Valerier
Valerius was the gentile name of the Roman gens Valeria , one of the oldest families in the city ( gentes maiores ). The name was in use throughout Roman history.
identity
The ancient patrician family is said to have immigrated under King Titus Tatius . The name, derived from the old individual name Valesus / Valerus (variant created by Rhotazism ), was originally Valesios ; 312 BC The censor Appius Claudius introduced the new spelling Valerius . Since the name in antiquity (etymologically correct) was derived from valere ( Latin to be strong ), it was considered a good omen, especially in the military field. The literary tradition about the history of the family, which was probably heavily embellished by the annalist Valerius Antias , paints the picture of a - in contrast to the proverbial arrogance of the Claudians - "people-friendly" attitude of the first Valerians, for which the speaking epithet Poblicola and the introduction or Renewal of the laws on provocatio by Valerier here.
The palace of the Valerians lay on the Caelius until the late imperial period . The honorary right of a sella curulis in the Circus Maximus is attested , as well as a house and a burial place that was not used later on the Velia in Rome, which a family monument decorated with honorary inscriptions.
Branches of the gens
The family divided as early as the 5th century BC. In the Maximi and the Poplicolae . In the 3rd century BC The nickname Poplicola was replaced by Flaccus and Laevinus , Maximus by Messala . Since then, the most important branch has been the Flacci , which has provided six generations of consuls since C. Valerius Flaccus . The line of the messalae continued well into the 1st century.
Another consul, Lucius Aradius Valerius Proculus (340), was considered a descendant of the Republican Valerians.
The plebeian branches of the family were the Tappones and the Triarii .
Poplicolae
- Publius Valerius Poplicola , Consul 509, 508, 507 and 504 BC Chr.
- Publius Valerius Poplicola († 460 BC), Roman consul 475 BC BC and 460 BC Chr.
- Lucius Valerius Poplicola Potitus , Roman consul 449 BC. Chr.
- Lucius Valerius Poplicola , Consular Tribune 394, 389, 387, 383 and 380 BC Chr.
- Publius Valerius Potitus Poplicola , Consular Tribune 386, 384, 380, 377, 370 and 367 BC Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Poplicola, Consul 355 and 353 BC Chr.
- Publius Valerius Poplicola, 352 BC Chr.
- Lucius Valerius Poplicola Balbinus Maximus , Roman consul 253
- Quintus Porcius Potitus , Roman officer (imperial era)
Volusi and Potiti
- Marcus Valerius (Volusus?) , Consul 505 BC Chr.
- Lucius Valerius Potitus , consul 483 and 470 BC Chr.
- Lucius Valerius Poplicola Potitus , consul 449 BC Chr.
- Gaius Valerius Potitus Volusus, consular tribune 415 BC Chr .; Consul 410 BC Chr.
- Lucius Valerius Potitus , Consular Tribune 414, 406, 403, 401, 398 BC Chr .; Consul 393 and 392 BC Chr.
- Gaius Valerius Potitus , Roman consul in 331 BC. Chr.
- Publius Valerius Potitus Poplicola , Consular Tribune 386, 384, 380, 377, 370, and 267 BC. Chr.
Maximi
- Manius Valerius Maximus Corvinus Messalla , consul 263 BC. Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Maximus Lactuca , Roman consul 456 BC. Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Maximus Corvinus, Consul 312 and 289 BC Chr .; Censor 307 BC Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Maximus (Potitus?), Consul 286 BC. Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Maximus Messalla , Consul 226 BC Chr.
- Valerius Maximus , historian, 1st century.
- Lucius Valerius Maximus ... Acilius Priscilianus , Consul 233 and 256.
- Lucius Valerius Poplicola Balbinus Maximus , Consul 253.
Laevini
- Publius Valerius Laevinus , Consul 280 BC Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Laevinus , suffect consul 220 BC BC, consul 210 BC Chr.
- Gaius Valerius Laevinus , suffect consul 176 BC Chr.
Foldones
- Quintus Valerius Falto , Consul 239 BC Chr.
- Publius Valerius Falto , Consul 238 BC Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Falto , Praetor 201 BC Chr.
Flacci
- Publius Valerius Flaccus , Consul 227 BC Chr.
