3 e régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique
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3 e régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique |
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|---|---|
 Internal association badge |
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| active | 1833 to 1963 |
| Country |
 France
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| Armed forces |
 French armed forces
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| Armed forces |
Armée française de terre
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| Branch of service | Cavalry (armored force) |
| Type | Regiment de chasseurs á cheval |
| Location | last: Camp de Sissonne |
| Patron saint | St. George |
| motto | Tant qu'il en restera un |
| equipment | AMX 13 tank destroyer |
| Awards | Croix de guerre 1914–1918 / 1939-45 & Croix de guerre des Théâtres d'opérations extérieures |
| commander | |
| commander | Last: Colonel Petiot |
The 3 e régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique ( 3 e RCA ) was an association of French cavalry that was set up on February 1, 1833 in Bône , Algeria. According to the royal decree of November 27, 1832, the 7th and 8th Escadron des 1 er régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique were used as the tribe . It doesn't exist anymore.
Commanders
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Battle calendar
- Algeria 1833–1854,
- Armée d'Orient ( Crimean War ) 1854–1856,
- Algeria 1856-1859,
- Italy 1859,
- Syria 1860,
- Mexico 1862–1867,
- Algeria 1864,
- Franco-German War 1870/71,
- Algeria 1871–1879,
- Tunisia 1881,
- Madagascar 1895,
- Morocco 1909–1911,
- First World War 1914-1918,
- Tunisia 1942–1943,
- France 1944–1945,
- Germany 1945,
- Algeria 1956–1962.
1833-1871
Immediately after its formation, the regiment took part in the campaigns in Algeria. It operated from Bône, but moved its garrison to Constantine after the city was captured in 1837 . The following years were associated with extensive operations for the regiment. Campaigns followed to Djemilla (1839), Tébessa (1842), the Aurés Mountains (1845), Zaatcha (1849), Bougie (1850), the eastern Kabylia (1852), the Sahara and again the Aurès- Mountains (1853),
Further missions:
- Crimean War 1854 and 1856
- Sardinian War 1859
- Syria 1860
- French intervention in Mexico 1862.
- Two squadrons arrived there on November 2nd and formed under the command of Colonel Barail with the "1 er -2 e régiment de chasseurs" the "2 e régiment de marche de chasseurs d'Afrique" (2nd marching regiment of the African hunters) . This association fought in 1863 at Puebla , Cholula de Rivadavia and Atlisco, in 1864 at Xérès and Guadalupe. In this campaign, the brigadier Pierre captured the standard of the Mexican "Primer regimiento lanceros de Zacatecas" (for example: First Zacatecas Uhlan Regiment).
- In 1867 he was relocated to Algeria
- Franco-German War
Period 1871-1914
- A detachment was moved to Madagascar in 1895 . The 1st and 4th Escadron were deployed in Morocco from January 1908 to January 1909, the 2nd Escadron from April 1911 to February 1913. In 1914 the "3 e RCA" was garrisoned in Constantine (Algeria) (two escadrons were in Sétif ).
First World War
1914
When the war broke out, the regiment left Constantine and was embarked on August 8th in Algiers, the 5th Escadron stayed behind as a replacement cadre. In Sète put ashore, the regiment was to Lyon conducted and the "Corps d'armée colonial" (colonial troops Army Corps) assigned as a cavalry regiment.
Throughout the war, the "3 e RCA" was at the front in France. It fought first in the Argonne and then in the Ardennes . After retreating to the Marne, it was then involved in the First Battle of Flanders .
1915
After the regiment was dismounted, it was used in trench warfare in the Artois from June and in the Champagne from July to October .
In the meantime, the “3 e régiment de marche de chasseurs d'Afrique” was set up, the previous “3 e RCA” became the “7 e RCA”. Assigned to the 1st Colonial Corps, the former marching regiment and the current "3 e RCA" were divided into two half regiments and deployed with monitoring tasks on the Somme , Champagne, Aisne and Alsace .
1916
k. A.
1917
k. A.
1918
That year the regiment fought in March in Picardy , in April in Flanders , in June on the Aisne, and in July in Champagne. In August the regiment was reunited. On November 17, it entered Lorraine at the head of the "129 e division d'infanterie" (129th Infantry Division) and occupied Bitche and Dieuze . At the beginning of December it moved to Germany and remained as an occupation in the Palatinate until April 2, 1919 .
The escadrons arrived in Lyon on July 19, 1919, to be shipped to Algeria on August 20, 1919 in Marseille.
Interwar period
At the end of August 1919, the regiment had completely returned to Algeria. The 1st and 2nd Escadron were in Sétif, the 3rd Escadron in Guelma and the 4th Escadron with the staff in Constantine. Individual departments operated in Morocco in August 1921 , in the Levant in September 1921 and in Tunisia in 1922 .
A reclassification was made between April and September, two "groupes d'escadrons" (GE) (escadron groups) and an additional escadron were formed.
- 1 er groupe d'escadrons (motorized):
- 1 er escadron porté de mitrailleuses et d'engins, (Mixed Escadron - machine guns and equipment)
- 2 e escadron with AMC (armored machine gun carrier) and motorcycles
- 2 e groupe d'escadrons (mounted):
- 3 e escadron,
- 4 e escadron.
