13 e régiment de dragons parachutistes
Régiment de Barbezières dragons |
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Internal association badge |
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Lineup | October 4, 1676 |
Country | France |
Armed forces | French armed forces |
Armed forces | Armée française de terre |
Branch of service | Air landing |
Type | Reconnaissance Regiment |
Strength | 707 |
Location | Camp de Souge ( Martignas-sur-Jalle ) |
Patron saint | Maurice d'Agaune |
motto | "Au-delà du possible" |
Awards |
Croix de guerre 1940–45 with a palm branch Croix de la Valeur militaire with three palm branches Gold medal of the city of Milan |
The 13 e régiment de dragons parachutistes (or 13 e RDP ) is a parachute telephoto regiment of the "Forces spéciales" (special forces) of the French army , since 2002 subordinate to the Commandement des forces spéciales terrestres (command of the land special forces) in Pau .
Lineup and significant changes
- October 4, 1676 : The “de gentilhommes” regiment is set up in Languedoc by the Marquis de Barbezières with 22 companies of 60 dragoons each.
- 1714 : Renamed the Régiment des dragons de Goesbriand . Incorporation of the "Régiment de Parpaille dragons" and parts of the "Régiment de Gauchez dragons" and "Régiment de Chatillon dragons" on October 3rd.
- December 12, 1724 : Renamed the Régiment de dragons de Condé
- 1744 : Renamed the Régiment de Bartillat dragons
- 1774 : Renamed the Régiment de Comté-de-Provence dragons , and in the same year the Régiment de dragons de Monsieur .
- 1791 : renamed to 13 e régiment de dragons (ci-devant de Monsieur)
- 1793 : renamed 13 e régiment de dragons
- 1815 : dissolution
- 1855 : Re-established as the Régiment de dragons de l'Impératrice of the Guard impériale .
- 1870 : Renamed to 13 e régiment de dragons
- 1936 : Conversion into a tank regiment with Somua S-35 and Hotchkiss H-35
- 1940 : Dissolution after the regiment suffered 90% losses
- 1944 : reorganization
- 1946 : dissolution
- 1948 : reorganization
- 1952 : Conversion into a parachute regiment with the designation 13 e régiment de dragons parachutistes
- 1955 : Relocation to Algeria and participation in the Algerian War until 1961
- 1963 : Garrison in Dieuze . Conversion into a long-distance regiment
- 2011 : Relocation to the "Camp de Souge" in Martignas-sur-Jalle ( Gironde department )
Mestres de camp / Colonels / Chefs de brigade
Mestre de camp was the rank designation for the regimental owner and / or the actual commander. Should the Mestre de camp be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the Mestre de camp lieutenant (or Mestre de camp en second). The name Colonel was used from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803, from 1793 to 1803 the name Chef de brigade was used . From 1791 there were no more regimental owners.
Ancien Régime
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Revolution and Empire
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Colonels who died or were wounded as commanders during this period:
- Colonel de Broc: Wounded in the Battle of Austerlitz on December 2nd, 1805
- Colonel Reise wounded: March 1810, August 11 and August 15, 1812
- Colonel Monginot: Wounded August 22, 1813 and died from his injuries on September 8
Number of officers wounded or killed between 1805 and 1815:
- Liked: 7
- Died from the wounds: 1
- Wounded: 54
restoration
- February 6, 1814: Colonel Pierre Joseph comte de Ligniville
2nd republic and 2nd empire
- May 22, 1856: Colonel François Stanislas Crespin.
- March 7, 1861: Colonel Louis Eugène Léonce comte Pajol
- February 18, 1865: Colonel Félix Massue
- December 19, 1868: Colonel Simon Antoine Eugène Sautereau-Dupart
3rd republic
- 1870: Lothe
- April 24, 1871: Colonel Denis Eugène Alfred Barrault de la Motte.
- May 27, 1876: Colonel Louis Joseph Armand Elzéar Alban de Villeneuve-Barguemon.
