St. Martinus (castle)

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View of St. Martinus from the castle keep of Burgs

St. Martinus is the Roman Catholic parish church of Burg an der Wupper , a district of the North Rhine-Westphalian city ​​of Solingen . The building has been a listed building since March 5, 1986 . The parish belongs to the pastoral care area Solingen-Süd in the Archdiocese of Cologne .

history

Count Engelbert I of Berg allowed the Knights of St. John in 1170, one Coming in freedom at Schloss Burg to set up by the Order of the patronage of the former, the sacred Pankratius consecrated chapel transferred. Before 1200, the Johanniter built their own church in the form of a two-aisled vaulted hall , the shape of which was probably shaped by the experiences of the knights in the Holy Land . The first documented in September 1228 as the St. John the Baptist ordained ( ecclesie b [eati] Johannis ) mentioned church also became parish later. In 1732, Saint Martin was named as its second patron. It served both to hold church services and as a baptismal church and nursing station for the order. In the 15th century, the church received a sacristy with a pent roof , on the upper floor of which there was a Gothic oratory .

After the end of the Thirty Years' War , the retreating imperial garrison of the castle destroyed not only its defensive elements, but also part of the Johanniterkirche, which had previously been damaged during a siege . The western part of the building then had to be rebuilt, with old building materials probably being used for the reconstruction in simplified forms. In 1771 the choir tower was added. In the course of secularization , the church went from the Johannites to the state and was rededicated as a parish church to St. Martin on November 11, 1803 .

After the interior was renovated in 1952 , an extensive renovation of the structure followed in the 1960s . In 1960 the sacristy was torn down and new windows were installed in the choir .

description

architecture

Floor plan of the church from 1894

The oldest part of the church is the Romanesque east building from the end of the 12th century with a clear width of 8.5 meters. A three-sided choir without a choir house is in front of it on the eastern front side. On top of this stands a choir tower clad with slate shingles , whose pointed octagonal helmet is crowned by a weather vane . The tower serves as a belfry, enter its two bells following inscriptions: "Everardus PETIT ME FECIT A. 1790" and "SANCTE JOANNE BAPTISTA ORA PRO NOBIS QUEM PRAEDICASTI Salvatorem SACRO Ordini Melitensi ERECTA A. 1799. ME FUDIT STÖCKY" ( German Saint John the Baptist , Pray for us with him who was previously proclaimed by you as Savior. Erected by the Holy Order of Malta in 1799. Stöcky poured me ). The choir has a large arched window with a sloping sill . Its glazing was designed by Peter Hecker and shows the Holy Trinity . Current events from the time it was created in 1969 flow into the depiction of a stylized astronaut. On both sides of the choir, a round-arched window appears with the representations of Saint Martin and John the Baptist.  

Romanesque capitals and columns

A Romanesque column position runs along the walls inside the entire eastern part . Fifteen 1.35 meter high columns made of blue-black marble with corner leaf bases and fine leaf capitals made of white limestone rise on a low plinth , which are connected by arches. 13 of these columns come from the early 13th century, presumably from the medieval Pankratius Chapel or the palas of the castle at that time .

The younger western part is 11.95 meters long and made of tuff . It has a flat ceiling and three windows on each of the long sides. Admission is granted by a double-leaf oak door in the middle of the western face. It comes from the workshop of the sculptor Manfred Saul in Hennef and shows two reliefs with figures standing on top of one another. The stone coat of arms of the Order of St. John hangs above the portal and reminds of the beginnings of the parish church. On the north outer side of the building there are six old grave slabs , one of them from 1620.

Furnishing

On the south wall above the entrance to today's sacristy is a wooden figure of Archbishop Engelbert of Cologne . The statue originally depicting St. Martin was reworked by E. Lodorf in 2006 and given Engelbert's insignia. On the opposite side, the kettle-shaped, Romanesque baptismal font stands on a stone column with formerly four round corner consoles , which are no longer preserved today. The baptismal font - like the brick stipes  - probably dates to the first half of the 13th century and was later revised. On the wall above the baptismal font are two baroque wooden figures from around 1750 depicting the Archangel Gabriel and Saint George . They are on permanent loan, originally from the St. Pankratius Church in Dormagen - Nievenheim .

