Carspach
| Carspach | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Haut-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Altkirch | |
| Canton | Altkirch | |
| Community association | Sundgau | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 37 ' N , 7 ° 13' E | |
| height | 283-397 m | |
| surface | 17.17 km 2 | |
| Residents | 2,044 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 119 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 68130 | |
| INSEE code | 68062 | |
| Website | carspach.fr | |
 Town hall ( Mairie ) of Carspach |
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Carspach ( German : Karspach ) is a French commune with 2044 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Haut-Rhin department in the Grand Est region . It belongs to the Arrondissement Altkirch and the municipality association Sundgau .
geography
The municipality of Carspach im Sundgau borders the northeastern small town of Altkirch . The center of the village lies on the left bank of the Ill , which reaches its westernmost point here. The municipal area of over 17 km² extends from the Ill to the ridge between Ill and Largue , which extends crescent-shaped around Carspach. In the forested southwest of the municipality, the highest altitude is reached at 397 meters above sea level. In the north there is also an extensive forest area, the Forêt de Carspach . The Hasselbaechle with its dammed ponds rises here . In the center of Carspach two brooks flow into the Ill, the Belzbaechle coming from the southwest and the seven kilometer long Dorfbach which drains the plateau between Carspach and Largitzen .
Neighboring communities of Carspach are Saint-Bernard in the north, Heidwiller and Aspach in the northeast, Altkirch in the east, Hirtzbach in the south, Fulleren in the southwest, Ballersdorf in the west and Hagenbach and Eglingen in the northwest.
history
The village appears for the first time in 837 as Karoldespach in a deed of ownership of the Hohenburg monastery . In 1144 the place - now called Heroldespach - is owned by the priories of Feldbach and Altkirch ( Prieuré Saint-Morand ) and the Lützel monastery . Later the village belongs to the Lords of Zaessingue , Andlau , Reinach , the Poor Clares of Basel and the Pfirter Counts .
With the county of Pfirt, Carspach came to Upper Austria in 1324 . In 1365 the village was burned down in clashes between the Armagnacs and the Burgundians . Carspach also suffered during the Burgundian Wars and when the troops of Colloredo marched in during the Thirty Years' War . As a result of the Peace of Westphalia (1648), Carspach and all of Upper Austria came to France. In 1674 there was again devastation when Turenne's troops moved through Carspach on their way to Brunstatt .
From the early 17th century, a line of the Lords of Pfirt named after the place lived in Carspach . During the French Revolution , Carspach was spared from destruction - unlike the nearby villages of Hirsingue and Seppois-le-Bas . During the wars of liberation (1814/1815) Cossacks took up quarters in Carspach.
The town hall and primary school building ( Mairie-école ) was built in 1841 and was rebuilt in 1918 after being destroyed. A separate, larger school building in Carspach was built in 1909.
The fire station was built in 1881/1882, and in 1891 the Altkirch - Ferrette railway line was built without a stop through Carspach. Passenger transport on this route was discontinued in 1951 and all operations in 1968.
During the First World War , in 1916 the German army dug a 150 meter long tunnel, the so-called “Kilian tunnel”, in the hinterland of the trenches on Lerchenberg near Carspach. This was badly damaged by French artillery fire on March 18, 1918, with 34 soldiers being buried. The remains of 21 of these soldiers were only recovered in 2011 after the tunnel had been rediscovered and archaeologically examined when a bypass was built.
Industrialization found its way into Carspach after the First World War, when a Mülhausen textile company opened a branch here. Until then agriculture dominated, especially the cultivation of wheat, hemp and rapeseed.
In 1934 and 1935 Carspach got a sewer system, which went hand in hand with the renovation of the streets and gutters.
Carspach was a military base until 1993. The three-story buildings of the barracks complex from 1937, which are grouped around an inner courtyard, are now part of the Quartier Plessier industrial park .
