Schmiecha

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Schmiecha / Schmeie
The mouth of the Schmeie from the right into the Danube (view up the Danube)

The mouth of the Schmeie from the right into the Danube (view up the Danube)

Data
Water code EN : 1118
location Swabian Alb

Baden-Württemberg

River system Danube
Drain over Danube  → Black Sea
source near Albstadt - Onstmettingen
48 ° 17 ′ 40 ″  N , 8 ° 57 ′ 46 ″  E
Source height 848  m above sea level NN
muzzle north of Inzigkofen in the Danube Coordinates: 48 ° 4 ′ 46 ″  N , 9 ° 9 ′ 13 ″  E 48 ° 4 ′ 46 ″  N , 9 ° 9 ′ 13 ″  E
Mouth height approx.  577  m above sea level NN
Height difference approx. 271 m
Bottom slope approx. 6.5 ‰
length 41.4 km
Catchment area 155.454 km²
Discharge at the Untermeien
A Eo gauge : 150 km²
Location: 2.7 km above the mouth
NNQ (08/10/1950)
MNQ 1932–2006
MQ 1932–2006
Mq 1932–2006
MHQ 1932–2006
HHQ (03/25/1988)
81 l / s
283 l / s
1.56 m³ / s
10.4 l / (s km²)
9.05 m³ / s
17.1 m³ / s

The Schmiecha , called Schmeie from the municipality border to Straßberg , is a river in the Swabian Alb . After a 41 km long south-southeast run between Inzigkofen and its hamlet Dietfurt in the Baden-Württemberg district of Sigmaringen, it flows into the upper Danube from the left .

geography

course

Contained source of the Schmiecha directly next to the NSG Geifitze , behind the bladder mountain on the Albtrauf
Häule rock group in the Schmeie valley below Unterschmeien
Looking up the valley from Ebingen to Onstmettingen

The Schmiecha rises northwest of Albstadt - Onstmettingen at an altitude of 848 meters just a few hundred meters south of the European watershed in the Geifitze nature reserve south of the bladder mountain . The source is only about one kilometer northeast of the uppermost course of the Klingenbach , which drains into the Rhine via the Eyach and Neckar .

On its way towards the Danube, the Schmiecha first crosses the Albstadt districts of Onstmettingen, Tailfingen , Truchtelfingen and Ebingen . The Schmiechatal is also known as the "Talgang" in the urban area of ​​Albstadt.

In Albstadt, large parts of the Schmiecha were laid underground or enclosed with concrete walls. In Onstmettingen, the Schmiecha runs under Emil-Nolde-Straße from the corner of Hauptstraße / Thanheimer Straße to the corner of Rosenstraße / Schwabstraße. Underground areas in Tailfingen are Mühlstrasse in the area of ​​the fire station and the town center from the corner of Mühlstrasse / Heusteigstrasse to the corner of Lenaustraße / Am Markt (Verdolung 1963/64). In Truchtelfingen, the Schmiecha flows under Konrad-Adenauer-Straße at the Talgangstraße intersection. Verdolt in Ebingen is the area from the Albstadt festival hall to Sigmundstraße, under Schmiechastraße in the Schmeihengäßle intersection area, in the area of ​​Untere Vorstadt street from Bleichestraße to Poststraße.

From Albstadt-Truchtelfingen, part of the water sinks into the karst system, which comes back from layer springs in Ebingen.

After the river has left Albstadt, it is called Schmeie. It flows through the towns of Straßberg and its district of Kaiseringen , the district of Stetten Storzingen and the Sigmaringen districts of Ober- and Unterschmeien .

The Schmeie flows into the Danube northwest of the municipality of Inzigkofen . Here, at the current exit of the Beuron Danube Gorge , she washed out numerous caves from the mass limestone rocks of the Jura sponge facies after the White Jurassic era . Some of them, like the “Fog Grotto” in the Princely Park Inzigkofen , served as Stone Age caves .

Catchment area

The Schmiecha drains a 155 km² catchment area in the Swabian Alb , which extends from the Albtrauf between Bisingen and Onstmettingen south-south-east to the Albdonau. With its upper parts and an edge strip on the plateau to the right above the river valley, it belongs to the Hohe Schwabenalb natural area . The valley from around Straßberg is counted as part of the Baaralb and Upper Danube Valley natural area , the high areas to the left of this lower valley as part of the Middle Area Alb .

