Reichenhain (Röderland)

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Reichenhain
Röderland municipality
Reichenhain coat of arms
Coordinates: 51 ° 27 ′ 30 ″  N , 13 ° 25 ′ 42 ″  E
Height : 90 m
Residents : 289  (2013)
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 04932
Area code : 035341

Reichenhain is a district of the municipality of Röderland in the southeastern part of Brandenburg in the Elbe-Elster district and belonged to the Bad Liebenwerda district until the district reform in Brandenburg in 1993 . It has an area of 6.2 km², has 289 inhabitants and is located on the left side of the Röder Canal , which flows into the Black Elster just a few kilometers later at Haida . The place is located about 90 km east of Leipzig , about 50 km northwest of Dresden , about 130 km south of Berlin and about 80 km southwest of Cottbus .

history

Reichenhain

First documented mention in the late Middle Ages

Reichenhain was first mentioned in a document in 1335 as Rychinheim . Originally the village belonged to the Würdenhain rule , where there is evidence of a fortified structure in the form of a castle or palace and which was probably built on an old Slavic fortification in the first quarter of the 11th century . The communities of Prieschka , Haida, Würdenhain and Oschätze as well as originally also Kosilenzien and Kröbeln belonged to the rule Würdenhain . The so-called Oppach formed the core of the rule . Later the rule went up in the Mühlberg office , where taxes and compulsory services had to be performed. The residents of Reichenhain have always been farming and raising animals .

Early modern age

In 1564, the Würdenhain Kretzschmann Hans Bräunig, as the spokesman for the farmers in Würdenhain and the neighboring villages of Reichenhain, Haida and Prieschka, started an uprising against the Mühlberg magistrate Fuchs . As a result, Dresden first ordered inquiries about the Rehdelsführer , so in any case saw the farmers' actions as dangerous and punishable. Hans Breunig , who was initially arrested, and several other farmers were later fined.

The listed village green of Reichenhain

In the Thirty Years War Reichenhain was particularly affected by Swedish troops. The village was hit particularly hard in 1637, when the Swedish troops of General Johan Banér captured the not far away Torgau in January and camped there until early summer. They roamed the adjacent Elbe-Elster area, plundered the places and set them on fire. As old files report, the general ruin of the land particularly ruined the village of Reichenhain . As in the other Röder villages of Saathain and Würdenhain, the houses and farms were in ruins. In the post-war years, requests were repeatedly made to cancel the debts on the various Hufengoods, which were accumulated, for example, through hereditary interest, Hufengeld, service fee and land tax. More than forty years later, in 1679, there was still a Hufengut in desolation, which the Saathain blacksmith Paul Schmid wanted to accept at that time and offered 1  guilder for it. At the same time, however, he demanded six years of freedom from all burdens . In the years 1783 and 1826 a hunter's house was mentioned in Reichenhain, in which the district forester of the Oppach lived.

Reichenhain's children had to attend school in Würdenhain, where the village was parish, from the age of ten. Here they were instructed by the sexton . In the village itself there was only one so-called “Wandelschule”, to which the younger children were brought and received their first basic instruction. In 1830, a school was finally built in Reichenhain. The master carpenter Jost from Liebenwerda made the drawing . The Saathain carpenter Naumann took over the construction of the building for 354  thalers , excluding manual and clamping services, which had to be carried out by the community itself. In 1835 there were 27 houses in Reichenhain, 150 inhabitants with 34  horses , 194 head of cattle, 6 goats and 65 pigs.

In 1853, at the instigation of the royal government in Merseburg, new negotiations began on the school building, which after 23 years was poor and inadequate. She demanded an expansion of the building and an increase in the teacher's salary to 120 thalers, which previously amounted to 106 thalers and 15  groschen . However, the negotiations were unsuccessful, so the schoolhouse was closed in 1858. The children were then educated in Würdenhain and Oschätze. New negotiations finally led to the construction of a new school in the south of the village in 1861.

Modern times

Fire station
The memorial stone inaugurated in 2007

On April 1, 1900, the now historic bell tower was inaugurated in Reichenhain and in 1910 Reichenhain had 292 residents.

During the First World War twelve residents of Reichenhain died or have been missing since then. The sports club Wacker Reichenhain was founded in 1919 and the Reichenhain volunteer fire brigade in 1935 . The Reichenhain residents went through difficult times during World War II . At that time 34 men fell or have been missing since then. The troops of the Red Army belonging to the 1st Ukrainian Front reached 1,945 Reichenhain on 22 April. After their invasion of the village, five residents were killed, to whom a memorial stone was dedicated in 2007.

In 1948 the Reichenhain fire brigade had a strength of 48 men. The polytechnic high school in Zobersdorf was formed in 1955 as part of a school association with the surrounding villages of Reichenhain, Zeischa , Prieschka, Oschätze, Kröbeln and Schweinfurth.

In 1975 the athletes' home was built and a lawn was laid out and in 1977 a new fire station was inaugurated. In 1979 the construction of the bowling alley began.