- December 5, 1878: Colonel Georges Humann
- July 11, 1882: Colonel Jean Louis Léon Letenneur
- January 29, 1883: Colonel Gustave Frédéric Lacoste de Lisle
- April 15, 1890: Lieutenant-colonel commandant Arthur Marie Joseph Bouassier de
Bernouis
- December 29, 1890: Colonel Jacques Henri Jean de Ganay
- July 9, 1893: Colonel Théodule Alfred Meriadec de Cleric
- March 2, 1898: Colonel Paul Frédéric Emmanuel Durand de Villers
- October 1, 1902: Colonel Angèle Edmé Raoul Simon Thil
- June 24, 1906: Colonel Charles Prosper François Labit
- December 31, 1910: Colonel Pierre Henri Jehan de la Tour
First World War
- August 1, 1914: Colonel Alexandre Henri Marie de Laccercamplong
- January 5, 1915: Colonel Marius Hippolyte Ferdinand Larroque
- October 10, 1918: Lieutenant-colonel Jean Joseph Vuillier
Interwar period
- January 15, 1919: Lieutenant-colonel Jean Emile Oscar Bouchez
- April 25, 1919: Colonel Jean François Henri Gustave de Gail
- March 25, 1920: Colonel Auguste Joseph Edouard Dugue Mac Carthy
- September 22, 1920: Colonel Georges Patissier
- July 28, 1923: Colonel Jean Marie Roger Cadiot
- August 6, 1925: Jean Léonce Perrot du Varnay
- March 6, 1931: Colonel Jean Baptiste Théodore Bret
- March 7, 1934: Colonel Marie André de la Forgue de Bellegarde
- October 2, 1935: Colonel Frédéric Jean Marie Bizot-Espiard
- November 23, 1936: Lieutenant-colonel commandant Jean Marie Isengart
- February 6, 1939: Lieutenant-colonel Jean René Marie Juin de Baissé
Second World War
- 1939 and 1940: Lieutenant-colonel Juin de Baissé
- 1944: Georges Lesage
4th republic
- 1948: Henry
- 1952: Roland
- 1954: Eric Audemard d'Alançon
- 1956: Pallu
5th Republic
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Mission history
Dutch War
- 1676 : With the army in Flanders
- 1677 to 1678 : Under the command of François de Créquy with the army in Germany
- 1679 : Reduction to four companies of 144 dragoons each
- 1681 : capture of Casal
Reunion War
- 1683 : in the field camp on the Saar
- 1684 : fighting in Flanders
War of the Palatinate Succession 1688 to 1697
- 1688 : With the army on the Rhine and Moselle , fighting near Freiburg im Breisgau
- 1690 : Under the command of Nicolas de Catinat in Italy, participation in the Battle of Staffarda on August 18th, battle on the Schüss
- 1691 : Transfer to Flanders for the army of Maréchal de France François-Henri de Montmorency-Luxembourg
- 1692: The regiment fought with four escadrons in the battle of Steenkerke , the commander Mestre de camp Marquis de Fimarcon died here.
- 1693/1694 : Fighting in Flanders, siege of Huy (Belgium) , battle of Neer winds , siege of Charleroi (with three escadrons - 12 companies of 40 dragoons each), capture of Dixmuide and Dieuze , siege of Brussels
- 1695 : on the Meuse ,
- 1696: in Flanders
- 1697: Relocation with 16 companies of 30 dragoons each to the army in Italy under the command of Nicolas de Catinat
War of the Spanish Succession 1701-1714
- 1701/1702 : Overcoming of Cremona on January 31, 1702, in which the corps was able to distinguish itself, Battle of Luzarra on August 15 under the command of Louis II. Joseph de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme (12 companies of 100 dragoons each )
Camisards
- 1703/1704 : Fighting under Claude-Louis-Hector de Villars in the Cevennes against the Camisards
War of the Spanish Succession
- 1704: Back in Italy under the command of Vendôme.
- 1706 : Battle of Calcinato , capture of Asti, Battle of Turin
- 1707 : in the Camp des Sablons
- 1712 : With the army in Piedmont . Battle at Villa Noveta
- 1713 : Under Villars in Germany, siege of Landau and Freiburg im Breisgau
- 1716 : Reduced to 8 companies of 30 dragoons each
Quadruple Alliance War
- 1719 : Reinforced on three escadrons with 12 companies, transferred to the army in Spain under James Fitzjames, 1st Duke of Berwick . Siege of Pontarabie, San Sebastián and La Seu d'Urgell .
- 1722 : Garrisons in Lorraine
- 1727 : In the Camp de la Sambre
War of the Polish Succession
- 1733 : Increase to four escadrons with 16 companies of 35 dragoons each, 10 of them on foot. With the army of Berwick on the Rhine.
- 1734: Siege of Philippsburg, battle near Ettlingen and battle near Klausen
War of the Austrian Succession
- 1741/1742 : fighting in Flanders
- 1743 : Under Noailles with the army in Germany (5 escadrons with 15 companies). The regiment was destroyed in the battle of Dettingen .
- 1744 : Re-established with the army in Flanders under the Maréchal de Saxe , during the siege of Menen and Ypres
- 1745 : Participation in the Battle of Fontenoy , capture of Ghent , siege of Dendermonde , Ostend , Ath Brussels and Namur .
- 1746 : Participation in the Battle of Raucoux
- 1747 : Siege of Bergen op Zoom
- 1748 : Siege of Maastricht . After the end of the war, there was a reduction to two escadrons (12 companies - eight mounted, two on foot - each with 30 dragoons)
- July 11, 1753 : Personnel strength when handing over the regiment to Charles Louis René marquis de Marreuf: four escadrons of four companies of 40 dragoons each, including officers
Seven Years War
- 1756 : Garrison in Paramé
- April 11, 1758 : Battle at St. Caast
- 1759 to 1762 : Patrol services on the coast of Brittany. In the same year, reduced to four escadrons of four companies each
- 1772 : The strength of the regiment was 3 escadrons of 4 companies each, a total of 384 men and 288 horses.