Because of the karstified White Jura on the Alb, the catchment area has only a few superficial watercourses. It borders briefly in the north and longer in the east-northeast on the catchment area of ​​the Neckar tributary Starzel . The rest of the left watershed borders on the catchment area of ​​the Fehla and its receiving water Lauchert . Both strive almost parallel to the Schmiecha to the Danube. Beyond the right watershed, the Bära run at a greater distance and finally their left upper course, the Obere Bära, also run parallel to the Danube (from the mouth to around Meßstetten). They are separated from the Schmiecha by a large area, which on the surface at most occasionally drains through dry valleys to the Danube.

On the opposite side of the upper western watershed between Meßstetten and the Heiligenkopf , the Eyach collects the runoff and runs towards the Neckar.

Tributaries, lakes and dry valleys

List of tributaries, inflowing dry valleys and RiverIcon-SmallLake.svglakes from the source to the mouth. Length of water, lake area, catchment area and altitude according to the corresponding layers on the LUBW online map. Other sources for the information are noted. As a rule, only the dry valleys are named with names to be found in the springs.

Origin of the Schmiecha at about 848  m above sea level. NN at the Geifitze single farm in the Onstmettingen district of the city of Albstadt .

  • (Dry valley Ruchtal ), from the left in the area of ​​the Geifitze nature reserve between Geifitze and Onstmettingen
  • (Dry valley Langental ), from the left and east in Onstmettingen
  • (Fresh water drainage Brunnental ), from the left and east to about 798  m above sea level. NN in Onstmettingen, 1.3 km. Starts at about 848  m above sea level. NN in the upper Brunnental on the Steigenschlinge to Hohberg.
  • Stettbächle, from the right and west to about 790  m above sea level. NN at the southern end of Onstmettingens in front of the Tailfinger Ried nature reserve , approx. 0.8 km and approx. 1.6 km². Arises at about 807.7  m above sea level. NN in a damp side valley stump between the Onstmettinger Heuberg and the Stetthalde .
  • (Trockenental Buchtal ), from the left and east-northeast at the beginning of Tailfingen.
  • (Dry valley Langes Tal ), from the right and about west in Tailfingen between the Tailfinger Heuberg and the Braunhartsberg .
  • (Dry valley Holdertal ), from the left and northeast in Truchtelfingen.
  • Reichenbach , from the right and west southwest to about 746  m above sea level. NN in Truchtelfingen, 2.9 km and 4.3 km². Arises at 841  m above sea level. NN south-southeast of the Reichenbach farm.
  • Riedbach , from the right and west to about 703  m above sea level. NN at the railway bridge in Ebingen, 3.4 km and 7.3 km². Arises at about 738  m above sea level. NN , at the top of the pass to the Eyachtal, west of the allotment garden on the western edge of Ebingen.
  • (Dry valley Kriesenloch ), from the right and west at the Ehestetter Hof
  • (Floodplain), from the right and west-northwest to just under 690  m above sea level. NN in the beginning Eselmühle nature reserve, 0.8 km and 2.9 km². Arises at about 696  m above sea level. NN in the Aue opposite the Ehestetter pumping station . Most of the catchment area lies above the dry valley Zerrissenes Loch, which tapers from the plateau .
  • (Return of the engine channel of the Eselmühle), from the left and west to about 683  m above sea level. NN shortly before the end of the Eselmühle nature reserve, 1.6 km and 0.3 km². Goes to a little over 690  m above sea level. NN at the Ehestetter mill to the left.
  • Gänsbrunnen, from the left and west-north-west to almost 680  m above sea level. NN at the beginning of Straßberg, 1.5 km and 6.7 km². Most of the catchment area is contributed by a south-facing dry valley, in the lower part of which the quarry on the Schachen is located.
    • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgFlows at about 687  m above sea level. NN a pond next to the Eselmühlen drive canal under the Neuhaus on the slope, 0.2 ha.
  • (Dry valley Heutäle ), from the left and east-northeast in northern Straßberg.
  • (Dry valley Höfental ), from the right and west in the southern Straßberg.
  • (Trockental Mühltal ), from the left and northeast at the Untermühle to Straßberg.
  • ( Katzental dry valley ), from the right and west-southwest to Kaiseringen.
  • (Engine canal pumping station), from the left east of Frohnstetten on the right edge of the hill, 0.3 km. Goes to just 650  m above sea level beforehand . NN to the left.
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgDrains a pond at about 540  m above sea level. NN on the left of the run a little before Storzingen, below 0.2 ha.
  • (Inflow from the Storzinger Tal ), from the right and west-southwest to below 640  m above sea level. NN in Storzingen on the Schmiechabrücke of the L 218 to Stetten am kalten Markt, 3.0 km and 8.6 km². Arises at about 780  m above sea level. NN on the eastern edge of Stetten.
  • (Trockenentäler Kirchtal and Hagtal ), from the right and west-southwest on both sides of the spur of the Heidenschloss ruins.
  • (Dry valley Kesseltal  ?), From the left and northeast a little after the Hagtal.
  • ( Reutetal dry valley  ?), From the right and west-northwest just before Oberschmeien.
  • (Engine duct in Oberschmeien), to and from the right to heights of about 620  m above sea level. NN in Oberschmeien, 0.3 km.
  • (Dry valley from the Guipstein cave), from the left and northeast in the lower Oberschmeien.
  • (Trockenental Weintal ), from the left and northeast in front of Untermeien.
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgPassed at about 610  m above sea level. NN a pond on the right of the run below Oberschmeien, under 0.1 ha.
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgPassed at almost 590  m above sea level. NN three clarification ponds to the right of the run a little below Untermeiden, each about 0.1 ha.
  • (Dry valley Feldackertal ), from the right and west-northwest immediately after the clarification ponds .
  • (Trockenental Kirchtal ), from the left and east-northeast.