The Reichenhainer fire brigade has been part of the Prösen district since 1993 . In the same year, an LF8 Opel Blitz fire fighting vehicle was acquired from the Obernheim partner fire brigade . On November 29, 1995, the bell tower was returned to its intended use after a thorough restoration with great sympathy from the residents. Around 2000 hours of voluntary work by the Reichenhainer fire brigade went into the expanded fire station that was inaugurated in 2002.

On October 26, 2003, the villages of Prösen, Haida, Wainsdorf , Saathain, Stolzenhain an der Röder and Reichenhain merged to form the municipality of Röderland .

On April 14, 2005 the Reichenhain fire brigade received a portable pump vehicle water (TSF / W), which has a capacity of 750 liters. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the volunteer fire brigade, a large parade of the fire brigades of the official area, the surrounding area and the Obernheim fire brigade took place through the village in the same year.

Population development

Population development of Reichenhain from 1875 to 2002
year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents
1875 200 1946 475 1989 373 1995 367 2001 354
1890 250 1950 483 1990 382 1996 391 2002 345
1910 300 1964 392 1991 380 1997 384 2007 318
1925 355 1971 403 1992 371 1998 374 2013 289
1933 355 1981 400 1993 371 1999 368
1939 365 1985 402 1994 369 2000 352

Culture and sights

Buildings and monuments

Reichenhainer bell tower
War memorial

The medieval village green of Reichenhain is well preserved in its original form and is today considered a ground monument.

In the village there also is one now under monument protection standing bell tower . It was inaugurated on April 1st, 1900 and is the landmark of the place today. The building is a donation from Johann Strauch , local judge a. D. to Reichenhain. The bell founder Franz Schilling in Apolda took over the production of the bell.

Another monument is the Reichenhainer war memorial . In the middle of the memorial there is a stele made of red Main sandstone for the victims of the First World War with the names of the fallen residents of the place. Behind the stele there is a set back, to the right and left two nameplates framed in red sandstone blocks for the Reichenhain soldiers who died in World War II . In July 2007 a memorial stone was inaugurated in the immediate vicinity of the war memorial for those five residents who died after the Red Army marched into Reichenhain.

The Reichenhainer restaurant is rich in tradition. Around 1915 it was owned by Richard Lindner. In 1937 the inn was taken over by Willy and Minna Eichhorn and remained in the family's possession for decades. Extensive renovation work on the building took place in 1966, 1983, 1993 and most recently in 2004. In 1993, the inn was named Zum Eichhörnchen . Awarded several times in competitions in the state of Brandenburg, "the squirrel" became very well known in southern Brandenburg and northern Saxony. After Matthias and Ilona Eichhorn were unable to continue their work for health reasons, there was a change of ownership after almost eight decades. The inn has been run by Enrico Wenzel and Mareike Hopstock since April 2015.

Club life

Active clubs are the sports club Wacker Reichenhain , founded in 1919 , as well as the Reichenhainer country women and the Reichenhain volunteer fire brigade , who helped with the renovation of the area at the war memorial in 2007 with their work.

Personalities

  • Helmut Walther (born September 20, 1920), Reichenhain's mayor from 1961 to 1987, was awarded the honorary citizenship certificate of the municipality of Röderland on June 26, 2010 due to his services to the place as part of the 675th anniversary celebration of the village.

Footnotes and individual references

  1. Johann Gottfried Gruber , Johann Samuel Publication : General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts . Section 1, Part 7. Leipzig 1821 ( books.google.de ).
  2. The Black Magpie. No. 433, 1932.
  3. ^ M. Karl Fitzkow : On the older history of the city of Liebenwerda and its district area. Booklet 2, series of publications by the Bad Liebenwerda District Museum, 1961, p. 68.
  4. ^ Rudolf Matthies: History of the village Würdenhain. ( Memento of the original from January 8, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 231 kB) 1953. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / rcswww.urz.tu-dresden.de
  5. The Black Magpie. 1985, No. 19, pp. 8-10. (The source of the statistical information is a book by Carl von Lichtenberg, Die Chronik der Stadt Liebenwerda , published in 1837. )
  6. The Black Magpie. No. 122, 1910.
  7. Liebenwerda district. on: gemeindeververzeichnis.de
  8. ^ Website of the sports club Wacker Reichenhain.
  9. ^ Meeting of Zobersdorfer teachers , Lausitzer Rundschau , Bad Liebenwerda regional edition, May 11, 2005
  10. Voluntary community mergers 2003.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on: lpa.brandenburg.de@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.lpa.brandenburg.de  
  11. Reichenhain cleared everything for his birthday. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. Regional edition Bad Liebenwerda, June 26, 2005.
  12. ^ Historical municipality register 2005 for Brandenburg statistik.brandenburg.de (PDF)
  13. Online project Memorials to Fallen
  14. ^ Matthias and Ilona Eichhorn ( Memento from October 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  15. ^ Brandenburg's winner in the restaurant competition . Tagesspiegel, January 13, 2000
  16. And the squirrels stay there too, Lausitzer Rundschau from January 23, 2015
  17. Opening announcement in the Facebook profile Gasthaus Eichhörnchen
  18. Helmut Walther is Reichenhain's first honorary citizen. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. Regional edition Elsterwerda, June 29, 2010.

Web links

Commons : Reichenhain  - collection of images, videos and audio files