St. Gertrud (Lohne)
St. Gertrud is under the patronage of Saint Gertrude standing Roman Catholic parish church of the Lower Saxony town of Lohne in Oldenburg Münsterland . The parish of the same name is assigned to this church. The church offers space for 1000 believers.
history
In 1221 the church of St. Gertrud in Lohne was first documented. Along with St. Viktor in Damme, it is one of the oldest church foundations in Gau Dersaburg . The founding of the Lohner Church can, however, be dated to the early 9th century. After Emperor Charlemagne (* probably April 2 747 or 748, † 28 January 814 in Aachen).. From 780 AD nine missions Sprengel to Christianize the conquered Saxons had built were the Missions cell Visbek by Abbot Gerbert Castus - the apostle of the Oldenburger Münsterland - the first parishes in the area founded. Lohne in the north of Dersagau is also likely to have been founded in Visbeck. The parish was reduced in size in the middle of the 14th century when it was separated from Dinklage and more recently in 1962 when the Lohner parish of St. Josef was founded. Until 2009, the parish of St. Gertrud included the northern part of the town of Lohne, the farmers' associations Brägel, Wichel, Nordlohne (with Krimpenfort), Schellohne, Bokern, Märschendorf (Lohner share), Lohnerwiesen, Moorkamp and Rießel, as well as the Brockdorf chapel community, which was formed in 1955. On November 28, 2010, the parishes of St. Gertrud and St. Josef in the core town of Lohnes and the parish of the Heart of Jesus in Kroge-Ehrendorf and St. Maria Goretti in Brockdorf were merged. The new parish in Lohne has had 17,341 Catholics since the merger, making it the largest in the Oldenburger Land .
Building
The old stone church
The local, not documented tradition reports that the first Lohner house of worship was built around 800 AD. It can be seen as the mother church of northern Dersagau and should have been a modest wooden structure of small dimensions. According to H. Dühne (Kirchen im Dersagau, 1883, p. 23 ff.), A new church made of large, well-hewn pebbles and field stones was probably built on the same site in the 11th century. A church room approx. 10 m long and 7 m wide was attached to a tower on a square floor plan with over 2 m thick walls, which was originally covered by a simple wooden ceiling. Due to fire damage that can no longer be dated, two approx. 5 m high vaults were let in instead of the wooden ceiling. At the same time, an approximately 7 m long and 6 m wide vault with 6 high belt arches was added as a new chancel, the pillars of which were built from raw rubble stones from the Engter area. After Nieberding , the last enlargement of the stone church took place in 1609, probably at the expense of the noble von Dorgeloh family on Gut Brettberg in Südlohne. The Dorgeloh family coat of arms with the black tree stumps was found in the keystone on the vault when the church was demolished in 1815. In addition, epitaphs from this family with the year 1609 were placed on the wall of the extension behind the choir stalls. The church now received a fourth vault 7 m long and 6 m wide. It formed the choir with a cross vault made of bricks and sandstone ribs, so that the church was now 26 m long and 9 m wide without a tower. The walls were a good one to two meters thick due to the different times they were built. The side walls of the church were 6 m high, while the 2 m thick tower walls reached a height of 18 m. A pyramid-shaped roof made of wooden tiles rose up to a total height of approx. 31 m. The church had had a tower clock and an organ from the former nunnery in Vechta since 1609. A so-called Prichel was added to the organ stage. H. a wooden stage on the side walls in the manner of a gallery, to which a staircase led. On the front of the Prichel, in addition to the representation of the twelve apostles, the creed was found in Low German. The following prayer stood on the chest of the organ stage: “O Eternal Almechtige, gracious Godt, We will appreciate your commandment, And after your Godlike sense, we will take care of our most negative things, And stand with the apostolic reason, so screwed up your Godlike mouth, And finally Salich Die, Inheriting Eternal Life ”. The high altar bore the year 1660. When the church was demolished in 1815, the walls inside were simply whitewashed. They used to be decorated with paintings for a while. Thus, under the whitewashed ceiling in the vault, an image came to light that represented a woman standing at the churn and tempted by the devil. Only a few relics remind of this old stone church , such as a wooden statue depicting Maria Magdalena , which was formerly part of the baroque high altar .