- February 20, 1774 : The regiment took on the name "Dragons de Monsieur" and was placed at number 7 in the army's ranking.
- 1776 : Stock: 4 escadrons of 100 dragoons each, plus a depotescadron and an escadron "Chasseurs à cheval" (hunters on horseback, hived off again on January 29, 1779)
- 1788 : Inventory: 3 escadrons of 2 companies of 3 officers and 91 men each
- 1790 : Participation in the suppression of the mutiny in Nancy
- 1791 : Regimental strength: 3 escadrons, each with 2 companies (28 officers, 411 riders, 420 horses). A detachment was involved in the escape to Varennes .
Wars of the Revolution and the Empire
- 1792 : With the army of Charles-François Dumouriez in the cannonade near Valmy . An escadron stood in defense of Thionville . Then in the battle of Jemappes and in the battle of Vouziers .
- 1793 : Regimental strength: 4 escadrons of 2 companies of 100 riders each. Used in the battle near Aldenhoven and in the battle near Neer winds . Then return to Valenciennes .
- 1794 : With the Army du Nord under Jean-Charles Pichegru (in May with 4 escadrons, 857 men, 455 horses). Battle of Grave on September 19th, siege of Bois le Duc, capture of Breda on December 24th, during which Brigadier Gaignard captured an enemy standard.
- 1795 : Used to suppress the Vendée uprising . Here the regiment makes a good name for itself through its humanity.
- 1796 : Seconded to the “Armée des Côtes de l'Océan” (Army of the Ocean Coast), then in September to the Armée de Rhin et Moselle (Rhine and Moselle Army). With 50 officers, 900 dragoons and 650 horses part of the reserve cavalry of Général François Antoine Louis Bourcier
- 1797 : With the "Armée de Rhin et Moselle" under Jean-Victor Moreau . Rhine crossing at Diersheim on 20/22. April, in which the regiment could excel. The Sous-lieutenant Desgarennes and the Maréchal des logis Thony were each able to capture an enemy flag. Battle near Haslach.
- 1798 : With the Armée d'Helvétie (Helvetic Army) under the command of Guillaume-Marie-Anne Brune
- 1799 : With the "Armée d'Helvétie" under the command of André Masséna in the skirmish near Luzius-Steig on March 7th, in the battle near Frauenfeld on May 25th, and near Rapperschweyl on June 2nd. Participation in the First Battle of Zurich , the Second Battle of Zurich on 25/26. September.
- 1800 : In the left wing of the Armée du Rhin under Moreau. Regimental strength: four escadrons, 1094 riders. Used in the battle near Frgelhurst on April 24th, during the siege of Ingolstadt and in the battle of Hohenlinden .
- 1801 to 1804 : Garrison in Brussels , Valenciennes , Amiens , Bapaume and other places.
- 1805 : Assigned under Joachim Murat to the cavalry reserve of the Grande Armée . Blockade of Ulm in September / October, in Memmingen on October 13th. Battle near Eselsberg an der Traun on November 2nd, and near Amstetten on November 5th. Entry into Vienna on November 13th. Battle of Lachwitz on November 15th and Latkin on November 20th. Battle of Austerlitz , in which the unit could excel.
- 1806 : Campaign in Prussia and Poland. Battle of Jena , invasion of Berlin on October 29th, battle near Zednitz and Boitzenburg on October 26th, near Prenzlau on October 27th and near Anklam on October 31st. With the 5th Dragoon Division in action near Nasielak on 24/25. December, in the battle of Pultusk on December 26th in which the regiment was able to distinguish itself and at Ostrolenka on December 28th.
- 1807 : In advanced position near Monsewo, battles near Ostrów Wielkopolski on February 3, near Ostrolenka on February 19, near Shimane and Nogbos on March 19 and 25, near Ortelsburg on March 26, 27 and April 14 near Norwana on May 12th and at Miszenitz on May 29th.
- 1808 : Transfer to the army in Spain.
Seconded to the reserve cavalry under Jean-Baptiste Bessières in the 5th Dragoon Division. In or near Burgos on December 16th.
- 1809 : Fight against the English, skirmishes at Prieros on January 3rd, Villafranca on January 4th and La Corogna on January 16th. Taking Ferrol on January 26th. With the army in Portugal under Nicolas Jean-de-Dieu Soult , taking part in the battles at Ribadabia, Werin and Guironda, taking Chavès and Oporto on January 29th, fighting at Abuzara and Valencia . In May, retreat to Ourense , battle on Monte Furado on June 12th and near Marida on August 11th.
