Shinkansen Series 1000

Shinkansen Series 1000
Artist's impression of the A-train of the Shinkansen series 1000
Numbering:	1001-1006
Number:	6 cars formed into 2 trains: Train A: 2 cars Train B: 4 cars
Manufacturer:	Train A: Kisha Seizo , Nippon Sharyo Train B: Hitachi , Kawasaki , Kinki Sharyo
Year of construction (s):	1961–1962
Retirement:	1975-1976
Gauge :	1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Length:	Train A: 49.5 m. Train B: 99.5 m
Width:	3,380 mm
Top speed:	256 km / h on test drives (train B)
Continuous output :	Train A: 1360 kW Train B: 2720 kW
Power system :	25 kV 60 Hz ~
Power transmission:	Overhead line
Type of speed switch:	Low voltage tap changer
Brake:	Electric brake , direct brake
Train control :	ATC-1
Seats:	Train A: 136 seats Train B: 300 seats

With the Shinkansen series 1000 ( Japanese 1000 形 ) the two Shinkansen test trains were designated, which were used for test drives before the opening of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen in 1964. The series comprised six cars that were formed into two trains, A and B. After the Shinkansen line went into operation, train A became the rescue train of the 941 series and train B became the 921 series , the first Doctor Yellow . All vehicles on both trains were scrapped.

history

The original plan was to build twelve pre-production cars, but the program was shortened to six cars to save costs. For the tests they were formed into two trains, with train A consisting of two cars and train B consisting of four cars. The trains were designed for a top speed of 250 km / h.

As the first car 1001 of the train A was completed on April 16, 1962 in the Kisha-Seizō-Werk in Kōtō ( Tokyo ). The car was then brought by road and rail to the Nippon Sharyo Warabi plant in Kawaguchi , where it was assembled with the second car for train A, and was officially presented to the press at the plant on April 25.

Artist's impression of the A train in its later use as a class 941 rescue train with an illuminated nose tip

The test runs began on June 26, 1962 on the 32 km long test track between Kamonomiya in Odawara and Ayase in Kanagawa Prefecture , where 110 km / h were reached in July. On October 27, train B reached the record speed of 190 km / h for the first time, with which the Japanese speed record of 175 set up on November 21, 1960 by the Cape-gauge test train KuMoYa 93 (derived from the Kodama series 151 ) on the Tōkaidō main line km / h was set. On October 31, 1962, train B reached 200 km / h for the first time, on December 20, 210 km / h, on March 19, 1963, 253 km / h, and on March 30, 256 km / h - that was around twenty Years old new record set for rail vehicles in Japan, accordingly this was noted on a plaque on the car body of the train.

With the start of the trial operation of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen in June 1964, train A was redrawn to the rescue train of the 941 series and train B became the track and overhead line measuring train T1 of the 922-0 series . The rescue train based in the Osaka depot was never in use, the measuring train was in use until 1974 when measuring train T2 of the 922-10 series was delivered. All six wagons of the former 1000 series were dismantled between 1975 and 1976 in the Hamamatsu workshop of JR Central , where the wagons were used to test the scrapping facility on which the first batch of 360 Shinkansen series 0 wagons was then dismantled. Only in the Saitama Railway Museum has a series 1000 pantograph been preserved.

Train formation

Train A consisted of the following cars:

• No. 1001 (Mc) built by Kisha Seizō , 56 seats, bogies type DT9002 and DT9008.
• No. 1002 (MDc) built by Nippon Sharyo , 80 seats, bogies type DT9003

Train B consisted of the following cars:

• No. 1003 (Mc) built by Hitachi , 70 seats, bogies type DT9006
• No. 1004 (MD) built by Hitachi, 70 seats, bogies type DT9004, the only car with hexagonal windows
• No. 1005 (M) built by Kawasaki Sharyo , 80 seats, bogies type DT9005
• No. 1006 (MDc) built by Kinki Sharyo , 80 seats, bogies type DT9001, the only end car with straight windshields.

technology

Car body

All cars had welded steel car bodies. The end cars had an aerodynamic head shape with curved windshields with the exception of the 1006 car, which had flat windshields, as they were later also used on the Shinkansen class 0 trains. The end cars were 24.75 m long, the intermediate cars 25 m long. The box cross-section was 3380 mm high and 3950 mm wide. In contrast to the trains of the Shinkansen series 0, the aprons on the series 1000 were drawn further down.

Car 1004 had unusual, elongated hexagonal windows that resulted from the use of X-shaped diagonal struts in the box side walls.

In contrast to the trains of the Shinkansen series 0, the prototype trains were equipped with external sliding doors. Furthermore, the spherical section of the nose of the train was made of translucent white acrylic glass , which was illuminated from the inside with fifteen 20 W fluorescent tubes . There were two sealed beam headlights next to the nose . Illuminated boxes for the train numbers were attached to the side of the head shape.

Interior decoration

For the selection of the interior of the series trains, each car was equipped with a different seating arrangement:

• No. 1001 was equipped with two rows of individually rotatable 1st and 2nd class seats in a 2 + 2 arrangement. The seats were similar to those used in the JNR Class 151 Kodama multiple units . These trains served the fastest connections between Tokyo and Osaka before the opening of the high-speed line.
• No. 1002 was equipped with 2nd class seating in the face-to-face seating arrangement 2 + 3. The seat spacing was 1,900 mm, the seats were equipped with armrests .
• No. 1003 was equipped with 2nd class seating with reversible backrests in the arrangement 2 + 3 with a seat pitch of 950 mm. This seating was later adopted for the series trains.
• No. 1004 was equipped with seating similar to No. 1003. It differed from that only in a different design of the backrest.
• No. 1005 was equipped with 2nd class seating in the face-to-face seating arrangement 3 + 3. The seat pitch was 1,900 mm, the seats had no armrests.
• No. 1006 was equipped with 2nd class seating in the face-to-face seating arrangement 2 + 3. The seat spacing was 1,900 mm, the seats were equipped with armrests.