The new church from 1815-1818
Despite repeated enlargements, the church remained too small for the growing population at all times. In 1703 the church was declared inadequate, and the same complaint was heard in 1711 and 1721. Pastor Bernhard Heinrich Topp (1766–1808) from Beckum in Westphalia donated 8,000 thalers for a new building in 1800, to which he later added 800 thalers. He won the court master builder Major August Reinking (1776-1818) from Steinfurt as an architect, who initially planned a rotunda 30 m in diameter with a 23 m high wooden dome ceiling based on the model of the Roman pantheon . The Lohner population protested. She wanted a massive vault. Reinking changed the plan in such a way that the rotunda was retained, but the diameter and height were limited to 20 m. When the foundations were laid, voices rose again against the unusual shape of the building. The building contractor also shrank from the execution of the large dome. The third and final design was in the form of an east- facing , single-nave pillar basilica . The outside of the ship was 45 m long and 19 m wide, with 4 arched arches, for which the buttresses were moved inwards. Because of the Napoleonic turmoil from 1806, the execution of the construction plan was delayed. In 1810 the church's own brickworks for the production of the necessary bricks was founded in Lohner Esch. It was at the current Schomaker bus company. On August 7, 1815, columns of workers began demolishing the old stone church. In October of the same year the old church was on the ground. The old tower was left standing. An altar was erected in the tower entrance, the roof of the abandoned church was erected across the tower and an emergency church was established in this way. On October 28, 1815, pastor emeritus BH Topp (Illigens was his successor since 1808) laid the foundation stone for the new church. On November 11, 1817, the last vault was ceremoniously closed, and exactly one year later, on November 11, 1818, Auxiliary Bishop Caspar Maximilian Freiherr Droste zu Vischering von Münster inaugurated the church. Up to this point around 20,000 thalers had been spent on building purposes. Pastor Topp, who died during the construction work on December 29, 1817 at the age of 88, was buried on the not yet completely finished choir in front of the altar because of his great services to the church. His grave was uncovered and re-framed during the excavation for a new heating system in the central aisle of the church in 1979. Today a simple plaque commemorates his grave.
The tower from 1835–1837
The most striking feature of every church is the tower. He rises like an outstretched finger in the sky and draws attention to the Lord of the Church. The shape and size of the 31 m high tower of the old stone church no longer matched the new St. Gertrud Church. When a piece of the western wall came loose in 1829 and there was a danger for churchgoers, the walls were torn down. The bells were placed in the churchyard. Since Reinking had died, Pastor Bernhard Heinrich Illigens (1809–1842) commissioned court architect Josef Alexander Niehaus (1802–1864) from Haselünne with the planning and construction of the new tower. The 29.5 m high square tower shaft rises on a base area of 8.7 m × 8.7 m, on which a lantern is attached, which in turn has an octagonal tower helmet with a weathercock. Pastor Illigens donated 500 talers and Grand Duke Paul Friedrich August von Oldenburg 200 talers to this new building, which cost around 6,000 thalers. The remaining costs were borne by the community. The foundation stone was laid on April 29, 1835, and on September 15, 1837 the completion of the 52.8 m high tower was celebrated with the raising of the rooster, which was built by Clemens Willenbring. After a storm on January 25, 1990, it had to be removed due to severe damage and is now in the Lohne Industrial Museum. The cock made of gold-plated chrome-vanadium steel, which was installed in 1991 on the occasion of the renovation work on the tower, weighs 23.5 kg, is 1.18 m wide and 1.59 m high. It goes back to a donation. A short time later the manufactured cock had to be replaced again due to storm damage. The cock was replaced in 1991, the dimensions were reduced by a third, but the weight doubled. The previous rooster now adorns the garden of the St. Elisabeth-Haus retirement home in Lohne.