- 1810 : In the 4th Dragoon Division of the "Armée d'Andalousie" (Army of Andalusia) under Soult, campaign to Alcántara in July.
- 1811 : Fighting against the Mancha guerrillas (in the provinces of Cordue and Jaén )
- 1812 : In the central army of King Joseph Bonaparte , losing battle at Alcazar de San Juan on March 25th. Evacuation from Madrid, battle near Roses on August 1st. At this point the 4th Escadron was already in Gdansk .
Participation in the Russian campaign in 1812 with use in the battle of Borodino .
- 1813 : During the campaign in Germany in the 3rd Cavalry Corps under the command of Jean Toussaint Arrighi de Casanova , deployed in the Battle of Leipzig
- 1814 : Campaign in France, battle of Vauchamps , battle of Mormant , battle of Saint-Dizier
During the First Restoration , by order of May 1, 1814, the regiment was renamed "Régiment des Dragons de Condé" and was ranked number 8 in the army. It consisted of 4 escadrons of two companies of 78 riders each.
During the reign of the Hundred Days it was re-named "13 e régiment de dragons" by order of May 1, 1815
It was assigned to the Burthe Brigade, in the Stroltz Dragoon Division in the cavalry corps of Rémy-Isidore Exelmans
- Battle of Ligny
- Battle of Perwez on June 17th
- Battle of Wavre under the command of Emmanuel de Grouchy on June 18th
On the way back to Paris, with a last battle near Vélizy on July 1, 1815.
On December 6, 1815, the regiment in Saintes was disbanded.
1815 to 1855
Disabled.
Second Empire
On December 20, 1855, the establishment of a "Regiment des dragons de l'Impératrice" was ordered with the Empress Eugenie as regiment holder. It was intended for employment in the Imperial Guard . It was put into service by Emperor Napoleon III. on July 1, 1856 to six escadrons, whose members were selected from all cavalry regiments.
- 1859 : Used in the Sardinian War with four escadrons in the battle of Solferino .
- January 1, 1866 : Reduction to five escadrons
- February 6, 1867: Reinforced to six escadrons again
Franco-German War
On August 1, 1870, the "Régiment de dragons de l'Impératrice" with four escadrons of 90 riders each was assigned to the "Armée du Rhin" (Rhine Army). Together with the Régiment de lanciers (Colonel de Lathieulade) it formed the 2nd Brigade (Général de France). Together with the 1st Brigade (Général Halna du Frétay), the 3rd Brigade (Général du Preuil) and two batteries of four-pounder cannons, they formed the "Guard Cavalry Division" under the command of Général Desvaux. This division was assigned to the Imperial Guard under the command of Charles Denis Bourbaki in the 2nd Army of Maréchal François-Achille Bazaine .
On July 28, 1870, the regiment was under the command of Colonel Sautereau-Dupart in Metz .
- Battle of Mars-la-Tour , in which the regimental commander was wounded by two lance stabs in an attack and the lieutenant-colonel Boby de la Chapelle was killed.
- Battle of St. Privat
Together with the other regiments of the guard cavalry, the "Dragons de l'Impératrice" were included in the siege of Metz . By the surrender on October 27, 1870, some of the horses had died for lack of food, the others had to be slaughtered because there was nothing more to eat for the troops. The regiment was partially captured on October 28th. The imperial guard had already been disbanded with the proclamation of the republic . The remnants of the regiment that were still in the depot were assigned to the "1 er régiment de cavalerie mixte" (1st mixed cavalry regiment).
The depot of the ex-guard dragons was moved from Montélimar to Mâcon ; here the dragoons who had escaped captivity gathered. It became the “7 e régiment de Marche” (7th marching regiment) from an escadron of the 1 er régiment de dragons , the 3 e régiment de dragons , the 6 e régiment de dragons , the 10 e régiment de dragons and an escadron the remains of the "Dragons de l'Impératrice" formed. On September 10, 1870, the 13th e régiment provisoire de dragons was set up. It was used in the siege of Paris .
- February 4, 1871 : Renamed "13e régiment de dragons" with garrison in Mâcon, Le Creusot, then Compiègne.
First World War
From the day the war began until July 23, 1917, the regiment belonged to the 7th Cavalry Division, which was disbanded on that date.
According to Plan XVII , this division was among the forces assigned to cover up mobilization. The operational area was the Woëvre plain from Pont-à-Mousson to Conflans in the area of the 6th Army. With the mobilization, the regiment left Melun on August 1, 1914 and was transferred in four trains (one per Escadron) to Sorcy (near Rethel ), which it reached on the night of August 2.
Five days later the division switched to the 3rd Army. The cavalry stood out in the Ardennes on August 22nd ( border battles ) when they covered the right flank of the 3rd Army. In the Battle of the Marne , the regiment fought at Revigny between September 6 and 12 . Like many of the other French cavalry regiments, the Dragoons had to dismount in the autumn of 1914 and continue fighting on foot. The regiment was then used in the First Battle of Flanders .