Cars 1001, 1003 and 1005 were equipped with toilets and wash basins . Car 1001 and 1003 had one western-style toilet and one Japanese-style toilet, while car 1005 was both Japanese-style. For the first time, urinals were also installed, as they were previously only installed on multiple units for school traffic.

Coloring

A color scheme with red lines was originally intended, but a color scheme in Shinkansen blue and ivory white was implemented. Train A was ivory white except for the blue base and two blue ribbons - one at the bottom of the side wall and one above the windows. Train B was ivory white with the undercarriage and ribbon windows in Shinkansen blue.

Bogies

For the test vehicles, six different types of motor bogies were developed, which differed in the design of the axle bearing guides. For the desired high speeds, it was particularly decisive that the axle bearings had as little play as possible in the longitudinal direction in order to reduce the frequency of the sinusoidal run . All bogies had air suspension in the secondary stage and were equipped with monobloc wheels .

• DT9001 had axle bearing guides with leaf springs
• DT9002 had axle bearing guides with leaf springs
• DT9003 had axle bearing guides with Schlieren type coil springs
• DT9004 could be equipped with Lemniskatenlenker axle bearing guides of the Sumitomo type as well as with an axle bearing guide of the Minden type combined with the IS type. In the latter design, the axle bearings were guided by a spring leaf located below, which was clamped elastically in a rubber bearing attached to the frame. This design was also used for the type DT200 bogies of the series trains of the Shinkansen series 0 .
• DT9005 had axis position guides of the Yanbaru type
• DT9006 had axle bearing guides with lemniscate handlebars

Electrical equipment

Pantograph with crossed lower scissors similar to that of the 1000 series

On train A, car 1002 was equipped with a pantograph, while on train B, cars 1004 and 1006 each had two pantographs next to each other . The two cars were connected to one another by a roof pipe running over car 1005 . The pantographs were of the type PS9009 with crossed lower scissors.

The main switches and transformers , which were equipped with a step switch on the low voltage side, were also housed in the wagons with pantographs . After the step switch, the power was rectified and the DC - traction motors fed. Each axle of the train was driven by a traction motor mounted in the bogie with a continuous output of 170 kW. The drive took place via a gear mounted on the axle with a transmission ratio of 2.17, which was connected to the drive motor via a curved tooth coupling . Traction motors of type MT912 were installed in train A, and type MT911 in train B.

The trains were equipped with the electric brake and the direct-acting compressed air brake. Above 50 km / h only the electric brake was used. Both trains were equipped with ATC-1 train protection . The train radio antenna in the shape of an upside-down L was attached to the roof of the end car .

Models

Model trains of the Shinkansen series 1000: Car 1003 from train B on the left, car 1001 from train A on the right

The Shinkans trains of the 1000 series were brought onto the market by the Japanese model railroad manufacturer Micro ACE as N-gauge models. The models were available in the color scheme of the 1000 series as well as in the colors of their later use as Doctor Yellow.

Web links

• 新 幹線 試 験 車 両 1000 形 B 編成. Kokubunji , June 26, 1962, accessed on October 26, 2014 (Japanese, postcard of the B train at the opening of the test facility near Kamonomiya. The illuminated dome on the nose of the train is easy to see). 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} プ ロ ト タ イ プ の 世界 - Prototype World . Kōtsū Shimbunsha, December 2005, OCLC 170056962 (Japanese).
2. ↑ 新 幹線 の 走 る ま で １ No.1001 号 車 廻 送 37-4-17 (English: Shinkansen Countdown 1: Car No. 1001 delivered April 17, 1962) . In: Japan Railfan Club (ed.): Japan Railfan Magazine . June 1962, pp. 26-27.
3. ↑ ^{a b c} 新 幹線 の 走 る ま で ２ 1001 ・ 1002 号 車 完成 37-4-25 (English: Shinkansen Countdown 2: Car Nos. 1001 & 1002 delivered April 25, 1962) . In: Japan Railfan Club (ed.): Japan Railfan Magazine . June 1962, pp. 28-31.
4. ↑ Hiroshi Suda: 東海 道 新 幹線 (English: Tōkaidō Shinkansen) . JTB Can Books, Tokyo, Japan 2000, ISBN 4-533-03563-9 .
5. ↑ 国 鉄 ク モ ヤ 93 形 電車. In: Japanese Wikipedia. September 10, 2013, accessed October 26, 2014 (Japanese, JNR series KuMoYa 93). 
6. ↑ Nobuhiko Asahara: ガ イ ド ブ ッ ク 最 盛期 の 国 鉄 車 両 73 東海 道 新 幹線 ５ (English: Guidebook: Golden Years of JNR Trains 73 - Tokaido Shinkansen Part 5) . In: Neko Publishing Co., Ltd. (Ed.): Rail Magazine . No. 300, September 2008, pp. 164-177.
7. ↑ ^{a b c d e} 新 幹線 1000 形 電車. In: Japanese Wikipedia. March 1, 2014, Retrieved October 26, 2014 (Japanese, 1000 series Shinkansen). 
8. ↑ Isao Okamoto: Shinkansen Bogies . In: Japan Railway & Transport Review . No. March 19 , 1999 ( jrtr.net [PDF]). pdf ( Memento of the original from November 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
9. ↑ Series 0 Inspection Car Type 922-B "Doctor Yellow" - 4 Cars Set - MicroAce A1158. Newhall Station, accessed October 26, 2014 (English, model image).