St. Laurentius (Aschaffenburg)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
St. Laurentius, Aschaffenburg-Leider (2011)

St. Laurentius is a Catholic parish church built in 1923 in the Aschaffenburg district of Leider .

prehistory

Weber family coat of arms
Designed by Hans and Christoph Rummel

A chapel in Lydere was mentioned for the first time in a document in 1340 and 1345 , in which the St. Laurentius Chapel in Leider leaves the St. Martins Chapel Foundation Aschaffenburg with a grain (farmer's levy to the landlord ). The chapel was a branch of the parish Beata Maria Virgine , popularly known as the Mother of God parish church . Over the centuries, it was rebuilt and enlarged again and again, and was profaned in 1923 after the new St. Laurentius Church was inaugurated . Around 1740 the chapel altar was equipped with a coat of arms of the von Weber family (perhaps a foundation of the canon canon Balthasar Friedrich von Weber, † July 19, 1765) and had a broken gable with little angels. Instead of an altarpiece, there was a wooden figure of St. Lawrence and an organ "with modest rococo carvings" . Altar and organ were placed in the house chapel of the Clemensheim in Aschaffenburg, the Laurentius figure was placed in the new church. After it had been profaned for theater performances and used as a meeting place for young people, the church was sold to the Evangelical Church in 1955 and used again as a church service room for St. Luke . In the meantime, refurbished and renovated, it is a worth seeing sacred building in the old town center of Leider.

St. Laurentius (1923)
St. Laurence (1963)

The diocese of Würzburg decided because of the expected increase in population through the expansion of the port in 1919, unfortunately to raise it to an independent parish . Friedrich Bruno Krane, formerly a chaplain in the Mother of God Parish, became the responsible pastor and branch for Leider. He received the order from the bishop to build a new church. As a model he saw one of the seven main churches in Rome , Saint Paul Outside the Walls , a pillar basilica with a large apse and a massive portico. In the brothers Hans (1872–1952) and Christoph Rummel (1881–1961) in Frankfurt am Main , who had already planned the St. Bernardus Church (1905) and St. Gallus Church (1909–1910) in Frankfurt he saw the right architects. They designed a church with a total length of over 60 m, width of 20 m, height 15 m, choir over 25 m and a tower over 60 m. The furnishings should be just as gorgeous, fully painted and provided with stained glass windows. After submitting the plans, the episcopal building authorities in Würzburg decided on a beautiful, spacious, but also cheap church with Laurentius as the church patron.

Church building

After the first groundbreaking on November 14, 1921 and the laying of the foundation stone on Easter Monday, April 17, 1922, a “beautiful, spacious church, without expensive exterior architecture” was created . It was 19.80 m wide and 56.50 m long with the vestibule. The 19.80 m wide interior reached a clear height of 14.50 m under the barrel vault of the central nave, which existed until 1945, and 11 m in the side aisles. The tower, which was square in plan and measuring 8 m by 8 m, was 45 m high.

Archbishop Jakobus von Hauck wanted the church to be built with the plan initially planned, and he encouraged the pastor to build the church entirely . The construction contract was awarded to the Offenbach-based construction business, Gebrüder Ermold , which had only recently settled in the unfortunately harbor. Inside the two rows of columns (a total of twelve columns - a symbol of the 12 apostles) is the hall in three ships divided. The high altar behind the altar table ( cafeteria ) has the tabernacle with structure in the middle , the altar wall made of "artificial marble" consists of two pictures for "breaking bread" , the communion scene on the left and with the Emmaus disciples on the right. They are made of gilded plaster and were later to be replaced by bronze reliefs. Above it rises the crucifixion group, created in wood by the Frankfurt sculptor Johann Josef Belz . The worshiping angels were added in 1930. The side altars (Mary with Child and Joseph) are by the same artist. A low choir grille delimits the chancel, on the first pair of pillars are the massive communion pews made of yellow-red sandstone. The pulpit is made of the same material on five small pillars on the second right pillar, with a sound cover made of oak.

On August 4, 1923, at 3.50 in the afternoon, the Archbishop of Bamberg , Dr. Jakobus von Hauck, as administrator of the diocese of Würzburg , accompanied by the Würzburg cathedral capitular Dr. Thaddäus Stahler ( Pastor of Our Lady from 1891 to 1912) at the Aschaffenburg train station, was welcomed by Mayor Wilhelm Matt and Pastor Ferdinand Hufgard and driven through the city to Leider in an open car. He was greeted by the population at the entrance to the village and led to the festively decorated old church to the sound of the new bells . After a prayer and a short speech, the guests were escorted to the rectory. The next day the new church was solemnly consecrated.