Château Sonnenberg
Sonnenberg Castle was built in 1818 for Philippine Baroness von Reinach , who lived in Luxembourg and was the last mistress of Mersch . The castle was not far from the family seat in neighboring Hirtzbach . In 1893 it was sold by her heirs, who named the property Sonnenberg . The new owner, Pastor Ellerbach, rebuilt the castle and offered cures there using the Kneipp methods ( Kneipp'sche Heilanstalt Ellerbach ). The castle was destroyed by bombs in 1915 and was not rebuilt afterwards. After 1918, new buildings were built on the site at Rue du Moulin 1, which were used by the “Sisters of Divine Providence” ( Sœurs de la Divine Providence ). Today the "Institut Sonnenberg", a technical and vocational university, has its domicile here.
In Carspach there was another castle, called the Oberschloss . The undated plan of the castle is now in the Altkirch city archive . The complex probably came from the late 18th century. The castle must have been demolished between 1828 (sales document) and 1833 because it no longer appeared in the cadastre that was newly created in 1833. The street name Rue du Château still reminds of the castle today .
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2017 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 1448 | 1685 | 1676 | 1666 | 1546 | 1620 | 1816 | 2044 | |
| Sources: Cassini and INSEE | |||||||||
coat of arms
The coat of arms shows St. George , the patron saint of Carspach, on a blue background , in golden armor on a silver horse.
Culture and sights
Construction of the Saint-Georges Church began in 1832 in place of an older building mentioned as early as 1280. Various construction defects forced modernization in 1853 and 1854. After being destroyed in the First World War, the church was rebuilt. A sacristy was added after 1934.
The village festival (“Fascht around d'Bach”) takes place annually at the end of August.
Economy and Infrastructure
In Carspach there are not only small service and handicraft companies but also some industrial companies. Thus, the for Minova AG companies belonging Cocentall among other anchor for the mining and tunneling ago. In addition, there are 24 farms in the community (grain cultivation, beekeeping, horse breeding).
The municipality of Carspach has a kindergarten and is a primary school location. In the former Schloss Sonnenberg there is a technical university with boarding school. The private school has been in close contact with the business school of the commercial school in Lörrach since 2000 .
Carspach is well connected to the national road network due to its proximity to the Altkirch transport hub . The D 432 trunk road runs along the right bank of the Ill from Mulhouse via Altkirch to Ferrette . The D 419 trunk road from Basel to Belfort runs through the north of the municipality . The nearby Altkirch train station is on the Paris – Mulhouse line .
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Haut-Rhin. Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Paris 1998, ISBN 2-84234-036-1 , p. 47.
- Bruno Ramirez: Un village de Sundgau sous l'Ancien régime. Carspach. Ramirez, Le Chesnay 2010, ISBN 978-2-7466-2129-9 , studies of historical and genealogical data from Carspach , period 1680–1789 and sources from the 15th century.
supporting documents
- ↑ Carspach on hirtzbach.free.fr (French)
- ↑ Julius Kindler von Knobloch: Upper Baden gender book . Volume 1, Winter, Heidelberg 1898, p. 82, (digitized version)
- ↑ Mairie, École à Carspach on patrimoine-de-france.org ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ↑ École à Carspach on patrimoine-de-france.org ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ^ Archeology in Germany , Issue 1/2012, page 6
- ↑ Illustrated post of the Mail Online (English)
- ↑ Barracks on patrimoine-de-france.org ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ↑ mambra.lu / Josef Reuter: Geschichte der Herrschaft Mersch ( Memento of the original from February 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Château Sonnenberg on patrimoine-de-france.org ( Memento of the original from June 12, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ^ Institut Sonnenberg ( Memento of the original from March 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ↑ Oberschloss on patrimoine-de-france.org ( memento of the original from October 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ↑ Carspach on cassini.ehess.fr
- ↑ Carspach on insee.fr
- ↑ Coat of arms on archives.cg68.fr ( Memento of the original from December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file, French)
- ↑ carspach.fr/La paroissie ( Memento of the original from July 5, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ↑ Farms on annuaire-mairie.fr (French)
