Stampa
Stampa | ||
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State : | Switzerland | |
Canton : | Graubünden (GR) | |
Region : | Maloja | |
Political community : | Bregaglia | |
Postal code : | 7605 | |
Coordinates : | 765 655 / 134717 | |
Height : | 994 m above sea level M. | |
Area : | 94.82 km² | |
Residents: | 595 (December 31, 2008) | |
Population density : | 6 inhabitants per km² | |
Stampa |
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Stampa is a place in the political municipality of Bregaglia in Bergell , Maloja region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden .
coat of arms
Blazon : In silver (white) over a black crenellated shield base a ready-to-fly, red armed eagle .
The coat of arms was designed according to the motifs of the Stampa family coat of arms: the castle of the coat of arms was replaced by the pewter cut and the eagle changed color. The colors are based on the specification of the coat of arms of the church association .
geography
The village lies at an altitude of 994 m above sea level. M. on the left bank of the Maira , 35 kilometers southwest of St. Moritz and 17 kilometers east of Chiavenna . The municipality consisted of two parts. The smaller, western part is called Stampa and is located in Bergell . The larger district of Maloja lies on both sides of the Maloja Pass ; in Bergell and Engadine .
The village of Stampa and to the west of it (from east to west) the hamlets of Coltura (999 m above sea level), Muntac / Montaccio (1043 m above sea level), Caccior (933 m above sea level) and belonged to the municipality of Stampa the Palazzo Castelmur on the western border of the municipality . To the east of the village is the district of Borgonovo (1043 m above sea level).
The hamlet of Cavril (1551 m above sea level) on the Orlegna and the almost uninhabited Val Maroz, in which the Maira rises, belonged to the Maloja municipality . The hamlet of Orden (1800 m above sea level) is located southeast of the Maloja Pass. Cad'Maté (1815 m above sea level) and the village of Maloja (1809 m above sea level) are in the Engadin. On a hill north of the village is the hamlet of Pila (1,839 m above sea level).
The hamlet of Creista (1802 m above sea level) and the district of Cadlägh (1829 m above sea level ) lie on Lake Sils ( Lej da Segl in Graubünden ). Isola (1812 m above sea level) is located on the southern shore of Lake Sils . Most of the area is mountainous. This includes the Val Forn with the lake Lägh da Cavloc (Cavlocciosee, 1907 m) and its side valleys. The southern former municipal border is also the national border with Italy. The highest points of the separating mountain ranges are the Cima di Vazzeda (3301 m above sea level), the Monte del Forno (3214 m above sea level) and the Piz Fora (3363 m above sea level). Also in the former municipality there are some heights that are around 3000 meters above sea level. M. achieve such. B. the Piz Fedoz with 3190 m above sea level. M.
Of the entire former municipal area of almost 95 km², 6261 ha (= 66.1%) of mountains and 1875 ha (= 19%) are covered by forest and wood. 1095 hectares of the 1348 hectares of arable land are alpine meadows. Only 80 hectares are settlement areas.
history
Remnants of settlements from the Latène and Roman times were found on the soil of today's municipality of Stampa near S. Pietro , including the trough grave of Stampa near Palü. The valley floor was already developed and settled in the 12th century, the Maloja region was developed from Stampa from the 15th century. The name Stampa first appears in the form of Stamppa in 1354. In the Markgenossenschaft and the later Bergell High Court, Stampa and the settlements north of the Müraia formed the judicial community of Ob-Porta, which had a civil court from 1535. Most of the land was occupied by the von Salis , von Stampa, Prevost, von Castelmur families and the Bishop of Chur , whose sovereign rights passed to the community from 1367 to 1526.
Ecclesiastically Stampa belonged to the large parish of S. Maria auf der Porta, but had a chaplain in S. Pietro in Coltura and in S. Giorgio in Borgonovo, which was expanded in 1327. The village accepted the Reformation as early as 1533, and from 1549 it had its own predicant.
Stampa was characterized by a strong peasant class; Before the age of the railways, transportation and related trades were also important. In 1859 Stampa became an independent municipality. The Bergell power plants , which are majority owned by the Zurich electricity company , are an important source of income for the town and the entire valley. Many valley farmers work in the forest in winter or commute to the Upper Engadine. Primary schools have been located in Vicosoprano since the school year 2009 and bilingual in Maloja, a secondary school exists in Stampa.
Community merger
Until the end of 2009, Stampa was its own political municipality in what was then the district of Bregaglia (Bergell) in the Maloja district . On January 1, 2010, the parishes of Bergell (i.e. Bondo , Castasegna , Soglio , Stampa and Vicosoprano ) merged to form the new municipality of Bregaglia.
population
Population development | ||||||||
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year | 1850 | 1900 | 1950 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2008 |
Residents | 328 | 445 | 414 | 420 | 488 | 531 | 570 | 595 |
languages
The majority of the inhabitants speak a Lombard dialect. Due to the location - part of the municipality is in the Engadine, part in Bergell - there are German and Romansh-speaking minorities. The following table shows the development over the past decades:
languages | 1980 census | 1990 census | 2000 census | |||
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number | proportion of | number | proportion of | number | proportion of | |
German | 66 | 15.71% | 139 | 28.48% | 147 | 27.68% |
Romansh | 21st | 5.00% | 12 | 2.46% | 10 | 1.88% |
Italian | 317 | 75.48% | 319 | 65.37% | 351 | 66.10% |
Residents | 420 | 100% | 488 | 100% | 531 | 100% |
Religions and denominations
The population of Stampa converted to the Protestant faith in 1533. In 2000 about 30 percent of the population were again Catholic.