Building in the inflation period

In the spring of 1923 the missing garden door at the rectory was procured; due to high inflation , it cost just as much as the entire rectory in 1920. Pastor Krane could use everything, he bought and collected more building material and everything that was stable in value, to get it back to be able to sell and continue building like that. For the foundation stone certificate Pastor Krane wrote among other things: Our mark is today 3 pfennigs abroad, the result of which: 1 pound of meat cost 40M against 70–80 pfennigs before the war, 1 pound of bread cost 3.50M against 14 pfennigs Before the war, 1 egg cost 5M against 5 pounds before the war, 1 liter of milk cost 7.70 M against 10 pounds before the war. If at the beginning of the construction period an hourly wage of 2.50 M was paid, the last hour worked cost 1 billion.

Further equipment

In 1930, unfortunately, citizens donated the 14 Stations of the Cross by sculptor Belz in memory of their deceased relatives. Also in 1930 a war memorial chapel was set up in the lower tower floor. There is a life-size Pietà in wood by the sculptor Belz above an altar table and two memorial plaques on the right and left with the names of those who fell in the First World War . In the back there are two niches with the statue of Laurentius from the old church and an Immaculate from the Catholic Marian Association. On May 25, 1944, the body of the first pastor of St. Laurentius, Friedrich Bruno Krane, who died in Wiesbaden on May 14, 1944, was buried in a crypt at the feet of the painful Mother of God. On Palm Sunday, March 25, 1945 , the roof of the church was destroyed by an aerial mine that fell on the nearby port railway area and the barrel vault collapsed.

Interior view 2011
Church patron around 1740
Bell 1 - THE THREE ONE GOD -

Third Laurentius Church

After the war damage had been repaired by installing a simple wooden ceiling and the interior was embellished (folk altar, colored windows in the choir and on the south side), the total renovation in 1976/1977 was almost the same as a new building. The construction project under the direction of the architect Adolf Erk was carried out in four stages:

  1. Securing the structure and the renovation of the components, new roof structure, new ceilings
  2. Expansion of the sacristy and adjoining room, ambulatory, new roofing in copper sheet, extension of a parish library
  3. Renovation of the church, removal of the pulpit, the communion bench and the choir grille, demolition of the side altars, removal of the angels, renovation and insulation of the masonry, new electrical installation, installation of a combined underfloor and warm air heating, new flooring
  4. Redesign of the chancel (following the shelling of the Second Vatican Council )

The high altar, renovated with a new tabernacle from the Würzburg goldsmiths Sebald & Engert , now serves as a tabernacle altar. The new altar, the ambo , the sediles and the baptismal font made of shell limestone are works by the Aschaffenburg artist Hermann Kröckel. The 12 bronze candlesticks in the chancel replace the wrought-iron Apostles candlesticks that were distributed in the nave. The 14 stations of the cross were combined on the north wall. The figures of the side altars (Mary and Joseph) were placed on low stone plinths in the niches. The church patron St. Laurentius was given a seat in a side niche. The tower chapel was redesigned as a side chapel, the Pietà and the memorial plaques were repositioned in the rear part of the church. As a conclusion, the stained glass windows on the north side with scenes from the life of St. Laurentius were created by the Aschaffenburg artists Helmuth Albert and Willibald Blum. Auxiliary Bishop Alfons Kempf consecrated the altar on November 19, 1977. In 1997 the angels were brought back to the altar and the old baptismal font was set up as a holy water font at the church entrance.

Bells

Five bells ring in the 45 m high tower, which were cast in the Rincker bell and art foundry in Sinn (Hessen) and at Easter (April 17th) 1949 by HH. Cathedral Chapter Dr. Vinzenz Fuchs from Würzburg were consecrated;

  • Bell 1 to the Triune God "Glory to the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit" (cis),
  • Bell 2 of the Holy Family "In the last quarrel, stand by our side Jesus, Mary, Joseph" (e),
  • Bell 3 to the angels of God "To him who sits on the throne and to the Lamb be praise and honor, glory and power for ever and ever" (F sharp),
  • Bell 4 of Saint Elizabeth "Those who sow in tears will reap in joy" (G sharp),
  • Bell 5 to St. Lawrence “We preach Christ who was crucified” (h).
Organ loft

organ

On the gallery is an organ from the workshop of Wilhelm Bader junior ( Hardheim ) from 1924 with originally 18  voices and one attenuation. Before 1943 it was extended to include reed registers and in 1953 by Leopold King (former employee of the grand piano and piano factory Philipps - Bülow - Arnold, Aschaffenburg ) it was extended by four registers. It was restored in 2005 by Vleugels Orgelmanufaktur (Hardheim), and the organ was consecrated again on July 30, 2005 by Auxiliary Bishop Helmut Bauer from Würzburg. The organ has the following disposition :

I Manual C – f 3
1. Bourdon 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Gamba 8th'
4th flute 8th'
5. Dolce 8th'
6th Octave 4 ′
7th Transverse flute 4 ′
8th. Octave 4 ′
9. Mixture III-IV 2 23
10. Trumpet 8th'
II Manual C – f 3
11. Violin principal 8th'
12. Libl. Covered 8th'
13. Salicional 8th'
14th Aeoline 8th'
15th Vox coelestis 8th'
16. Fugura 4 ′
17th French horn 2 ′
18th Scharff III 1 13
19th oboe 8th'
Pedal C – d 1
20th Violonbass 16 ′
21st Sub-bass 16 ′
22nd Soft bass 16 ′
23. Octave bass 8th'
24. Chorale bass 4 ′
25th trombone 16 ′

Components are cone chest, pneumatic action , a free-standing gaming table with a view of the altar, three normal paddocks, super paddock I + super paddock II / I with swell step. The swell housing was removed in 1953 and refurbished in 2005. The prospectus has a low middle section and two squat side towers, the prospectus pipes are not sounding and are made of zinc.

