Świerzawa

Świerzawa
	Świerzawa
	Świerzawa
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Lower Silesia
Powiat :	Złotoryja
Area :	1.76 km²
Geographic location :	51 ° 1 ′ N , 15 ° 54 ′ E Coordinates: 51 ° 1 ′ 0 ″ N , 15 ° 54 ′ 0 ″ E
Height :	296 m npm
Residents :	2286 ; (Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code :	59-540
Telephone code :	(+48) 75
License plate :	DZL
Economy and Transport
Street :	Złotoryja - Wojcieszów
Next international airport :	Wroclaw
Gmina
Gminatype:	Urban and rural municipality
Gmina structure:	11 school offices
Surface:	157.72 km²
Residents:	7552 ; (June 30, 2019)
Population density :	48 inhabitants / km²
Community number ( GUS ):	0226043
Administration (as of 2007)
Mayor :	Józef Kołcz
Address:	pl. Wolności 60 ; 59-540 Świerzawa
Website :	www.swierzawa.pl
	; ;

Świerzawa [ ɕfjɛ'ʐava ] (German Schönau an der Katzbach ) is a city in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. It belongs to the Euroregion Neisse .

Geographical location

The city is located twelve kilometers south of Złotoryja ( Goldberg ) at the confluence of the Steinbach and the Katzbach ( Kaczawa ). The Siegfriedshöhe with a beautiful view is located near the city .

history

There are contradicting representations about the origin of the town of Schönau. On the one hand, old chronicles tell of a foundation in 1159 and a Slavic predecessor settlement. Sonowe is first mentioned in a confirmation document from 1268, which, however, concerns the southeastern village of Altschönau and gives rise to the assumption that the city did not exist at that time. The shape of the city, which is strongly reminiscent of an elongated street village with a village green , speaks for the early founding time during the settlement of the forests in the south and west of Goldberg by the dukes of the Duchy of Liegnitz .

The other, previously widespread view, that Duke Bolko I von Löwenberg-Jauer only founded the city in 1296, in order to create the villages in the upper valley of the Katzbach, which previously became the Goldberger Weichbild after the division of the Duchy of Liegnitz in 1278, remains equally unconfirmed were part of creating a new center. This is contradicted by the fact that Bolko I carried out a notarization in Scenowe as early as 1295 .

There is evidence that Schönau had been the center of a soft landscape since the end of the 13th century and was mentioned in documents as a town in 1321. Apart from two city gates, the Hirschberger and the Neustädter Tor, the city had no city fortifications. From 1381 to 1382 the Assumption Church was built on the market as a subsidiary church of St. Johannis. At the beginning of the 15th century, the town church was elevated to a parish church and the late Romanesque fortified church from around 1215, located on a hill between Schönau and Röversdorf, served the town only as a cemetery church.

In 1534 the town bought the hereditary bailiwick, which had been owned by the Titze and Zedlitz families since 1321 , from Otto von Zedlitz . In 1608 a fire destroyed large parts of the city, including the town hall. All municipal documents and certificates were lost. In the following years Schönau always remained in the shadow of Goldberg and Hirschberg, the Schönau citizens lived from agriculture and handicrafts .

As a result of the First Silesian War , Schönau and most of Silesia fell to Prussia . In 1818 it was raised to the seat of a district together with Bolkenhain as part of the district reform . In 1896 the city was connected to the railway network with the connection from Goldberg via Schönau to Merzdorf . At the beginning of the 20th century Schönau had a Protestant church, a Catholic church and a district court. In 1932 the city lost its seat by merging the districts of Schönau and Goldberg-Haynau to form the district of Goldberg .

1945 Schönau belonged to the district Goldberg in district Liegnitz the Prussian province of Lower Silesia of the German Reich .

After the end of the Second World War , Schönau was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power . The Poles revoked Schönau's town charter and named it Szonów from 1945 to 1948 , then Świerzawa . Unless they had fled before, the German native population was expelled from Schönau in 1946 by the local Polish administrative authority .

Since 1957 Świerzawa has had the status of an urban settlement.

Population development

year	Residents	Remarks
1905	1,706	mostly evangelicals
1933	1,748
1939	1.912

Town twinning

Kottmar , Germany

local community

The area of the urban and rural municipality Świerzawa has a size of 157.72 km² on which 7845 inhabitants (2005) live. This includes the following eleven school offices:

Biegoszów ( Hundorf )
Dobków ( Klein Helmsdorf )
Gozdno ( Herrmannswaldau )
Lubiechowa ( Hohenliebenthal )
Nowy Kościół ( Neukirch )
Podgórki ( Tiefhartmannsdorf )
Rząśnik ( Schönwaldau )
Rzeszówek ( Reichwaldau )
Sędziszowa ( Röversdorf )
Sokołowiec ( Falkenhain ) and
Stara Kraśnica ( Altschönau )

Personalities

Karl Christian Eduard Hiersemenzel (1825–1869), lawyer
Fritz Kühne (1883–1972), Lieutenant General
Walther Bolz (1901–1970), veterinary surgeon
Elisabeth Volkenrath (1919–1945), superintendent in Auschwitz
Eberhard Heinrich (1926–2019), politician and chairman of the GDR journalists' association