Browsing shark
| Browsing shark | ||
|---|---|---|
 View from the dam of the Oder Reservoir to the Flurry Shark (center) |
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| height | 720 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | near Wieda ; District of Göttingen , Lower Saxony ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | resin | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 39 '23 " N , 10 ° 33' 16" E | |
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| Development | 1872–1980 inn and mountain hotel 1957–1992 military service 1967–2005 reconnaissance tower |
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The Stöberhai in the Harz low mountain range is about 720 m above sea level. NHN the highest mountain in the southern Harz in the non -parish Harz region of the Göttingen district in Lower Saxony .
etymology
The origin of the name Stöberhai has not been documented. It is believed that a charcoal burner named Stöber had his "shark" here, which in the Harz Mountains was used to describe the charcoal burner's place in the forest. The term is derived from grove , which also coincides with the previously attested use of the flurry shark as a forest felling. A guide through the climatic health resort of Wieda from 1931 still knows an "upper shark" on the mountain with a view of Hohegeiß . Efforts of the former forest master Stein from Wieda at the beginning of the 20th century to prove a Köhler rummage from his old files and through surveys in the neighboring Prussian forest offices were unsuccessful.
geography
location
The browsing shark is located in the Harz Mountains, the highest mountain range in Northern Germany , in the Harz Nature Park . It rises between the on or contained Oderstausee the west and northwest and on the Wieda nearby village of Wieda in the southeast. Something west-southwest of the peak rises in the transition region to the hunting head ( 701.2 m ) the Steina (also Steinaer Bach called). The lower part of the mountain is mostly overgrown with beech forest, the upper part with dark spruce .
Mountain height
In older literature the height of 731 m is often given; partly there are also 718 m (altitude at the mountain summit; east summit; ⊙ ), 714 m (west summit ; ⊙ ; about 500 m west-northwest of the summit) or 699 m altitude; the latter refers to an altitude on a path east below the mountain top. A signpost on the mountain top (east knoll) shows the altitude 720 m .
Natural allocation and landscape protection
The Stöberhai heard in the natural environment main unit means resin for subunit Southern agent resin (380.80) with its north-west face in the natural environment or mountains drops (380.81). It is located in the Harz landscape protection area (district of Göttingen) ( CDDA no. 321403; 2000 designated; 300.20 km² in size).
Mountain hotel Stöberhai
In 1872 the first single-storey inn was built on the hilltop, for which seven acres of forest were cleared. The first host was Karl Mast from the family of the later Jägermeister dynasty, the Mast-Jägermeister SE .
After a fire destroyed the guest house, which was expanded in 1886, the mountain hotel Stöberhai with an observation tower was built in 1889 as the highest hotel in the Harz Mountains after the Brocken. The observation tower for 60 people, which you entered from the hotel corridor, offered a panoramic view of all parts of the Harz up to the Kyffhäuser and Thuringian Forest . The hotel building with its architectural character , with its board cladding, observation tower and veranda, was very similar to the Hotel Berghof Ravensberg on the neighboring Ravensberg, which was set up a year earlier . Although the mountain hotel was redesigned and expanded several times up to the 1970s, the structure from 1889 remained decisive for the external effect.
In 1922, the hotel landlord introduced the celebration of Walpurgis Night on the Stöberhai, based on the Brocken as an example .
The road from Wieda up to the mountain hotel, which begins at the old forestry office at the foot of the Stöberhai, was opened for car traffic around 1928, which resulted in an increase in the number of excursions. The hotel logistics remained expensive, however, as all food had to be transported up the 3,500-meter-long serpentine road, which was only paved long after the war, from the valley, which in winter was only possible with a sledge.
During the Second World War , the hotel was nearly hit by five high explosive bombs in an air raid in 1943. In the winter of 1943/44 it was confiscated by the German Wehrmacht for a ski course and in the following summer it was made available for the war blind people of both world wars with their families. After the war, the hotel got into economic distress because the numerous guests from Saxony, Thuringia and Berlin stayed away and many West Germans avoided the Harz locations near the border to the Soviet occupation zone .
Finally, in the fall of 1951, the Inter-zone bus entrepreneur Paul Kühn from Berlin acquired the hotel, who converted it, added an annex and refurbished the 58 rooms. The renovated hotel was reopened in November 1951 and a short time later a small zoo with local animals was created on the property. Kühn set up a regular bus shuttle service from Berlin to the Stöberhai and, through his own travel agency, sold package tours including return journeys from Berlin to the Stöberhai, accommodation and meals in the mountain hotel, toboggan rides in winter and excursions in summer and after just a few weeks the hotel was up for months sold out. In the hotel, guests could also take bathing and drinking cures with Baltic Sea medicinal water. Hotel guests arriving by train drove to the Wiedaer Hütte station on the narrow-gauge Südharz railway in Oberwieda and were able to be picked up there by a hotel car. Paul Kühn sold the hotel around 1965. After several changes of ownership and the closure of the zoo and observation tower, the management of the hotel was discontinued on November 1, 1975 due to a decline in the number of guests, and it was subsequently vacant.
For unknown reasons, it fell victim to a major fire on the night of March 1st and 2nd, 1980 and was never rebuilt. The road from Wieda to the former mountain hotel has been closed to private vehicles since October 1983. The floor slab as well as some old terrace chairs were witnesses of the former hotel operation until the mid-1980s. The area was finally cleared, a signpost was set up in the middle and a small refuge was built on the edge of the summit plateau - with a view of Sankt Andreasberg , the Oder Valley and the mountains Achtermann , Wurmberg and Brocken. With the help of a few deciduous trees on the hilltop that are not typical of the area, such as an old chestnut that surrounded the hotel, its former location can still be guessed at today.