Remarks
  1. a b c Leopold King (1953)
  2. a b Bader (after 1924 / before 1943)
  3. ^ Leopold King (1953), reconstructed with storage pipes
  4. attenuation
  5. Leopold King (1953), originally Cello 8 ′ (abbreviated 1953)

Pastor

  • 1921-1936: Friedrich Bruno cranes (born September 26, 1880 in Volkmarsen , district Kassel , on 25 July 1907 in Fulda for priests ordained; † 14 May 1944 in Wiesbaden )
  • 1936–1957: Philipp Giebfried (born April 18, 1892 in Stadelschwarzach ; ordained a priest on August 17, 1917; † May 23, 1957 in Aschaffenburg)
  • 1957–1964: Hans Link (born June 19, 1906 in Hobbach ; ordained a priest on March 16, 1930; † August 5, 1990 in Kleinwallstadt )
  • 1964–1986: Heinrich Scherger (born April 23, 1915 in Kleinwallstadt; ordained a priest on February 17, 1940; † June 5, 2009 in Erlenbach am Main )
  • 1987–1996: Werner Drenkard (ordained a priest on July 22, 1951; † September 11, 1996)
  • 1997–2009: Wolfgang Senzel (* 1956 in Wiesen ; ordained a priest on February 23, 1985)
  • since 2009: Wolfgang Kempf (* 1962 in Aschaffenburg; ordained a priest on February 20, 1988 in Münsterschwarzach )
Friedrich-Krane-Platz

Redesign of the church square

In 1993, the redesign of the church square in front of the Laurentiuskirche and the Erthalschule began. The stone seal was removed, the fountain (popularly known as Leiderer Schwellkopp , created in 1978 by Erwin Rager) was moved from the Lukaskirche here; Georg Hüter created a modern bronze statue of Laurentius. Finally, a replica of the memorial plaque for the first pastor of St. Laurentius was erected. On April 19, 1994, Mayor Willi Reiland was able to hand over the new Friedrich-Krane-Platz to the population of Leider.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Mathias Thiel: Stiftsarchivregesten (Ms. in the City and Stiftsarchiv Aschaffenburg) Regest of the document 3314 of December 12, 1340.
  2. ^ Mathias Thiel: Stiftsarchivregesten (Ms. in the City and Stiftsarchiv Aschaffenburg) Regest of the document 2936 of April 23, 1345.
  3. ^ Felix Mader : The art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria , Lower Franconia , XIX. City of Aschaffenburg . Munich 1918, p. 185.
  4. Carsten Pollnick: The Church of St. Lawrence. In: Unfortunately, messages from the Aschaffenburg City and Abbey Archives.
  5. ^ Inauguration of the new parish church St. Laurentius in Leider. In: Observer on the Main, Aschaffenburger Anzeiger , No. 178 of August 6, 1923.
  6. God be with work, to Him be the glory! Handwritten chronicle of the parish of St. Laurentius Aschaffenburg-Leider, begun in 1925 by the first pastor Friedrich Bruno Krane
  7. ^ Alois Stadtmüller: Aschaffenburg in the Second World War. Bombing, siege, surrender. (= Publications of the history and art association Aschaffenburg iK ) Paul Pattloch Verlag, Aschaffenburg 1970.
  8. ^ Hermann Fischer: Organs of the Bavarian Lower Main region. History and Art Association eV, Aschaffenburg 2004, ISBN 3-87965-099-3 .
  9. ^ Organ St. Laurentius Aschaffenburg – unfortunately. Festschrift for the consecration of the organ, sponsorship group of the new St. Laurentius organ, unfortunately July 2005.

literature

  • 40 years of St. Laurentius Church Aschaffenburg-Leider. Catholic rectory, 1963.
  • 60 years of St. Laurentius Church Aschaffenburg-Leider. Catholic rectory, 1983.
  • Messages from the City and Abbey Archives Aschaffenburg. Special issue vol. 3, issue 4: 90 years of incorporation LEIDER. August 1991, ISSN  0174-5328
  • Wilhelm Kaup, Wolfgang Kaup, Klaus Hapke (arr.): Aschaffenburger studies. Part II. Documentations, Volume 10: Living in Leider - Portrait of a district. City of Aschaffenburg, 1995, ISBN 3-922355-15-3 .
  • 75 years Laurentiuskirche unfortunately. Parish office, 1998.

Web links

Commons : St. Laurentius Aschaffenburg-Leider  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 49 ° 58 '21.3 "  N , 9 ° 7' 12.6"  E