Sumte

Sumte Municipality of Neuhaus
Coordinates: 53 ° 17 ′ 17 ″  N , 10 ° 52 ′ 38 ″  E
Height :	10 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	111
Incorporation :	October 1, 1993
Postal code :	19273
Location of Sumte in Lower Saxony
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Sumte is one of seven localities in the municipality of Amt Neuhaus, which has belonged to Lower Saxony since 1993, and is, like the entire municipality, east of the Elbe .

geography

Sumter lake

Sumte is located in the glacial valley of the Elbe, about 30 kilometers east of the district town of Lüneburg in the right Elbe part of the Lüneburg district . Due to the small height difference to the Elbe and the loamy soil, moist meadows and fields as well as waterlogging are characteristic of the Sumte district . Therefore, drainage ditches were dug early on to drain the area into the Elbe. The village is located on the four kilometer long, surrounded by deciduous forest Sumter lake , a backwater of the river Elbe.

history

The first written mention of Sumte comes from the year 1352, but still as Zommete , but in 1399 already as Sumpte . However, the area around Sumte was settled much earlier by Slavs (more precisely: by the Polabians ). The place name probably goes back to them, the Slavic word Som for catfish is considered to be the origin. This fish species was also native to Lake Sumter due to frequent flooding by the Elbe.

Since the eastern colonization by German settlers, the area of ​​the municipality of Amt Neuhaus belonged to the Duchy of Saxony-Lauenburg . In Sumte, however, there were only five farms, the majority of the village belonged to the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and thus to the Bleckede office . The fact that Sumte belongs to a different duchy than today's capital Neuhaus / Elbe , only four kilometers away , is explained by the earlier course of the Elbe. At that time the river flowed through the flat marshland in several arms . The course of an Elbar can still be traced today through the Krainke and Sude rivers and the Schwarzwasser. Even the Sumter lake is called oxbow previewed this Elbarms. He separated Sumte from the Lauenburg office of Neuhaus. The arms of the Elbe thus enclosed the area around Sumte, which resulted in an island-like location. This fertile island was colonized early by Lüneburg settlers, and they mingled with the resident Slavs, creating the Old Hanover village of Sumte.

On April 2, 1791, nine farms with a total of twenty buildings burned down in a large fire. Due to the devastating situation in Sumte, the residents of the surrounding villages banded together and each helped a Sumte family. They first took the cattle into their stables and donated food and building materials for the reconstruction. Not only the Hanoverian villages, but also the Mecklenburg neighboring town of Niendorf took part in the campaign.

The fact that Sumte and the neighboring town of Krusendorf belonged to the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg was a specialty, since all other Hanoverian villages on the right of the Elbe belonged to the Duchy of Saxony-Lauenburg. After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the Kingdom of Hanover Lauenburg ceded to Prussia , but the area of ​​the Neuhaus office was previously separated and incorporated into the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg. This change of area made it possible for Sumte to be fully connected to the Neuhaus district in 1820.

After the defeat of the Kingdom of Hanover in the German War of 1866, Hanover became a Prussian province . Accordingly, Sumte also belonged to Prussia until the end of the Second World War .

After the war, Sumte initially belonged to the British occupation zone , but due to its location on the right bank of the Elbe and the lack of a bridge, it was ceded to the Soviet occupiers along with the entire area of ​​the Neuhaus office . This decision was also justified with the high costs to be expected for supplying the population as well as with the military protection that could not be guaranteed. After the founding of the GDR , Sumte belonged to the district of Hagenow in the Schwerin district and, together with the surrounding villages, formed Krusendorf (incorporated on July 1, 1950), Niendorf (incorporated on January 1, 1974, formerly Mecklenburg), Neu Garge (on July 1, 1950 Viehle incorporated), Viehle (incorporated on January 1, 1974) and Gülstorf the municipality of Sumte. The more than 600-year affiliation to Hanover thus came to an end for the time being. The situation on the border of the GDR led to the forced relocation of residents in 1952 as part of the Vergeziefer campaign . In addition, a five-kilometer-wide exclusion zone was set up along the inner-German border , making Sumte a restricted area . Residents could only enter the village with a permit. Visits by relatives in the restricted area had to be requested in advance. The restricted area was later reduced in size and moved just behind the village; the villages of Viehle, Gülstorf and Neu Garge in the Sumte community remained in the restricted area, as did the west bank of Lake Sumte.