Stöberhai station
The hotel owner A. Panse managed to get the Südharz-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (SHE) to set up the Stöberhai station in the middle of the forest during the construction of the narrow-gauge railway Walkenried – Braunlage / Tanne in 1899 to facilitate excursion traffic to the hotel. At Rumen's insistence, the company also opened a small station building there for excursion guests in October 1900. Although the train station in Weinglastal was only around 1.3 km away from the hotel at the time, there was still a 260 m difference in altitude to overcome between it and the hotel via the Nordhäuser Stieg. The station is on the Harzer Baudensteig hiking trail .
Reconnaissance tower
The Stöberhai gained notoriety since 1967 through one of the five reconnaissance towers of the Bundeswehr (telecommunications sector towers), next to Klaustorf (Baltic Sea coast), Thurauer Berg (Wendland), Schneeberg (Fichtelgebirge) and Hoher Bogen (Bavarian Forest). The approximately 75 m high reinforced concrete tower ( ⊙ ) was estimated to be about 50 m to the east and at the same time slightly below the highest point of the approximately 714 m high western tip of the Stöberhais.
The radio monitoring system was used during the Cold War to eavesdrop on military radio traffic in the GDR . Its facilities represent the counterpart to the station on the Brocken operated by the Ministry for State Security of the GDR and the Soviet Union .
The Bundeswehr first set up the Wieda office in 1957, followed six years later by French aerial reconnaissance . The facilities were continuously expanded. With the completion of the tower (1967), the complex was formally transferred to the "Telecommunications Sector C" of the Air Force . The tower, as the centerpiece of the facility, housed antenna supports, recording stations and operating rooms, but also offices, accommodation and a trade fair on sixteen floors and 750 m². The tower was connected to other buildings and an underground nuclear protection bunker with an alternate command post through tunnels, which were supposed to prevent spying and icing .
Although 14 million German marks were invested in the never-completed new building during the reunification , the military finally withdrew in 1992 . Next to the tower and the unfinished building were at this time on the 28 hectare summit plateau an entrance building, a German hotel building with its own full basement fallout shelter, several garages and workshops, two French quarters, a French Industrial and four French lattice towers for electronic intelligence also East-facing antennas carried.
In the years since its closure, the cordoned off area has become a popular (illegal) adventure playground for various recreational sports. It gained a legendary reputation, especially among geocachers . After years of dispute between the district and the federal government over the demolition costs amounting to 3.5 million euros, the federal government finally had to pay the corresponding costs. The tower of the facility was brought down in a controlled manner on September 23, 2005 with 38 kg of explosives (Gelamon 30 U) in 380 blast holes. The huge reconnaissance tower once marked the flurry shark clearly within the Harz mountains. All that remains is a comparatively poor telecommunications tower, which can still be seen from Sankt Andreasberg and the surrounding mountains. On September 23, 2006 - exactly one year after the demolition of the concrete tower - Lower Saxony's finance minister Hartmut Möllring inaugurated a memorial reminding of the tower in particular and of the EloKa in general.
hike
The main paths from the surrounding areas meet on the Stöberhai, such as Wieda , Bad Sachsa , Ravensberg , Steina , Bad Lauterberg , St. Andreasberg and Braunlage . The Harzer Baudensteig leads past the mountain .
The Flurry Shark can be reached from all sides by a variety of hiking trails, although the Oder reservoir has to be hiked from the west and north. The main access is the paved road, closed to public traffic, which leads from Wieda up to the Stöberhai. An asphalt road once led up from Bad Lauterberg to the summit. The financial means, which were actually only intended for the demolition and debris removal of the reconnaissance tower, were also sufficient for the complete dismantling of this road. The previous asphalt surface was replaced by a very coarse gravel surface that is difficult to drive on, even with mountain bikes. The slowly rising hiking trail along the Steina is much more accessible by bike . A significantly steeper path leads from the Weinglastal near the former Stöberhai train station up to the summit. The above access routes can be varied in many ways through numerous, also quite easily accessible side routes.
The browsing shark is included as No. 159 in the system of stamping points of the Harz hiking pin. The stamping point hangs in the Stöberhaihütte ( stehenden ) shelter located a few meters north-northwest of the mountain peak .
literature
- Peter Meyer, Katja Lorenz, Andreas Mölder, Roland Steffens, Wolfgang Schmidt, Thomas Kompa, Anne Wevell von Krüger: Natural Forests in Lower Saxony. Protection and Research. Volume 2 - Lower Saxony mountains . Leinebergland-Druck, Alfeld 2015, ISBN 978-3-00-050091-6
Web links
- Memories of the telecommunications sector C on the Stöberhai, on fernmeldesektor-c.de
- Air Force Telecommunications Sector Towers , etc. a. on the browsing shark, on geschichtsspuren.de
- Demolition of the Stöberhai military listening post , on fwg-osterode.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Mountain height Stöberhai according to: Signpost on the mountain top , on mw2.google.com
- ↑ a b Harzklub branch association Wieda: Guide through the air health resort Wieda in the southern Harz region, 1931, p. 36/37
- ↑ a b c d Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ a b Harzer hiking needle: stamp point 159 / Stöberhai , on harzer-wandernadel.de
- ↑ The history of the Stöberhai station ( memento of the original from April 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , on stoeberhai-wieda.de
- ↑ Kurt Riess: You did it again. Fates in post-war Germany , Berlin and Frankfurt am Main: Fischer, 1955, pp. 185/186
- ^ Film: Demolition of the tower on the Stöberhai (September 23, 2005), on youtube.com.de
