Cutting yoke

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Cutting yoke
Guffert (right) and Schneidjoch (left) from the west

Guffert (right) and Schneidjoch (left) from the west

height 1811  m above sea level A.
location Tyrol , Austria
Mountains Brandenberg Alps
Dominance 1.9 km →  Guffert
Notch height 345 m ↓  Issalm
Coordinates 47 ° 34 ′ 0 ″  N , 11 ° 47 ′ 21 ″  E Coordinates: 47 ° 34 ′ 0 ″  N , 11 ° 47 ′ 21 ″  E
Schneidjoch (Tyrol)
Cutting yoke

The Schneidjoch is an 1811  m above sea level. A. high mountain in the northernmost part of the Brandenberger Alps in Tyrol , Austria , near the border with Bavaria . It used to be assigned to the Bavarian Prealps .

topography

The mountain is the westernmost and main summit of a ridge stretching over 5 km from west to east, south of the Blauberge and north of the Guffert , to which the Abendstein ( 1596  m ) and the Raggstadtjoch ( 1545  m ) also belong, and that of the mountain group of the Natterwand is separated by the Filzmoosbach. A secondary peak ( 1,800  m ) to the east of the main peak is referred to as Rotwand in older maps .

Alpinism

The double summit is climbed from the Gufferthütte in just under an hour. It can also be climbed from the Issalm ( 1413  m ) to the south , which can be reached from the road from Achental to Steinberg or from the Kaiserhaus on the Brandenberger Ache .

Inscriptions

Inscriptions

Near the Schneidjoch there is a group of inscriptions in the rock in a spring grotto at an altitude of around 1600 m . It probably comes mainly from the period around 500 BC. BC to the birth of Christ, i.e. from pre-Roman times. Discovered by mountain hikers, it was first published by Emil Vetter in 1958. A plaster cast of clay impressions of the characters can be viewed in the Tyrolean State Museum (Museum Ferdinandeum) in Innsbruck . After groundbreaking preparatory work by Adolfo Zavaroni , Stefan Schumacher finally succeeded in deciphering and partially interpreting it, ideally for three out of a total of eight or nine inscriptions he identified as Rätisch . Schumacher reads (here with the replacement of t1 by <d> and t2, t3 by <t>, and with the beginning of the words in capitals ):

Steinberg -1: Kastriesi Etunnuale Steinberg-2: Ridauiesi Kastrinuale Steinberg-3: Esimnesi Kastrinual [e]

These three inscriptions belong together from the outside and very probably contain the consecration formulas of a family, consisting of the father named Kastrie (= Idionym , proper name ) Etunnu (= patronymic , patronymic , filiation : son of Etun ) and his two sons Ridauie Kastrinu (= Patronymicon, patronymic, filiation: son of Kastrie ) and Esimne Kastrinu (= patronymic, patronymic, filiation: son of Kastrie ). The father's formula of consecration is in the top line, with the sons' formulas of consecration in a lower row below. The two names of the sons are also known from Roman inscriptions ( Ridaus and Essimnus / Essibnus / Eximnus ). According to Rhaetian custom, these name formulas include the proper name (= the idionym) of the bearer and his patronymic (= the patronymic) to indicate the filiation. The Rhaetian personal name system is still on the preliminary stage of the system of first name ( praenomen ) and family name ( gentiliz ), which was then further developed by the Etruscans and Romans . From a grammatical point of view, the case exits of the nominative ° ie and ° e and the so-called pertinentive (meaning, for example: from / through / for) ° (e) si and ° (a) le correspond exactly to Etruscan .

Diether Schürr argued that two of the inscriptions could be written in an indo-European language that is not well known .

The inscription can be reached via the road from the Achental to Steinberg , after 3.7 km a forest road branches off to the northeast (car only with the permission of the Achenkirch forest administration ). After 5.1 km the forest road forks, from here about 40 minutes. (approx. 1500 m) footpath to the site. First follow the markings to the “ Aschenbrenner Hütte ” to the east, then follow the “ Schneidjoch-Issalm ” sign to the south, and just before the Schneidjochscharte you reach a narrow path that branches off to the west. Here it goes along the northern slopes of the Schneidjoch almost to the end of the massif. In the midst of inclined, almost vertical strata of rock, there is a crevice on the right-hand side of the entrance with the inscription. The spring grotto is secured with a grid.

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Emil Vetter, "The pre-Roman rock inscriptions from Steinberg in North Tyrol ", in: Anzeiger der phil.-hist. Class of the Austrian Academy of Sciences , 1957 (1958), No. 24, Vienna, pp. 383-398
  2. ↑ Diether Schürr: On the writing and language of the inscription on helmet B von Negau: 'Germanicity' and inner-alpine references . In: Sprachwissenschaft , 26, 2001, pp. 205-231.
  3. ↑ Stefan Schumacher: The Rhaetian Inscriptions, Innsbruck 2nd edition 2004, pp. 219–241 with 274 (plate 8) and pp. 351–354 with 366 to 369 (plates 18–21)

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