After reunification , Sumte initially belonged to the newly formed state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and the first and only democratic municipal council election was held. The elected municipal council then decided to merge with the other seven municipalities of the former Hanoverian office of Neuhaus (Sückau, Dellien , Neuhaus / Elbe , Kaarßen , Haar , Stapel and Tripkau ) and thus dissolved itself. Before that, however, the reorganization to Lower Saxony was decided unanimously, as in the other seven municipalities. The reorganization between the federal states of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Lower Saxony was sealed by a state treaty. Since June 30, 1993 Sumte belongs to the district of Lüneburg and thus again to Lower Saxony. Niendorf, which from 1974 belonged to the municipality of Sumte, but historically belonged to Mecklenburg, moved to Lower Saxony. This decision was justified with the close ties between Sumte and Niendorf. The district of Stiepelse in the Mecklenburg community of Teldau was transferred to the Sumte community on June 30, 1993 in order to restore the historic Hanoverian borders. On October 1, 1993 the unified community Amt Neuhaus was re-established. The Neuhaus office is the only area in the new federal states that moved to an old federal state . Due to the status of a town , Sumte has a town councilor. This is provided by the most elected party and is responsible for the entire former municipality of Sumtes and the district of Stiepelse.

The economic development after reunification was comparatively favorable in Sumte. The proximity to the metropolitan region of Hamburg , in which Lüneburg is also located, had a positive effect here . Furthermore, the state of Lower Saxony and the district of Lüneburg invested in the infrastructure and the equalization of living conditions in addition to federal funding for rebuilding the east . Important economic indicators such as the unemployment rate and per capita income matched the rest of the district.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the former municipality of Sumte

The coat of arms of the former municipality of Sumte shows two crossed horse heads facing inwards. This symbol can often be found on farmhouses in Lower Saxony. The ear of wheat in the middle of the two horses' heads indicates the rural tradition of Sumte. The lower third of the coat of arms is green, crossed by a blue band. It represents the Elbe in the middle of the green Elbe Valley. Since Sumtes merged with Neuhaus / Elbe, Sückau, Dellien, Kaarßen, Haar, Stapel and Tripkau, the coat of arms is no longer used.

Nuclear waste repository

Since reunification, Sumte has often been discussed as a possible alternative nuclear waste repository. A study by the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Raw Materials from 1995, the so-called salt study, is cited. However, this study comes to the conclusion that Sumte should only be included in the search with reservations. Since the time of the study until today (January 2012), no test drilling has been carried out. The study draws on old data from GDR times, which were carried out to explore possible oil deposits. They show that important criteria are only partially or not verifiably fulfilled. For example, structural complications in the overburden are listed as well as the partial lack of the barrier function of the overburden. Furthermore, in some areas there is less than 200 m overburden above the salt dome. The study also excludes locations in Germany as they are currently located in a nature reserve. Since 1997, the entire area of ​​the Sumte salt dome has been in the UNESCO biosphere reserve Lower Saxony Elbe Valley , which also provides a counter-argument.

Web links

• Website of the municipality of Neuhaus
• The history of Sumte in the municipality of Amt Neuhaus

Individual evidence

1. ^ Geographical names. Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy, accessed on December 22, 2018 .  
2. ↑ Paul Rost: The remnants of language of the Draväno-Polaben in the Hanoverian. JC Hinrichs-Verlag, Leipzig 1907, p. 323.
3. ^ Joachim Hermann: Reports, German Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Central Institute for Ancient History and Archeology. Volume 3, Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, 1973, p. 57.
4. ^ Hermann Guthe : The Lands of Braunschweig and Hanover . Klindworth's Verlag, Hanover 1867, p.  90–91 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
5. ↑ New Hanover magazine . 3rd edition, Buchdrucker G. E. Schlueter, Hannover, 1793, pp. 742-744.
6. ↑ Friedrich Eduard Keller: The Prussian State: A Handbook of Fatherland Studies. Volume 1, August Boltening Verlag, Minden 1864, pp. 58-59.
7. ↑ Manfred Hamann, Jörg Walter, Peter Bardehle (edit.): Overview of the holdings of the Lower Saxony Main State Archives in Hanover. Volume 3: Central and subordinate authorities in the Landdrostei and administrative districts of Hanover, Hildesheim and Lüneburg until 1945 . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1983, p. 202.
8. ^ Inge Bennewitz, Rainer Potratz: Forced resettlements on the inner-German border: analyzes and documents. 2nd Edition. Christoph Links-Verlag, Berlin 2002, p. 138.
9. ↑ Area changes in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1990–1999 (PDF; 73 kB), State Statistical Office MV, accessed on February 27, 2011.
10. ^ State treaty between Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Lower Saxony on the reclassification of the former municipality of Amt Neuhaus , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania State Parliament, accessed on February 27, 2011.
11. ↑ StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 1993
12. ↑ ( page no longer available , search in web archives: homepage of the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Raw Materials / download salt study )