In 1915 the General Staff kept the cavalry divisions in reserve so that they could be deployed in the event of a breakthrough through the German front. The 7th Cavalry Division was now subordinate to the 2nd Cavalry Corps, which was near the front during the Battle of Artois (May / June 1915) and the autumn battle in Champagne . An escadron was deployed in the trenches. Between October 1915 and July 1916 the regiment was in the Prosnes area . From July to November 1916 it was in training.
After the dissolution of the 7th Cavalry Division in July 1917 and the use of the units in trench warfare, the "13 e RD" came to the 2nd Colonial Infantry Corps . and fought in the Vosges and in October / November before Verdun . In September 1918, the Escadrons were still involved in the pursuit battles near St. Mihiel .
After the armistice in Compiégne , the "13 e RD" marched to Germany as an occupying force and was stationed in the Rhineland. In the spring of 1919 he was transferred to the 9th Army Corps, as the 2nd Colonial Corps had been disbanded.
Interwar period
After the signing of the peace treaty in 1919, the "13 e RD" returned to Melun and was assigned to the 6th Cavalry Division.
In 1937, as part of the reorganization of the French army, the unit was converted into an armored regiment «Automitrailleuses de combat». Two escadrons were equipped with 20 Hotchkiss H-35 tanks each and two escadrons with 20 Somua S-35 tanks each . The former 5th Cavalry Division became the “2. Light Mechanized Division ”. Together with the 29 e régiment de dragons ( Provins ), the “13 e RD” formed the “3. Light Mechanized Brigade ”.
Second World War
When the war broke out, the "13 e RD" belonged to the "2 e division légère mécanique", which together with the "3 e division légère mécanique" formed the cavalry corps of Général René Prioux in the 1st Army. The Belgian border was crossed on May 10, 1940. According to the plans, the armored units should cover the deployment of the infantry. Gembloux was reached on the evening of May 10th . On May 12th they came into contact with forces of the German 4th Panzer Division . On May 13th, the German XVI. Army corps to the section of the "3 e division légère mécanique" at Hannut . On May 14th, the cavalry corps withdrew behind their own 15th Infantry Division, which had just formed. In the second half of May 1940 the entire French 1st Army was encircled in Belgium. The "13 e RD" escaped from the boiler and was evacuated to Great Britain in Dunkirk . The vehicles and equipment remained behind.
The equipment was then collected in Dourdan and a mixed "13 e / 29 e regiment de dragons" set up. The equipment was supplemented with everything that could still be found in the depots, training units and even on the factory yards. On June 11th, this "regiment mixed" moved with the shrunken 2nd Mechanized Division eastward to Pacy-sur-Eure . On June 12th the general order to withdraw was given. There were still battles at Jaudrais and Senonches , on the 19th at Tours and finally on June 22nd at La Haye-Descartes. On June 25, 1940, the truce came into effect at midnight. Since tanks were banned under the Compiègne Armistice , the regiment was disbanded.
The re-establishment took place on October 16, 1944. The unit was assigned to the army of Général de Larminat in the spring of 1945 , which should fight the German resistance nests in the Atlantic ports. The regiment was involved in the capture of Royan (Opération Vénérable), the Île d'Oléron (Opération Jupiter), the encirclement of La Rochelle (Opération Mousquetaires) and the liberation of the Pointe de la Coubre. involved. In May 1945 the regiment moved to Germany, where it was part of the occupation force in the Palatinate . It stayed here until it was dissolved on April 15, 1946. The staff moved to the 6 e régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique , the 11 e régiment de chasseurs à cheval and the "25 e division aéroportée".
After 1945
In 1952 the unit was converted to a paratrooper regiment and for the last time at the beginning of 1960. From 1954 the regiment was used in the Algerian War. From July 1, 1956, it was placed under the 25th Parachute Division. On July 1, 1957, he was transferred to the 10th Parachute Division. From May 1, 1961 to July 31, 1963, it then belonged to the 11th Light Infantry Division, like the other regiments of the 10th and 25th Parachute Divisions. (Except for the 1 er régiment étranger de parachutistes , the 14 e régiment de chasseurs parachutiste and the 18 e régiment de chasseurs parachutiste , which were disbanded on April 30 due to their participation in the attempted coup against Général de Gaulle .)
Conversion into a reconnaissance regiment
In the 1950s, considerations about combat in a nuclear conflict led to an investigation into the possibilities of clearing up enemy forces.
A year after the maneuver "Javelot II" in September 1954 which provided "7 e division mécanique rapidly" (7 e DMR - 7. Fast Mechanized Division) during the "Éclair" maneuvers in September 1955 6 man commands for tactical reconnaissance in an area of 5 km to 20 km in depth, with the consideration of setting up officer patrols to operate to a depth of 30 km.
