St. Severin (Schwadorf)
St. Severin in Schwadorf , the southernmost district of Brühl , was built in 1875. The Catholic parish church,which is still preserved today,replaced aprevious medieval building that was also abandoned in 1875.
history
Probably the origin of the first church is in the 12th century. The Cologne Abbey of St. Severin had a small church built in Schwadorf, which was under the patronage of Bishop St. Severin . This church, or at least her altar were by the Cologne Archbishop Philip during his tenure from 1167 to 1191 consecrated . This emerged from an unharmed salvaged seal of the bishop, which was found in the reliquary of the altar during the demolition work on the old Schwadorfer church in 1875 . The discovered relics and the episcopal seal "Philipps", as well as his written inscription, found in a lead capsule, were recognized as authentic by the auxiliary bishop Baudri .
Parish of St. Severin
Schwadorf and its parish formerly belonged to the deanery of Ahr-Gau , and were united with the parish Walberberg as a branch church during French rule in 1807 . In 1862, the archbishop of Cologne, Johannes von Geissel, gave the church back its independence as a parish. With this survey the parish belonged to the dean's office in Brühl.
Predecessor of today's church
The building, laid down in 1875 and also consecrated to St. Severin, was a simple, single-nave , barrel-vaulted church. The external shape of this old church had no characteristic architectural style, only individual Romanesque arched windows refer to an old architectural history. Formerly existing side slopes (low annexes resembling aisles) had been demolished a long time ago ("Rosellen" stated a period of over 100 years ago), so that this limited space was no longer sufficient for the growth of the believing population of that time a larger church building was required.
The neo-Gothic church
After laying the foundation stone in May 1874, the new church was consecrated in October 1875. The building, designed by the Deutz municipal master builder Müller, was built with a single nave and red-brown brick in a neo-Gothic style. "Rosellen" gave the following dimensions of the structure in feet : The current church is 60 feet long, 37 feet wide; the choir 20 feet long. The height inside is 35 feet. [..] the bell tower is 120 feet high .
Two of the three bells from the previous church could still be used for the belfry of the new church. The unusable one was allowed to melt down and the proceeds were invested profitably until a later replacement was purchased . The bells that were taken over were consecrated to Our Lady and Saint Severin.
In addition to a donation from the wealthy Spürk family amounting to 5,000 thalers, the construction costs raised by the civil parish amounted to 16,000 thalers , or 48,000 Reichsmarks .
Building description
The building, which is not oriented in the traditional way , ends in the south with a 3/8 curve of the choir. The north side received a square tower in front of it and towering over the church. This begins on its front with the central portal , above which is a larger pointed arch window, inserted over Gothic ornamentation and provided with tracery. The tower section following a surrounding cornice adorns it with circular windows. The floor with the bell chamber follows above another cornice structure . Above this bell chamber with paired round arches of the sound openings on all sides, the tower ends with a circumferential arched frieze and the following cornice. A pointed helmet rises above it and is crowned by a gilded weathercock .
Saint Severin
Choir and sacristy extension
Choral detail
Spire from the south
The nave and choir also have a surrounding frieze that completes the masonry. The nave is subdivided by the stepped buttresses that end a little below this and the gable roof that begins . Between the buttresses, high, pointed arched windows in neo-Gothic style were let into the masonry. These tracery windows show mostly biblical motifs in beautiful color compositions. However, only part of the glazing dates from the beginning of the 20th century. Much of the glass work was lost due to the effects of the last war and had to be replaced. A sacristy with a separate external entrance was added to the retracted choir on its southwest side.
Interior design and inventory
You enter the building from the north side, a few steps higher than Herman-Fassbender-Straße, named after a former pastor, through a massive wooden portal . The small anteroom of the tower is left through a glass door and is located under the flat beamed ceiling of the organ gallery , in the first yoke section of the nave. This has been divided into four bays and, like the adjoining choir, has a retracted ribbed vault resting on consoles , the pressure of which is absorbed by the outer buttresses.
Nave and choir
Choir and altar table
Organ loft
A central aisle flanked by benches leads on a dark tiled floor to the choir area, which has been raised by a few steps and is partly modernly equipped. In addition to the very old crucifixion group, there is a baptismal font set into the choir wall , which was created in 1961 by the Cologne artist Paul Nagel , a free-standing tabernacle and a modern altar table. A desk equipped with a microphone replaces a former pulpit . On the side walls, below the windows furnished with biblical motifs , individual stations of the cross have been attached with small picture panels created by the Cologne artist Egino Weinert . In addition to statues of saints on both sides of the walls, a modern confessional has been added to the eastern side. The nave ends at the very narrow wall surfaces of the recessed choir area, the parking spaces for the former side altars.
- Altars
The church was formerly equipped with three altars in Gothic style. The main altar was erected in honor of the Holy Cross, whereby this (cross altar) consisted of an ornate crucifix , which Mary and John were placed next to. The work came from the old Bornheim church and is now dated to the 15th century. A simple, modern altar table is set up in front of the crucifixion group attached to the southern choir wall .
Medieval crucifixion group
Altar table
Mary Altar
Of the side altars adopted from the medieval church tradition, one was consecrated to St. Severinus and one to Mary, the Mother of God . The latter is located today on the east and front side of the nave, on the narrow wall of the beginning choir. It consists of a narrow altar without an attachment above which a sculpture of the Queen of Mary is placed in front of a decorative blue wall hanging .
The place of the former Severinus altar is now taken by a futuristic candle tree, above which a painting by the Spürk family adorns the wall. These were the wealthy owners of the Komarhof, a Schwadorfer court estate that belonged to the St. Kunibert monastery in Cologne until secularization . The painting is from around 1830 and depicts the Descent from the Cross of Jesus Christ . It shows the donor in the lower area of the painting, as was done at the time by the painters at the request of their clients .
Rectory and churchyard
The pastorate extends west of the church to the rear street "Am Falter". Today's rectory, built in 1863, is, like St. Severin, made of red-brown brick.
St. Severin is located on a slightly elevated square on Hermann-Fassbender-Strasse, surrounded by an old churchyard. In addition to a number of old graves, behind the church there is a weathered grave slab attached to the choir wall. Remnants of the alliance coat of arms of the "Schall von Bell" for Schwadorf and Dransdorf can be seen on this . It is also documented that the brother of the Junker Heinrich von Bell was shot and buried in Schwadorf during an attack by Dutch troops in May 1591 between Brühl and Cologne. The coat of arms and the no longer legible inscription on the stone tomb reminds of the former noble family in the early history of the place.
literature
- Robert Wilhelm Rosellen: History of the parishes of the deanery Brühl , JP Bachem Verlag, Cologne 1887
Individual evidence
- ^ Robert Wilhelm Rosellen, p. 529
- ^ Robert Wilhelm Rosellen, p. 526
- ^ Robert Wilhelm Rosellen, p. 529
- ^ Robert Wilhelm Rosellen, pp. 525, 530
- ^ Robert Wilhelm Rosellen, p. 524
- ^ Robert Wilhelm Rosellen, p. 531 f
- ^ Robert Wilhelm Rosellen, p. 524, reference to: Ennen , Geschichte der Stadt Köln, V 268
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 48 ′ 11 ″ N , 6 ° 55 ′ 1.7 ″ E