St. Laurentius (Koblenz)
The parish church of St. Laurentius is a Catholic church in Koblenz . The parish church in the Moselweiß district was built at the beginning of the 13th century and has undergone some renovations and additions over time. It bears the patronage of St. Lawrence of Rome .
history
There was already a previous church in Moselweiß at the same location in the 12th century. The parish church was first mentioned in 1201 in connection with the separation from the parish of Liebfrauen and the approval of an independent parish in a document from Provost Bruno of St. Castor . The basement of the tower is the oldest part and is dated to around 1107. The parish church was rebuilt at the beginning of the 13th century when the independent parish was established and the existing tower was included.
In the 18th century the passage vault under the choir was removed and the choir was lowered. This probably happened in 1724 when a new high altar was built . At the same time, a sacristy was added between the tower and the north wall of the choir .
In 1865 the church was enlarged with a transept in the west, reusing the Romanesque portal walls. A new sacristy was added southeast of the choir in 1882. In the years 1990–1997 the exterior of the church was renovated. The tower received a new slate roof in 1992 , the remaining roofs were renewed in 2002.
Construction and equipment
Outside
The parish church of St. Laurentius is a three-aisled late Romanesque pillar basilica with a groin vault and round arched arcades . The five-storey unplastered tower from the 12th century stands on a square floor plan and is attached to the end of the north aisle. On the top floor there are three-part staggered sound openings with columns made of tuff blocks, above which a tent roof rises .
The rest of the church building is plastered and structured by pilaster strips on the edges and a round arch frieze under the eaves . On both sides of the just closed choir there are sacristies.
On the forecourt west of the church is a life-size former cemetery cross made of light sandstone from the 19th century. At the entrance to the cemetery behind the church is an expressionist war memorial from the 1920s.
Inside
Inside, the three square central nave bays face twice as many side aisle bays. The vaults of all yokes have wall and pillar templates for the yoke chords. In the central nave , the yokes each have a semicircular service with final leaf capitals, and the vaults have a bus and hanging keystones . The choir is square with a straight end and five steps above the ship level. The south aisle has a semi-circular choir, the north ends straight at the tower.
The color scheme inside with the red belt and shield arches as well as the gray services was last renewed in 1974 according to findings. In 1988 and 1989, Polish restorers exposed figural wall paintings on some pillars on the south side . They show:
- three standing saints ( Barbara , Paulus , Katharina) from the 13th century
- a mount of olives scene around 1500
- the baptism of Jesus from the 13th century
Only the stone altar and the baptismal font made of basalt lava (13th century) on six small columns come from the time the church was built. The floor-to-ceiling high altar made of wood with columns and gable was created in 1724 by the Koblenz sculptor Pfeiffenhofen. In the central niche stands the figure of St. Laurentius, on the left St. Joseph and on the right St. Nicholas (created in 1933 by the sculptor Helwegen). The stone pulpit from 1467 with late Gothic tracery and reliefs of the evangelists Matthew , Markus , Lukas and Johannes including their symbols (man, lion, bull and eagle), of Christ in a pulpit and of St. Jerome comes from Hermann Sander and was in until 1786 the Koblenz Church of Our Lady . In the choir arch are polychrome figures of St. Michael and Our Lady .
The windows were designed by the glass painter Jakob Schwarzkopf, born in Koblenz in 1926 . They depict scenes from the Old and New Testaments in expressive colors. When the artist received the order in 1956, he initially produced the designs on original-sized cardboard. Then he cut the painted glass surfaces out of a plate according to the contours and soldered them at the crossing points. He made fine structures such as faces, hair or clothing patterns using black solder painting .
Wall cross
Baptistery in the south aisle
Stone pulpit
Figural wall painting
Expressionist war memorial in the neighboring cemetery
Organ and bells
The organ stands on a gallery in the west. The three-column organ front with tendril decoration dates from the middle of the 18th century and was renovated in the course of the renewal of the organ in 1988.
In the tower hangs a bell with minus inscription from 1439.
Rectory
The rectory, which is also listed, stands northeast of the church and was built in 1900 in the style of a neo-Gothic villa . The building with two storeys high stands on a low base of quarry stone and has a verschiefertes hipped roof with two gables on the north and east. On the outside it is clad with yellow brick and structured by light sandstone of the surrounding cornices and ribbons at the level of the floors. The staircase with a wooden spiral staircase is built on the south side as a separate octagonal tower with a pointed helmet . The three-dimensional figure of the Good Shepherd made of ceramic stands in a niche above the main entrance with the original door leaf .
Parish community
St. Laurentius is part of the " Parish Community Koblenz (Moselweiß)", which also includes St. Beatus and St. Hedwig on the Karthauser , St. Elisabeth in Rauental , St. Franziskus in the gold mine and St. Martinus in Lay .
Monument protection
The parish church of St. Laurentius is a protected cultural monument under the Monument Protection Act (DSchG) and entered in the list of monuments of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate . It is located in Koblenz-Moselweiß on Koblenzer Straße .
Furthermore, it is a protected cultural asset according to the Hague Convention and marked with the blue and white trademark.
See also
literature
- Energieversorgung Mittelrhein GmbH (ed.): History of the city of Koblenz . Overall editing: Ingrid Bátori in conjunction with Dieter Kerber and Hans Josef Schmidt
- Vol. 1: From the beginning to the end of the electoral era . Theiss, Stuttgart 1992. ISBN 3-8062-0876-X
- Vol. 2: From the French city to the present . Theiss, Stuttgart 1993. ISBN 3-8062-1036-5
- Reclam's Art Guide, Volume III, Rhineland and Westphalia, Architectural Monuments, 1975, ISBN 3-15-008401-6
- Ulrike Weber (edit.): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 3.3: City of Koblenz. Districts. Werner, Worms 2013, ISBN 978-3-88462-345-9 .
Web links
- Parish community Koblenz-Moselweiß
- St. Laurentius in: regionalgeschichte.net
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reclam's Art Guide, Volume III, Rhineland and Westphalia, Baudenkmäler, 1975, ISBN 3-15-008401-6 , page 321
- ↑ http://www.dreifaltigkeit-koblenz.de/
- ↑ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - district-free city of Koblenz (PDF; 1.5 MB), Koblenz 2013
Coordinates: 50 ° 21 ′ 2.8 ″ N , 7 ° 33 ′ 33 ″ E