Zippendorf
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Location of Zippendorf in Schwerin |
Zippendorf is a district of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania state capital Schwerin with 1120 inhabitants (as of Sep. 2017) and an area of 147 hectares.
In the 19th century, the attractively located area on Lake Schwerin developed into a holiday and recreation area. Since the fall of the Wall in 1990, the number of inhabitants has doubled. The bathing resort is known for the Schwerin zoo , the nature reserve, the climbing forest , its lido and the promenade with representative villas and hotels in spa architecture .
geography
Zippendorf is located in the southeast of Schwerin, on the south bank of the Schweriner See and borders in the east on the district of Mueß , in the west on the district of Ostorf , and in the south on the districts of Großer Dreesch , Neu Zippendorf and Mueßer Holz . The southern basin of Lake Schwerin, known as the Inner Lake, forms a bay between Ostorf and the Ziptehorn protruding into the lake . The terrain heights are 37.8 meters on the lake shore to over 70 meters above sea level. NHN in the south. One named elevation is the 49 meter high Hexenberg near the Faulen See , which borders the district at the east end, on the grounds of the Schwerin Zoo . The historic Kurhaus Zippendorf is located on the Bornberg near the beach of the Schweriner See . Smaller areas in the east, west and south of Zippendorf are overgrown with deciduous forest.
history
Village
Zippendorf is mentioned in 1282 as villa Zuppucendorp . The name could be derived from the Old Slavic sopotŭ for rushing water or be related to the Serbian personal name Čup, Čupić and mean village of the Čupić .
As early as 1282, Count Helmold Zippendorf gave together with Göhren and Ostorf (without Ostorfer Hals) to the city of Schwerin. Zippendorp was the town's combing village. On a map from 1914, the area around the village reached almost as far south as Consrade , so it also included parts of the present-day districts of Neu Zippendorf and Mueßer Holz.
Due to the poor soil conditions and the wild grazing in the fields, the rental income from the Zippendorf combing property was low. In order to increase income, parallel to the abolition of serfdom, the field mark was regulated and linked by resolution of the magistrate in 1820 . In 1859 the Hufen was reduced in size , so that the acquired area could be leased separately. In 1877 the remaining six farms were leased . Farming families lived in poor conditions for centuries until Zippendorf developed into tourism.
Development into a resort
The ducal court recognized the scenic location and so in 1775 a promenade between Zippendorf and Mueß was laid out for Princess Charlotta, which was briefly protected from unauthorized use by princely subjects by a barrier. In the 19th century, Zippendorf developed into a place for excursions and recreation for the people of Schwerin from all walks of life, and some wealthy Hamburgers and Berliners also came here. A summer theater was opened in 1865. Until the bankruptcy of the house in 1876, this led to an increased number of visitors, which also led to conflicts between drovers and visitors. The potential for tourism was not fully exploited until the beginning of the 20th century, as the tourist infrastructure was underdeveloped, even due to boycotts by the municipal authorities. Committed citizens, who merged to form Kurhaus GmbH in 1909 , had the beach hotel with 32 beds built on the site of a former and burned down inn and the Kurhaus with 63 beds as early as 1910 . However, the environment was initially not upgraded. Three earth walls, which were used by steamships as a landing stage, hindered the exchange of water in the bay, causing the water quality to suffer and a bad smell. The beach itself served the residents as a storage place for rubbish and the hiking trails were not maintained.
At the end of the 19th century, wealthier pensioners, senior government officials, officers, teachers and pastors were increasingly drawn from the city, as the city could not offer them suitable residences with the dominant tenements. So first in Ostorf and then in Zippendorf along the lake, which was previously mainly used as a cattle trough, representative country houses were built. Land prices rose steadily, and numerous villas continued to be built despite the economic hardship of the 1920s. If possible, construction cost subsidies were also waived. Such a home was not subject to the restrictions imposed by tenant protection regulations and, given the housing shortage, there was no risk of rooms being confiscated by the housing office. Another measure to increase the attractiveness was the tram line that was extended to Zippendorf until 1921. As the land price rose, the planned expansion of Zippendorf came to a standstill and shifted to other suburbs. Among other things, the farmers demanded ten Reichsmarks per m² for the area that they had to cede for road construction.
With the outbreak of the First World War, tourist development came to a halt, rooms in the Kurhaus were rented to the artillery depot in winter, the tenants changed frequently and finally both hotels were sold at a loss in 1919.
The Zippendorf Treasury, which had been part of Schwerin since the Middle Ages and had no communal independence, was incorporated into Schwerin on March 19, 1920. To achieve this goal, the residents were promised the expansion of the village as a bathing resort and the lifelong right to house slaughter. And indeed, after 1919, the city used more funds to expand Zippendorf as a bathing and representation location, but the bathing establishment in particular still did not have a good reputation among hotel guests. The new operator of the spa hotel, like the previous owners, filed for bankruptcy in 1931. In 1937 the last still active farmers lost a large part of their arable land to expand a military training area. From 1945 the beach hotel served briefly as an auxiliary hospital for venereal diseases.
GDR
After the Second World War, the tram connection to the lakeshore in Zippendorf was resumed and, in 1963, it was expanded to two tracks and with a turning loop. The rush of visitors made it necessary to re-fill the beach in 1949 and 1965. With the construction of the Großer Dreesch prefabricated building area, the beach was enlarged again in 1982, so that there was now room for up to 4,000 bathers at the same time. In 1984 the FDGB Fritz Reuter holiday facility opened with 753 beds and its own swimming pool. It was used by 26,000 people looking for relaxation annually. After the fall of the Wall, the swimming pool was demolished and the buildings converted into a senior citizens' residence. The direct tram line to Zippendorfer Strand was operated until 1977. Refurbishment proved to be too costly, and since 1974 there was a more efficient, non-road connection to the Großer Dreesch with the Wendeschleife Zentrum there , today's Berliner Platz, from where the beach could also be reached.