The addition of the choir apse 1890–1892
Towards the end of the 19th century it became increasingly clear that the Church of St. Gertrud could no longer accommodate the growing number of believers. In his application to enlarge the church, Pastor Johannes Holzenkamp (1882–1919) pointed out to the church authorities a. a. indicated that there was only one altar for the four clergy in the parish. There is no space for side altars in the church. Builder Hilger Hertel the Elder Ä. A few months before his death (Münster) drew up the plan for the addition of a Romanesque choir apse with two towers, which was carried out from 1890 to 1892 . It is possible that he was helped by his son, Hilger Hertel the Younger . The Bremen architect Heinrich Flügel , also mentioned in connection with the construction project , may have been in charge of the construction . The two east towers flanking the choir were necessary from an artistic perspective to take away the monotony of the elongated hall construction. There was now space for two side altars at the front of the previous choir, which was expanded to form the church interior. The outer walls of the relatively low church space were raised and closed at the top by an outer columned gallery with blind windows below the roof approach. The installation of larger windows, adapted to the Romanesque style, brought more light into the previously dark interior. However, the vault in the nave , which was flat in relation to the choir apse , could no longer be removed. To hide the patchwork, the outside walls of the church were re-framed with a single stone wall made of stones from the old church brickwork. The changes made with great artistic expertise improved the overall view of St. Gertrud's Lohner Church considerably, even if the west tower may now appear too small in relation to the nave and the choir apse. According to reports from Lohner Bürger, Dechant Holzenkamp was seen on the scaffolding almost every day to keep himself informed about the progress of the construction work. To finance the expansion, he had visited every single family in the community for five years as part of a house collection.
The St. Gertrud fountain
South of the church on the stairs to Rixheimer Platz is the St. Gertrud Fountain, which was created in 1992–1993 by the local sculptor Karl Josef Dierkes . The body of the fountain is made of Swedish Bohus granite , the figure of the saint is made of green Franconian sandstone .
organ
In 1985 the Hamburg organ builder G. Christian Lobback completed the organ he had built in the parish church of St. Gertrud. The organ is in the old prospectus , i. H. the neo-Romanesque case of the former organ, which was built in 1871 by the organ building company Friedrich Fleiter (Münster). The instrument has 50 registers (3593 pipes ) on three manuals and a pedal (slider windchest). The Spieltrakturen are mechanically, the Registertrakturen electrically.
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- Coupling: I / II, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Playing aids : 64-fold setting system
Bells
St. Gertrud has four bronze bells that were cast in 1949 by the company Petit & Edelbrock (Gescher).
- 1. B-bell "Gertrud": "I proclaim joy and sorrow and gather the worshipers of the Lamb of God."
- 2. d-bell "Joseph": "I call the living and mournfully announce the dead."
- 3rd f-bell "Maria": "I invite you to praise the Blessed Mother, morning, noon and evening."
- 4. g-bell "Anna": "I call you daily to the holy sacrifice."
Pastorate
The pastorate of the parish of St. Gertrud Lohne is located south of the church and is surrounded by Brinkstraße, Vogtstraße and Bachstraße. It is located on an island that is delimited by a moat. The island has been under landscape protection since 1937 .
Parish
- The parish of St. Gertrud is responsible for four kindergartens in Lohne: St. Gertrud, St. Stefan, St. Michael (Moorkamp) and St. Barbara (Rießel). The Catholic public library in the city of Lohne is also called St. Gertrud.
- The pastor of St. Gertrud is ex officio chairman of the board of trustees of the St. Franziskus Hospital Lohne. Francis Sisters , who originally came from St. Mauritz near Münster , have been looking after the sick in St. Franziskus Hospital since 1856. Since the construction of the St. Elisabeth House in 1986, they have also been working in this old people's and nursing home.
- The Malteser Relief Service , the Social Service of Catholic Women and Men and the Kreuzbund work together with the parish in Lohne.