Origin and nationality
Of the 570 residents at the end of 2005, 503 (= 88%) were Swiss citizens.
Attractions
Palazzo Castelmur in Coltura
- The reformed village church of San Pietro and the church of San Giorgio in Borgonovo are listed monuments .
- Casa Baldini
- Ciäsa Granda Museum
- Vogelbacher-Stampa holiday home
- At the southern exit of the village, to the right of the Mera, is Stampa's tub grave .
- South of the village is the Palazzo Castelmur in Coltura on the right
- The installation Culur by Gottfried Honegger stands on the dam wall of the Orden retention basin near Maloja .
Personalities
- Giovanni de Castelmur (born January 8, 1800 in Stampa, † June 24, 1871 in Nice ), baron, politician, historian
- Jacob Arnold von Salis (born December 21, 1847 in Stampa (today the municipality of Bregaglia ), † March 6, 1923 in Basel ), theologian, poet, playwright, historian and art historian
- Arnold von Salis (1881–1958), son of Jacob Arnold, professor of classical archeology
- Vico Rigassi (born December 7, 1905 in Stampa; † August 6, 1983 in Maloja ), from Braggio , sports journalist (radio), official spokesman for the cycling world championships
- Piero del Bondio (* 1947 in Stampa), painter, sculptor, decorative painter
The artist family Giacometti comes from Stampa. Their best-known representatives are:
- Giovanni Giacometti (1868–1933), Swiss painter and graphic artist, father of Alberto Giacometti
- Augusto Giacometti (1877–1947), second cousin of Giovanni, Swiss painter
- Zaccaria Giacometti (1893–1970), Swiss jurist and state thinker
- Alberto Giacometti (1901–1966), son of Giovanni, Swiss sculptor, painter and graphic artist
- Diego Giacometti (1902–1985), son of Giovanni, Swiss sculptor
- Bruno Giacometti (1907–2012), son of Giovanni, Swiss architect
Culture
- The valley museum is housed in the Ciäsa Granda from 1581. It also shows works by the artist family Giacometti and the painter Varlin . The graves of the Giacometti are in the district of Borgonovo, whose church was provided with glass windows by Augusto Giacometti. A hike connects the districts and leads on to the sun terrace of Soglio .
- Associazione Amici del Centro Giacometti
literature
- Adolf Collenberg: Stampa. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 2, 2016 , accessed December 17, 2019 .
- The municipalities of the canton of Graubünden. Chur / Zurich 2003, ISBN 3-7253-0741-5 .
- Simona Martinoli and others: Guida d'arte della Svizzera italiana. Edizioni Casagrande, Bellinzona 2007, pp. 527-528, 532-535.
- Erwin Poeschel : The art monuments of the canton Graubünden, Volume V. The valleys on the Vorderrhein, Part II. The valley communities of Schams, Rheinwald, Avers, Münstertal, Bergell. (= Art Monuments of Switzerland. Volume 14). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1943, ISBN 978-3-906131-20-7 .
- Tomaso Semadeni: Stampa. In: Historisch-Biographisches Lexikon der Schweiz , Volume 6, Sisikon - Steg. Attinger, Neuenburg 1921, p. 500 ( digitized version ).
- Renato Stampa: Storia della Bregaglia. 1963, (1974 2 ), Tipografia Menghini, Poschiavo (1991 3 ).
Web links
- Stampa on the ETHorama platform
- Website of the municipality of Bregaglia
- Federal inventory ISOS: Stampa
- Federal inventory ISOS: Coltura
- Federal inventory ISOS: Borgonovo
- Stampa on elexikon.ch
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stampa on the ETHorama platform
- ↑ Coltura on ethorama.library.ethz.ch/de/node
- ↑ Borgonuovo on biblio.unibe.ch/digibern/hist_bibliog_lexikon_schweiz (accessed on June 29, 2017).
- ^ Adolf Collenberg: Borgonovo. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 7, 2016 .
- ↑ Borgonovo on ethorama.library.ethz.ch/de/node
- ↑ Lägh da Cavloc on ethorama.library.ethz.ch/de/node
- ↑ Lägh da Cavloc on schweizersee.ch
- ^ Adolf Collenberg: Stampa. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 2, 2016 , accessed December 29, 2019 .
- ^ Adolf Collenberg: Stampa. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2nd December 2016 .
- ^ Adolf Collenberg: Stampa. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2nd December 2016 .
- ↑ Casa Baldini
- ↑ Ciäsa Granda Museum
- ↑ Bregaglia Ciäsa Granda Museum
- ↑ Museum Ciäsa Granda on ETHorama
- ↑ Vogelbacher-Stampa holiday home
- ^ Palazzo Castelmur
- ↑ Coltura on ETHorama
- ^ Dolf Kaiser: Giovanni de Castelmur. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . August 26, 2002 , accessed December 17, 2019 .
- ↑ Michael Raith : Arnold von Salis. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . June 6, 2012 , accessed February 12, 2020 .
- ↑ Marco Marcacci: Vico Rigassi. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . November 15, 2010 , accessed April 29, 2020 .
- ^ Piero del Bondio. In: Sikart
- ↑ Leza Dosch: Giacometti. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 11, 2006 .
- ^ Associazione Amici del Centro Giacometti