Hirtzbach
| Hirtzbach | ||
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Haut-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Altkirch | |
| Community association | Sundgau | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 36 ' N , 7 ° 13' E | |
| height | 298-417 m | |
| surface | 13.91 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,442 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 104 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 68118 | |
| INSEE code | 68139 | |
 Mairie Hirtzbach |
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Hirtzbach ( Ger. Hirzbach ) is a French commune with 1,442 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Haut-Rhin department in the Grand Est region . It belongs to the arrondissement Altkirch , the canton Altkirch and the municipality association Sundgau .
geography
The community of Hirtzbach lies in the valley of the eponymous Hirtzbach , which flows into the Ill at the northern end of the village center . The Sundgau municipality is three kilometers from Altkirch and 27 kilometers from Basel .
Neighboring communities of Hirtzbach are Altkirch in the northeast, Hirsingue in the east, Hagenthal-le-Bas in the south, Largitzen and Hindlingen in the southwest, Fulleren in the west and Carspach in the northwest.
history
The name can be derived from the Hirschbach , which can also be found in the Redenden coat of arms .
Artifacts from the Upper Palaeolithic on the banks of the Hirtzbach suggest a very early settlement of the area on the Ill. From Gallo-Roman times , there are still streets in the fields and forests around Hirtzbach.
The place name first appeared in 1274 in a document from the Counts of Pfirt . With the settlement, which was divided into a Niederdorf (around the church of St. Mauritius) and an upper village with the church of St. Afra am Berg, a ministerial official of the Pfirter County was enfeoffed. This gave rise to the Hirtzbach rule, which existed until 1477.
The village was badly affected in the Thirty Years War . During the Sixth Coalition War , a unit of Cossacks who fought on the Austro-Hungarian side spent the winter of 1813/14 in the village.
With the construction of the Altkirch - Ferrette railway line in 1891, Hirtzbach was also connected to the railway network. The line was closed in 1968.
In the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, attempts were made several times to recycle the oil sands around Hirtzbach, which failed due to the lack of economic efficiency.
During the First World War , the deadlocked front line ran immediately west of Hirtzbach for a long time. The residents were evacuated to Württemberg. There were also evacuations to Saxony and Württemberg during the Second World War .
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2017 | |
| Residents | 961 | 979 | 1106 | 1128 | 1143 | 1183 | 1259 | 1442 | |
| Sources: Cassini and INSEE | |||||||||
Culture and sights
Hirtzbach is one of the few Alsatian communities that has the label Village Fleuri - 4 fleurs (city of flowers - 4 flowers).
St. Mauritius Church
The church of St. Mauritius (Saint-Maurice), built in neoclassical style from 1834 to 1837, replaces a previous building. It is characterized by a massive westwork with a bell tower and a five-bay nave . The choir ends in an apse , on the north side of which is a sacristy . In the church there is a painting by Sebastian Gutzwiller depicting the martyrdom of Saint Mauritius .
Chapel of St. Afra
In the Middle Ages, the village of Hirtzbach consisted of two parts, each with its own parish: Hirtzbach-le-Haut (Oberhirzbach) with the mother church of Sainte-Afre (St. Afra) and Hirtzbach-le-Bas (Niederhirzbach) around the church of Saint-Maurice ( St. Mauritius). Mentioned for the first time in 1303, St. Afra remained a parish church until the revolution. The name St. Afra could have been brought from Roman soldiers. The proximity to a prehistoric excavation site that points to the Romans in the 2nd century, as the historians L. Pfleger and FX Kraus explained , would speak for this . The current chapel was redesigned in 1741 according to historical information. After the French Revolution, the building gradually fell into disrepair. A thorough renovation took place between 1973 and 1976: the windows were renewed, the woodwork of the choir and all the statues were restored. A gilded tabernacle came to light under the high altar, which was whitewashed at the time of the revolution . On the high altar are the statues of St. Joseph to the right of the tabernacle, St. Anthony to the left, as well as angels and a pelican. A Pietà from the late 15th century can be seen on the left side altar . It is 73 cm high, 48 cm wide and 20 cm deep and is made of linden wood. After another interior renovation in 1987, the outside of the Sainte Afre chapel was completely renewed, the roof was repaired and new plaster was applied. There are sculptures depicting a compass rose above the door and on the left side facade of the ship. In 1997 wood protection measures were carried out in the chapel. The fountain in front of the chapel - emerged from an earlier baptistery - was known for its miraculous water: children with skin diseases were bathed here.
St. Mauritius Church
Chapel of St. Afra
Interior view of the Chapel of St-Afra
St. Glücker's Chapel ( Chapelle Saint-Léger )
Economy and Infrastructure
There are 13 farms in the municipality (grain cultivation, dairy farming, horse and poultry farming).
The D 432 trunk road from Altkirch to Ferrette runs through the municipality of Hirtzbach . Altkirch station, four kilometers from Hirtbach, is on the Paris – Mulhouse railway line .
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Haut-Rhin. Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Paris 1998, ISBN 2-84234-036-1 , pp. 574-578.
supporting documents
- ↑ History abstract ( Memento of the original from April 15, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on hirtzbach.fr (French)
- ↑ Hirtzbach on cassini.ehess.fr
- ↑ Hirtzbach on insee.fr
- ↑ Entry on patrimoine-de-france.org ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ↑ Translated from an information board at the entrance to the chapel with no information on the author.
- ↑ Farms on annuaire-mairie.fr (French)
Web links
- Community presentation (French)
- private website about Hirtzbach (French)
- Population statistics