At a meeting of intelligence specialists in October 1957, it was recommended that the enemy be investigated into the immediate rear of the enemy. Colonel Degas, head of the Deuxième Bureau in Baden, sent a mission of five secret service officers to Corte in 1959 to investigate living conditions in a hostile zone. The report by Lieutenant Faivre, the Head of Mission, summarized in Indochina experience gained the "Groupement de Commandos Mixtes Aéroportés" (Joint Air Command groups) and 11 e régiment parachutiste de choc (11 paratroopers shock Regiment) together in Algeria. This was especially true for the temporary bases, the camouflaging of the connections and the behavior in an isolated team.
In April 1960, the EMAT / 2 (État-major de l'armée de terre - High Command of the Army) decided on the basis of this report to set up a tele-spying company in Langenargen . This "7 e compagnie de commandos" was commanded by the Capitaines Fraisse and Cunty. The tasks were assigned to her by the Général CCFFA (Commandant en chef des Forces Françaises en Allemagne).
The "Chief d'état-major de l'Armée de terre" (CEMAT - Chief of Staff of the Army) Général Le Pulloc decided on July 1, 1963 to convert the "13 e régiment de dragons parachutiste" into a reconnaissance regiment of combined arms. The “7 e compagnie de commandos” was incorporated for this purpose.
Three exercises were held in 1964/65. Initially seven, then 16 teams were used for tactical reconnaissance, they were in direct contact with the army corps. Colonel de Courson's report then revealed the difficulties of parachuting in the enemy zone and the inadequacies of the radio equipment used. The development of the regiment was closely followed in the army.
Finally, the permanent advisory committee for "reconnaissance in the field" defined the tasks of the regiment in action in 1968. While waiting for the 1st Army to be deployed in 1972, the EMA decided to activate the regiment. The "13 e RDP" was then made available to this army, which became the first reserve of a possible Central European battlefield.
Overview of the most important missions
- Cannonade at Valmy 1792
- Battle of Hohenlinden 1800
- Battle of Austerlitz 1805
- Battle of Jena and Auerstedt 1806
- Battle of Borodino 1812
- First Battle of Flanders in 1914
- Battle of Verdun 1916
- Battle of Hannut 1940
- Operation Dynamo 1940 (with the remnants of the regiment)
- Algerian War 1954–1962
- Mauritania 1977
- Zaire ( Battle of Kolwezi ) 1978
- Central African Republic 1979 ( Operation Barracuda )
- Chad 1983–1986 ( Operation Manta and Opération Épervier )
- Togo 1986
- Second Gulf War 1990
- Rwanda 1991
- Somalia ( UNOSOM II ) and Cambodia ( UNTAC ) 1993
- Rwanda 1994 ( Operation Noroit , Operation Chimère , Operation Amaryllis and Operation Turquoise )
- Comoros 1995 (Operation Azalée)
- Central African Republic 1996 ( Operation Almandine 2 and Operation Almandine 2bis )
- Albania 1997 ( lottery uprising )
- Gabon 1998
- Macedonia 1999
- Kosovo 1999 ( Kosovo War )
- Afghanistan 2001 , see also: French participation in the war in Afghanistan
- Afghanistan 2011
- Afghanistan 2013
tradition
Motto
- The motto of the regiment is: "Au-delà du possible" ( Beyond the possible ).
- The motto of the 2nd Escadron is: "Encore plus loin ..." ( even more ... )
- The motto of the 3rd Escadron is: Saepe aquila, semper leo ("Parfois aigle, Toujours lion" - sometimes an eagle, always a lion ).
- The motto of the 5th Escadron is: Quod vis esse velis ("Ce que tu veux être, il faut le vouloir" - You have to want what you want to be .)
Regimental flag
Since Napoleonic times, the flag bears the name of the battles in which the regiment honored on the reverse in gold letters.
- On the blue field:
- Valmy 1792
- On the white field:
- London 1800
- Austerlitz 1805
- Iéna 1806
- La Moskowa 1812
- Ypres 1914
- Verdun 1916
- AFN 1952-1962
Awards
The following awards were given to the regiment:
- Croix de guerre 1939–1945 with a palm branch
- Croix de la Valeur militaire with three palm branches:
- A first palm branch was awarded on November 23, 2011 for the implementation of the “Operation Pamir” in Afghanistan
- The second palm branch followed on August 29, 2013, also for the Afghanistan mission. Associated with this is the right for members of the regiment to wear the Fourragère des Croix de la Valeur militaire.
- The third palm branch was awarded on November 6, 2014 for participation in the " Opération Serval " in Mali.
- Gold medal from the city of Milan for use in the Battle of Solferino (does not appear on the flag ribbon)
Her Imperial Highness Alix de Foresta, Princesse Napoléon has been the regiment's godmother since April 1959 .
