, Paris 1762
  • État militaire de France pour l'année 1765 , by MM. Montandre-Longchamps, chevalier de Montandre, et de Roussel, septième édition, chez Guyllin, Paris
  • Chronique historique-militaire , Pinard, tomes 3, 4, 5 et 7, Paris 1761, 1761, 1762 et 1764
  • Général de brigade Philippe Peress 31, rue Hoche 49400 Saumur . (fr.)
  • Musée des Blindés ou Association des Amis du Musée des Blindés 1043, route de Fontevraud, 49400 Saumur. (fr.)

Web links