- A project group from the Lohne secondary school, together with representatives of the parish, visited, photographed and inventoried over 100 crossroads in the city of Lohne. An illustrated book with the work results of the project group was published in 2011 by the parish of St. Gertrud.
- Catholic associations that work with the parish in Lohne are the Kolping Family , the KAB , the KKV , the Young Community, the Women's Community, the Catholic Rural Youth , the DPSG Tribe and the St. Gertrud Choir.
List of pastors of St. Gertrud since 1616
- since 2010: Dean Rudolf Büscher
- 1995–2010: Pastor Michael Matschke, today provost of the provost church St. Georg in Vechta
- 1967–1995: Pastor Antonius Busch
- 1931–1967: Pastor Wilhelm Bitter
- 1919–1931: Pastor Anton Stegemann
- 1882–1919: Pastor Johannes Holzenkamp
- 1842–1882: Pastor Heinrich von dem Kampe
- 1809–1842: Pastor Bernhard Heinrich Illigens
- 1766–1808: Pastor Bernard Heinrich Topp
- 1710–1766: Pastor Bernhard Topp
- 1700–1710: Pastor Franz Balthasar Raden
- 1669–1699: Pastor Johann Sütholt
- 1625–1668: Pastor Anton Feuerborn
- 1616–1624: Pastor Arnold Bisping
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Bönte: Abbot Gerbert Castus - A missionary from the second row. Church site ((former) online newspaper of the Münster diocese). October 29, 2004 ( Memento of May 3, 2015 in the Internet Archive ). Retrieved from the web archive on October 3, 2017.
- ^ Oldenburg official district. Retrieved October 14, 2013.
- ↑ Time of the merger ( Memento of the original from March 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the homepage of the parish
- ↑ Franz Josef Scheeben: Now, after all, a single parish for the city of Lohne . In: "Church and Life". September 7, 2009
- ↑ Parish of St. Gertrud: Maria Magdalena ( Memento of the original from May 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ K. Willoh, History of the Catholic. Parishes in the Hzgt. Oldenburg, 1898, Volume II, p. 94 ff.
- ↑ Bruno Huhnt: Investigation of the reconstruction and extension of the parish church St. Gertrud in Lohne in the years 1890-92 . In: Jahrbuch für das Oldenburger Münsterland , vol. 50 (2001), pp. 76–89, here p. 78.
- ^ Vechtaer Zeitung of January 23, 1890.
- ↑ Bruno Huhnt: Investigation of the reconstruction and extension of the parish church St. Gertrud in Lohne in the years 1890-92 . In: Jahrbuch für das Oldenburger Münsterland , vol. 50 (2001), pp. 76–89, here p. 80.
- ^ Rolf Gramatzki: Heinrich wing and the state building construction in Bremen in the last quarter of the 19th century. In: Bremisches Jahrbuch , Volume 85 (2006), pp. 176–207, here p. 207.
- ↑ Parish of St. Gertrud: The church building ( Memento of the original dated February 22, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ GC Lobback: The case of the organ in Lohne (Oldenburg) St. Gertrud ( Memento of the original from January 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ More information about the Lobback organ ( memento of the original from August 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Information about the bells
- ↑ Homepage of the St. Gertrud Kindergarten ( memento of the original from September 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Parish of St. Gertrud Lohne (ed.): Wegzeichen - Glaubenszeichen . Pay 2011.
- ↑ Parish of St. Gertrud: Archive - Priest St. Gertrud ( Memento of the original from April 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
literature
- Gert Hohmann: "You are amazed at the great and precise execution down to the smallest particles". The 100-year old neo-Gothic high age of the Lohne parish church of St. Gertrud. In: Heimatverein Lohne (ed.): Laon - Lohne 2006. Lohne 2006, pp. 152–161.
- Parish of St. Gertrud Lohne (Ed.): Waymarks - signs of faith in the parish of St. Gertrud Lohne . Rießelmann printing company, Lohne 2011 ( online. PDF ).
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 39 ′ 55.3 " N , 8 ° 14 ′ 14.8" E