Weapons of Honor (Revolutionary Awards)
- Nicolas Brunon, Maréchal des logis : Saber of honor
- Fievre, Brigadier : Honor Rifle
- Guillaume Gannard, Brigadier: Honor Rifle
- Jean-Francois Laine, Brigadier: Honor Rifle
- Claude Gondard, Brigadier: Cross of the Legion of Honor
Whereabouts and today's use
The unit is under the direct instruction of the Army General Staff through the “Directeur du Renseignement militaire” (Director of Military Reconnaissance) or the Commandement des opérations spéciales.
It is assigned to the Commandement des forces spéciales Terre, together with the 1 er régiment de parachutistes d'infanterie de marine and the 4 e régiment d'hélicoptères des forces spéciales (ex DAOS).
The regiment has a broad operational profile that goes beyond normal paratrooper units, but is primarily specialized in long-range reconnaissance far behind enemy lines as well as unconventional warfare .
Their task is to obtain information at any time and in any place through small, autonomous and discrete units that are able to position themselves close to the corresponding targets, to spy on them and to transmit the information. For this type of mission the sub-units of the "13 e RDP" practice what they call "caches"; H. camouflaged operations in front of places that are intended for observation, but they also have the option of modern use of drones and access to urban surveillance measures (cameras, sensors and remote observation).
equipment
Like the other units of the COS, the Dragoons have been using the HK416 (5.56 mm) (replacement for the FAMAS ) as their main weapon for the short range, the HK417 (7.62 mm) as a precision weapon, as well as the Minimi machine gun in caliber 5.56 and 7.62mm for support. Handguns are the Glock 17 and HK USP SD pistols in 9 mm caliber.
The HK MP5SD submachine gun is also used.
Le "13 e RDP" is equipped with state-of-the-art hardware for transmission, computer and lens monitoring.
Since 2013 the "13 e RDP" has had the airframe of a decommissioned C-160 Transall from the Air Force to give the unit the opportunity to simulate a number of technical processes, for example a ground attack.
losses
An adjutant died in the battle at in the Levant on September 23, 2017 as part of the Inherent Resolve operation .
Garrisons
The regiment was stationed in Dieuze from 1963 to 2011 . The reason for this far-eastern deployment was a possible conflict with the Warsaw Pact . After the end of the Cold War , the previous task became obsolete and the time of integration into the “Commandement des opérations spéciales” (COS), then into the “Brigade des forces spéciales terre” (BFST) followed.
In July 2011 the unit moved to the "Camp de Souge" in the municipality of Martignas-sur-Jalle . Like the other units of the brigade, the regiment uses the "École des troupes aéroportées" (air landing school) in Pau . From here, training in mountain combat (in the Pyrenees ) and combat swimmer training (on the Atlantic coast or in the Garonne ) is coordinated; However, the main part of the training takes place at the air bases “Base aérienne 101 Toulouse-Francazal” or the “Base aérienne 125 Istres-Le Tubé”.
structure
The 13e RDP is divided into nine units with the following specializations:
- Staff and Supply Squadron (Escadron de Commandement et de Logistique)
- Administrative and Support Squadron (Escadron Administratif et de Soutien)
- 1. Training squadron
- 2nd telecom squadron (amphibious, divers)
- 3rd remote spy squadron (mountains, forest and jungle)
- 4. Remote Scout Squadron (Desert)
- 5th Remote Scout Squadron (Airborne Landings)
- 6. Telecommunications Squadron
- 7. Evaluation Squadron (Exploitation du renseignement)
The target number of staff in 2014 was 751 members, but the units of the “Commandement des opérations spéciales” (COS) have been constantly understaffed since 2008, so the actual number this year was only 707 members of the regiment. However, it is planned to increase to 841 soldiers by 2019.
particularities
In 1790 the regiment was used in the suppression of the mutiny in Nancy .
literature
- Ordonnance du Roy, portant que le Régiment des Dragons de Condé, cy-devant Goesbriand, prendra rang dans les Dragons après celuy d'Orgléans (Du 12 December 1724) Éditeur Imprimerie Royale (Paris) 1724 Lou1724 .
- Historique du 13e régiment de dragons, digitized on Gallica .
- Robert Gaget “Au-delà du possible” (Recherche du renseignement en régions hostiles) Editions Grancher 2002 ISBN 2-7339-0787-5
- Christophe Gautier & José Nicolas et Philippe "Poulet Les Dragons" (Soldats de l'ombre) Editions BBK 2000 ISBN 2-913004-07-5
- Véronique Sartini, “Impressionnant 13e RDP”, Défense et Sécurité internationale , n ° | 60, juin 2010, p. 72-80
- Philippe Poulet “13e RDP” Editeur: Mission Spéciale Productions 2012
- Philippe Poulet 13e RDP “Au-delà du possible” Editeur: Mission Spéciale Productions 2007
- Jean-Dominique "Merchet De la Cavalerie aux Forces spéciales (L'histoire du 13e Régiment de Dragons parachutistes)" Editeur P. de Taillac 2015
- K-ISOM Special: Combat swimmers and special amphibious units. P. 66 f., Nuremberg 2009.