A 5th Escadron was set up in 1938 and equipped with Automitrailleuses
Second World War
At the beginning of July 1939, shortly before the outbreak of hostilities, one of the motorized squadron groups moved to Médénine and Gabès in southern Tunisia. Due to a previous restructuring, parts of the "3 e RCA" had already been motorized. After the end of the French campaign, the regiment was part of the armistice army and therefore remained in existence. By May 1941, the regiment of three "groupes d'escadrons" (squadron groups) and a staff squadron was completely motorized. In July of the same year the "2 e groupe d'escadrons" was again equipped with horses. The "3 e groupe d'escadrons" was then separated from the regimental association and used to reorganize the [[9 e régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique]]. During the Tunisian campaign, operations were carried out on Gades, Gafsa , Fériana, Kasserine , Sidi Bouzid and Ousseltia.
Returned to Constantine in June 1943, the unit was equipped with material from the US Army and assigned to the reconnaissance regiment of the "1 re division blindée" (1st Panzer Division), commanded by General Jean Touzet du Vigier. This division belonged to the "1 er Armée" (1st Army) of Général de Lattre de Tassigny .
On August 15, 1944, the 5th Escadron was disembarked from the Provence coast to take part in the conquest of Toulon and Marseille . The remainder of the regiment was embarked in Oran in early September to be disembarked in Nartelle on September 9th.
The task force moved up the Rhone valley and reached Dijon on September 13th and Lure on September 19th. Then the regiment fought in the Vosges at Giromagny , Servance and Melizay. Then it was moved to the capture of Mulhouse . In February 1945 the regiment was on the Rhine at Carspach , which it crossed at Huningue on April 25th. From here the unit moved via Lörrach (April 25) and Radolfzell (April 27) to Kandel (Palatinate) and Landau , where it arrived on May 8, 1945. In July 1945 the regiment in Obermoschel became part of the occupation forces in the Palatinate . A marching squadron was commanded to Berlin .
post war period
On October 27, 1945, the regiment returned to France and was garrisoned in Fontenay le Comte until it was transported back to Algeria via Marseille on May 21, 1946. Initially moved to Maison-Carré, it moved into garrison in Tlemcen in August .
In October 1948 the regiment was relocated to Germany, where the regiment was stationed in Weingarten (Württemberg) , Ravensburg and an Escadron in Langenargen .
Algerian war
On the occasion of the Algerian War , the "3 e RCA" was relocated to Algeria and operated from April 1, 1956 in the regions of Kenchela and M'sila in Kabylia . The regiment was assigned to the "Force A".
The "3 e RCA" was in Maison Blanche, Ain-Taya and l'Arba until June 1959, then moved to Tebessa until August . The unit operated from the Quartier de Bekkaria until 1961, then it occupied the sector of El ma el Abiod until 1962.
Then the regiment was concentrated in Constantine and shipped to France, where it was disbanded in Sissonne (Aisne) in 1963 after 131 years of existence.
1981-1997
Set up again on September 11, 1981 in Fontevraud-l'Abbaye , the "3 e régiment de Chasseurs d'Afrique" was dissolved for the second time in 1997.
Traditions
Motto
The regiment's motto was: Tant qu'il en restera un (As long as there is one left). This is based on the request of the Général Gaston Auguste de Gallifet to the Général Auguste-Alexandre Ducrot in the war of 1870–1871 to repeat this with the few survivors after a loss-making attack. “Encore un effort, que ce soit pour l'honneur des armes!” (“Another attempt to honor the arms!”) - To which Ducrot is said to have replied: “Tant que vous voudrez, mon Général, tant qu'il en restera un! ”(“ As much as you want, mon Général, as long as there is one left! ”).
Standard
It bears the following inscriptions in gold letters:
Awards
The standard is decorated with:
-
Croix de guerre 1939–1945 with a palm branch
- Gold Medal of the City of Milan,
- Croix de l'Yser ( Belgium )
.
Known members of the regiment
- Prince Joachim Napoléon Murat (1834–1901)
- Maréchal Louis Félix Marie Franchet d'Espèrey (1856–1942)
- Général Joseph Valentini called Général Yusuf (1808–1866)
- Général François Charles Louis de Lajaille, Marquis de Lajaille (1822–1889)
- Général Ernest Marie Plessis (1837-1893)
- Général Louis Adrien de Tuce (1817–1888)
- Général Martial Valin (1898–1980)
- Capitaine Alexandre de Courson de la Villeneuve (1903–1944) Regional Military Delegate of Free France (Français libre) in Clermont-Ferrand . Executed by the German occupation forces.
Web links
literature
- LUYA (capitaine), Le 3 e Chasseurs d'Afrique au Maroc (1908, 1911–1912) , Paris, Lavauzelle, 1914, pp. 60 ff.
- Historique du 3 e régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique (1914–1918) , Nancy, Berger-Levrault, p. 152 ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ German: 3rd regiment of African hunters
- ↑ Regulation No. 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 regulates the inscriptions on the standards of the troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply service (Service des essences des armées). The basis is the “Bulletin officiel des armées”, number 27, 9 November 2007
- ^ Decree on the assignment of the inscription AFN 1952–1962 on the flags and standards of the army units and services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie
- ↑ grandson of Joachim Murat