The Linda factory was located in Zippendorf from 1951 until the relocation within Schwerin in 1994 . The Kurhaus am Bornberg has been used as a dormitory and clubhouse for the Tractor Schwerin sports club since 1956 .
Since 1990
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After the fall of the Wall in 1990, many of the prestigious villas in Zippendorf were extensively renovated and new building areas were opened up, and the number of inhabitants in the district almost doubled. The former touristic objects continued to be largely neglected. The historic Kurhaus has been using the Schwerin Leather Goods Combine as residential and boarding accommodation since 1984, also for foreign employees. In 1990 the Treuhand took over the building, had the roof re-covered and a new heating system installed in the hope of being able to sell the Kurhaus at a profit. But while the beach villas were gradually being renovated, the Kurhaus became a victim of vandalism after the new owner, Benno Wiese KG Berlin, filed for bankruptcy and Commerzbank, as the creditor bank, withdrew the security service. After many insolvency sale dates at the Schwerin District Court, Intercom Projektentwicklung GmbH Schwerin acquired the historic building, but failed with its marketing attempts. The same thing happened at the beginning of 2013 for the Bremen project developer Wolff, who had the site cleared and, in addition to the renovation of the Kurhaus, was planning two new buildings, one of which was not approved in the vicinity of the forest, so that the banks considered this project to be no longer financeable. The Kurhaus has been up for sale again since May 2013.
Development concept
The city of Schwerin plans to focus the character of Zippendorf and the neighboring district of Mueß to the east more on tourism instead of purely residential use. To this end, improvements to the infrastructure for walkers, cyclists, car and boat drivers are being considered. For example, a pier with bridge building and catering, a place for campers , a water hiker resting place and a marina are being considered for Zippendorf . The island of Rabbitwerder is also to be included in the overall concept, for example for a Zippendorf – Mueß – Rabbitwerder water circuit. Private investors planned u. a. the construction of new residential buildings at the beach hotel in the style of spa architecture and holiday apartments at the restaurant “Zur Fähre”, however, were blocked for a long time by the city of Schwerin.
Zippendorf nature reserve
The Zippendorf nature conservation station is located on the southern shore of Lake Schwerin, across from the islands of Rabbitwerder and Ziegelwerder . It was formerly a communal institution and was taken over by a sponsoring association in spring 2002. This is composed of the nature conservation associations NABU and BUND as well as the Schwerin Zoo , the regional association of beekeepers e. V., the Foundation for Environmental and Nature Conservation Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and committed Schwerin citizens.
One of the priorities of the Zippendorf Nature Conservation Station is environmental educational work with children in day-care centers, schools and after-school care centers, as well as care and landscape maintenance on the Rabbit and Ziegelwerder islands in cooperation with the city of Schwerin. The permanent exhibition "Habitat Schweriner See" offers insights into life at and on the Schweriner See. In addition to lake residents, current results of the municipal project “SeeNaTour” Schwerin are on display.
Attractions
- Schwerin climbing forest
- Zippendorfer beach with promenade
- Schwerin Zoo
Transport links
As a district, Zippendorf is integrated into the urban transport network. A bus line offers connections to the surrounding parts of the city, where you can change to other buses or the tram, and to the towns of Raben Steinfeld , Pinnow , Görslow and Godern to the east of Schwerin . Coming from the Großer Dreesch, the tram route runs directly south of Zippendorf in the direction of Mueßer Holz.
The four-lane road An der Crivitzer Chaussee runs through the district as federal road 321 . On the beach there is a wharf of the White Fleet , from where there is a seasonal ferry connection to the island of Rabbitwerder , to the castle and to Frankenhorst at the southern tip of the Ziegelsee .
literature
- Bernd Kasten, Jens-Uwe Rost: Schwerin. History of the city. Helms, Schwerin 2005, ISBN 3-935749-38-4 .
- Horst Zänger: The Schwerin gem. Schweriner Express, No. 18/23 April 29, 2015.
Individual evidence
- ↑ [1] on schwerin.de, as of September 30, 2017 with main residences
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from November 4, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Residence info Schwerin
- ^ Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place names in Meklenburg. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Vol. 46, 1881, ISSN 0259-7772 , pp. 3-168, here p. 167.
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 13.
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 77.
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 112 f.
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 72 ff.
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 114.
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 84.
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 115.
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 119.
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 289.
- ↑ Horst Zänger: The Gem of Schwerin. 2015.
- ↑ Website of the Schwerin-Zippendorf residential park .
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 269 f.
- ^ Box, grate: Schwerin. History of the city. 2005, p. 281.
- ↑ NDR ( Memento from April 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) - Kurhaus Zippendorf is being sold again (May 22, 2013)
- ^ Mueß and Zippendorf are looking for ideas , Schweriner Volkszeitung , October 16, 2013, accessed on January 16, 2015
- ↑ Development on the outskirts of Schwerin: Zippendorf and Mueß are to become the first tourist addresses again , Schweriner Volkszeitung , September 24, 2014, accessed on January 16, 2015
Web links
Coordinates: 53 ° 36 ' N , 11 ° 27' E