The holy water font of St. Martinus was made from a column base decorated with corner leaves. The church stalls and the organ on a wooden gallery above the entrance date from the classicism period . There is a Marian altar in a niche under the organ gallery .

Since 2002 the church has had a precious relic . A container attached to the front of the altar contains a finger bone of St. Engelbert from his shrine in Cologne Cathedral .

literature

Web links

Commons : St. Martinus (Solingen-Burg)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Solingen Monument List. Status: July 1, 2015, p. 22, serial no. 800 ( PDF ( Memento of the original from December 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link accordingly Instructions and then remove this note .; 126 kB). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www2.solingen.de
  2. ↑ Website of the Archdiocese of Cologne ( Memento of the original from March 31, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed April 6, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.erzbistum-koeln.de
  3. ↑ Elke Janßen-Schnabel: Solingen Castle. Two monument areas around Burg Castle. In: Norbert Kühn (ed.): Castle Burg on the Wupper. Rheinischer Verein , Cologne 2015, ISBN 978-3-86526-108-3 , p. 39.
  4. ↑ P. Clemen (ed.): The art monuments of the cities of Barmen, Elberfeld, Remscheid and the districts of Lennep, Mettmann, Solingen. 1894, p. 43.
  5. ↑ a b Stefanie Schild: Castle Castle on the Wupper. In: Norbert Kühn (ed.): Castle Burg on the Wupper. Rheinischer Verein , Cologne 2015, ISBN 978-3-86526-108-3 , p. 8.
  6. ^ Theodor Joseph Lacomblet : Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine. Volume 2. Wolf, Düsseldorf 1846, No. 155 ( digitized version ).
  7. ↑ Stefanie Schild: Castle Burg on the Wupper. In: Norbert Kühn (ed.): Castle Burg on the Wupper. Rheinischer Verein , Cologne 2015, ISBN 978-3-86526-108-3 , p. 6.
  8. ↑ a b c Stefanie Schild: Castle Castle on the Wupper. In: Norbert Kühn (ed.): Castle Burg on the Wupper. Rheinischer Verein , Cologne 2015, ISBN 978-3-86526-108-3 , p. 9.
  9. ^ E. Lutterbach: Castle Castle on the Wupper. 2003, pp. 80-81.
  10. ^ E. Lutterbach: Castle Castle on the Wupper. 2003, pp. 80-79.
  11. ↑ a b History of the Church on the parish website , accessed April 6, 2016.
  12. ↑ a b Church history on zeitspurensuche.de , accessed on April 6, 2016.
  13. ^ Gerhard August Fischer : Castle Castle on the Wupper. The castles of the Middle Ages and life on them. Reprint of the edition from 1892. Kierdorf, Remscheid 1980, ISBN 3-922055-30-3 , p. 14.
  14. ↑ a b c d P. Clemen (ed.): The art monuments of the cities of Barmen, Elberfeld, Remscheid and the districts of Lennep, Mettmann, Solingen. 1894, p. 44.
  15. ^ Friedrich Everhard von Mering : History of the castles, manors, abbeys and monasteries in the Rhineland and the provinces of Jülich, Cleve, Berg and Westphalen. Volume 9. Heberle, Cologne 1853, p. 48.
  16. ↑ According to P. Clemen (ed.): The art monuments of the cities of Barmen, Elberfeld, Remscheid and the districts of Lennep, Mettmann, Solingen. 1894, p. 44. In other publications slate is given as a column material.
  17. ^ E. Lutterbach: Castle Castle on the Wupper. 2003, p. 81.
  18. ^ E. Lutterbach: Castle Castle on the Wupper. 2003, p. 82.
  19. ↑ a b c d Information about the church on the parish website , accessed April 6, 2016.
  20. ^ A b G. Dehio: Rhineland (= Handbook of German Art Monuments . North Rhine-Westphalia, Part I). 2005, p. 1108.
  21. ^ G. Dehio: Rhineland (= Handbook of German Art Monuments . North Rhine-Westphalia, Part I). 2005, p. 1109.

Coordinates: 51 ° 8 ′ 16.9 ″  N , 7 ° 9 ′ 7.4 ″  E