- Sünkler, Sören: elite and special units of Europe. P. 101. Motor Buch Verlag, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-613-02853-1 .
- Tessin, Georg : The regiments of the European states in the Ancien Régime des XVI. to XVIII. Century. 3 volumes. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1986–1995, ISBN 3-7648-1763-1 .
- Mission Speciale Productions: 13ème RDP. ISBN 2-916357-13-0 , in French.
Web links
- The 13e RDP at specwarnet.net (English)
- Unités décorées dans leur garnison Outre les douze unités décorées, vingt-quatre unités recevront la Croix de la valeur militaire ultérieurement. Le 13e RDP page 22.
- Page official
- Site recrutement du 13e RDP
Remarks
- ↑ in accordance with French custom, units with a changed task or restructuring for reasons of tradition carry on their names
- ↑ Nobles
- ↑ has not taken up his post
- ↑ Died in service on October 1, 1936
- ↑ For this he was awarded the Cross of the Legion of Honor
- ↑ The obfuscation was intended to make it impossible for the enemy, or at least to make it more difficult, to gain knowledge about the deployment of the main forces
- ↑ Regulation n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply industry. Published with the Official Army Bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007
- ^ Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie
Individual evidence
- ^ Page of «13» on the site of the ministerial de la Defense .
- ↑ numbering cf. Tessin Vol. 1 1986: 497.
- ^ Lou 1724 texts Louis XIV, "Ordonnance du Roy du 12 decembre 1724".
- ↑ État militaire de 1760 et Louis Joachim Jehannot de Bartillat
- ^ Nouveau commandant pour le "13". In: sudouest.fr. Retrieved September 3, 2011 (French).
- ↑ Les dragons recrutent. In: sudouest.fr. January 14, 2015, accessed September 1, 2015 .
- ↑ 13e regiment de dragons parachutistes. (PDF) In: Cavalerie. unabcc.org, October 2015, p. 27 , accessed on March 18, 2018 (English).
- ^ Marseille: pour leur campagne de recrutement, les Dragons parachutistes enflamment le Vélodrome. In: «La Provence». January 29, 2018, accessed March 6, 2018 .
- ^ Service historique de l'état-major des armées / Service historique de la Defense "Les Armées françaises dans la Grande Guerre" Paris Editeur: Imprimerie nationale 1924 Volume 10, chap. 2 (Ordres de bataille des grandes unités: divisions d'infanterie, divisions de cavalerie), digitized on Gallica .
- ↑ Les Armées française dans la Grand Guerre (AFGG) 1924 Volume 10, Chap. 2, p. 1051.
- ^ Service historique de l'état-major des armées / Service historique de la Défense FGG AFGG Paris Éditeur Imprimerie nationale 1923 Volume 10, chap. 1 “Ordres de bataille des grandes unités: grands quartiers généraux, groupe d'armées, armées, corps d'armée” p. 908 & 909, digitized on Gallica .
- ↑ AFGG 1923 Volume 10, Chap. 1, p. 912
- ↑ AFGG 1923 Volume 10, Chap. 1, p. 913
- ^ "Historique du 13e Régiment de Dragons", digitized on Gallica .
- ↑ Gérard Saint-Martin L'arme blindée française Basand 1 May-June 1940! : Les blindés français dans la tourmente (Campagnes et stratégies) n ° 25 Paris Éditeur Economica 1998 ISBN 2-7178-3617-9
- ↑ Dominique Lormier, Le livre d'or de la Résistance dans le Sud-Ouest , Éditions Sud-Ouest, 2011, p. 380 and 381
- ^ Atlas-Liberation-France, p. 51
- ↑ Dominique Lormier, Ibidem .
- ↑ LES FORCES SPÉCIALES DANS L'HISTOIRE. (PDF) Archived from the original on December 1, 2008 ; accessed on December 31, 2018 .
- ↑ CREATION ET EVOLUTION DU 13ème RDP, 1960-1990. Archived from the original on November 1, 2010 ; accessed on December 31, 2018 .
- ^ Accords Valentin-Ferber de 1975.
- ↑ Le mamouth. Accessed December 31, 2018 .
- ^ Internet site of the Ministère de la Defense
- ↑ Un Transall au 13e Régiment de Dragons Parachutistes (Zone Militaire). Retrieved July 17, 2018 (French).
- ↑ Nicolas Gros-Verheyde Un para des forces spéciales mort au combat au Levant. In: Bruxelles2. September 23, 2017. Retrieved September 24, 2017 .
- ↑ Une élite très discrète Éditeur “Sud Ouest”. In: sudouest.fr. January 3, 2015, accessed September 28, 2015 .