Mouth of the now Schmeie called Schmiecha from the left and west-northwest to about 577  m above sea level. NN between its hamlet Dietfurt and Inzigkofen in the upper Danube . The river is 41.4 km long and has a catchment area of ​​155.5 km².

Protected areas

Between Stetten and Inzigkofen lies the conservation area " Danube and Schmeiental " which with a size of 8,458 hectares was expelled from the district office Sigmaringen on 30 October 1987th In addition, the valley between Albstadt and Inzigkofen is protected as an FFH area " Schmeietal ".

Water quality

At the height of the textile industry in today's Albstadt, the Schmiecha was heavily polluted. So was z. B. 1968 measured a quality of 1 at the source, at all subsequent measuring points only level 5 was achieved. The water quality has been improving continuously since the 1980s. In 2004, quality class II was achieved throughout. In 2015, various renaturation measures will begin on the Schmiecha, which will be subsidized by the state of Baden-Württemberg with € 531,200 from the funding program “Water Management and Contaminated Sites 2015”.

literature

  • Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 7619 Hechingen , No. 7719 Balingen, No. 7720 Albstadt, No. 7819 Meßstetten , No. 7820 Winterlingen, No. 7821 Veringenstadt , No. 7920 Leibertingen, No. 7921 Sigmaringen
    Catchment area only .

Individual evidence

LUBW

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of ​​Schmiecha and Schmeie
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )

  1. a b c d Height according to the blue lettering on the background layer topographic map .
  2. a b Height according to the contour line image on the topographic map background layer .
  3. a b Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
  4. a b catchment area after the layer aggregated areas 04 .
  5. Lake area after the layer standing waters .
  6. ↑ Catchment area measured on the background layer topographic map .
  7. a b Length measured on the background layer topographic map .
  8. a b c d e f Catchment area according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
  9. a b Lake area measured on the background layer topographic map .

Other

  1. ^ German Hydrological Yearbook Danube Region 2006 Bavarian State Office for the Environment, p. 84, accessed on October 4, 2017, from: bestellen.bayern.de (PDF, German, 24.2 MB).
  2. Lustwandeln.eu: Along the river: The Schmiecha / Schmeie from the source at the Albtrauf near Onstmettingen to the confluence with the Danube near Sigmaringen , accessed on April 9, 2016
  3. Zollernalbkurier: Construction work, Tailfinger Mitte: What is slumbering deep underground? , accessed April 9, 2016
  4. RVNA: Use of hydropower in the Neckar-Alb region, June 2010 , accessed on April 9, 2016
  5. Friedrich Huttenlocher : Geographical Land Survey: The natural space units on sheet 178 Sigmaringen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1959. →  Online map (PDF; 4.3 MB)
  6. State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg, Directory of Biological Testing Centers and their Quality Development, page A-27 , accessed on April 11, 2015
  7. nationalatlas.de: Development of biological water quality, p. 134 Measurement of the Danube after the mouth of the Schmiecha
  8. ^ State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg: Water, contaminated sites, flowing waters, p.86 / F-22
  9. State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg, Directory of Biological Testing Centers and their Quality Development, page A-27 , accessed on April 11, 2015
  10. RTF1: Investment in water management, the red-green state government is investing almost 1.3 million in the Zollernalb district
  11. State of Baden-Württemberg: Press release 117 million euros for municipal measures in the field of water management and contaminated sites , accessed on April 11, 2015

Web links

Commons : Schmeie  - album with pictures, videos and audio files