- Gaius Valerius Flaccus (Praetor 183 BC) , Praetor 183 BC Chr.
- Gaius Valerius Flaccus (Consul 93 BC) , Consul 93 BC Chr.
- Lucius Valerius Flaccus (consul 261 BC) , Roman politician
- Lucius Valerius Flaccus (Consul 195 BC) , Roman politician
- Lucius Valerius Flaccus (consul 152 BC) , Roman politician
- Lucius Valerius Flaccus (Consul 131 BC) , Roman politician
- Lucius Valerius Flaccus (consul 100 BC) († between 73 BC and 69 BC), Roman politician
- Lucius Valerius Flaccus (suffect consul 86 BC) († 85 BC), Roman politician
- Lucius Valerius Flaccus (Praetor 63 BC) († after 56 BC), Roman politician
- Lucius Valerius Flaccus (suffect consul 128) , Roman politician
- Gaius Valerius Flaccus , 1st century poet.
Messallae
- Manius Valerius Maximus Corvinus Messalla , consul 263 BC. Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Messalla (Consul 188 BC) , Roman Consul 161 BC Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Messalla (Consul 161 BC) , Roman Consul 161 BC Chr.
- Valerius Aedituus , poet around 100 BC Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Messalla Niger , Consul 61 BC Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Messalla Rufus , Consul 53 BC Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus , Consul 31 BC Chr.
- Potitus Valerius Messalla , Consul 29 BC Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Messala Barbatus , father of Valeria Messalina
- Marcus Valerius Messalla Appianus , Consul 12 BC. Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Messalla Messallinus , Consul 3 BC Chr.
- Lucius Valerius Messalla Volesus , Consul 5.
- Marcus Valerius Messalla Messallinus, Consul 20.
- Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus (Consul 58) , Consul 58 AD.
- Lucius Valerius Messalla Thrasea Priscus , Consul 196.
- Lucius Valerius Messalla , Consul 214.
Other
- Marcus Valerius Lactuca Maximus , Roman consul 437 BC. Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Lactucinus Maximus , Roman consular tribune 398 BC. Chr.
- Marcus Valerius Corvus , Consul 348, 346, 343, 335, 300 and 299 BC BC, dictator 342 and 301 BC Chr.
- Lucius Aradius Valerius Proculus , Roman politician and consul (340)
- Valerius Antias , chronicler 1st century BC Chr.
- Quintus Valerius Soranus , tribune of the people 82 BC Chr.
- Publius Valerius Cato , scholar, poet 1st century BC Chr.
- Decimus Valerius Asiaticus , suffect consul 35 and consul 46
- Marcus Valerius Martialis ( Martial ), 1st century poet
- Gaius Valerius Festus , suffect consul 71
- Gaius Valerius Florinus , Roman officer (imperial era)
- Gaius Valerius Paullinus , Roman suffect consul 107
- Gaius Valerius Severus , Roman consul 124
- Decimus Valerius Asiaticus Saturninus , Roman suffect consul 94 and consul 125
- Lucius Valerius Licinianus , 1st century attorney
- Valerius Probus , 1st century grammarian
- Marcus Valerius Bradua Mauricus , Consul 191
- Gaius Valerius Gracilis , Roman officer (imperial era)
- Lucius Valerius Proculus , Roman politician and military man
- Gaius Valerius Pudens , Roman consul and senator
- Publius Valerius Comazon , Consul 220
- Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (Diocletian), emperor
- Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus (Maximian), emperor
- Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus (Galerius), emperor
- Flavius Valerius Constantinus (Constantius Chlorus), emperor
- Flavius Valerius Severus , emperor 306–307
- Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius (Maxentius), emperor 306-312
- Valerius Romulus , son of the previous one; Consul 308 and 309
- Flavius Iulius Valerius Crispus ( Crispus )
- Flavius Valerius Licinianus Licinius ( Licinius ), emperor
- Flavius Valerius Constantinus (Constantine I), emperor
- Galerius Valerius Maximinus (Maximinus Daia), emperor
- Iulius Valerius Alexander Polemius, 4th century scholar
- Iulius Valerius Polemius , translator from late antiquity
- Iulius Valerius Maiorianus ( Majorian ), Emperor 457–461
- Flavius Valerius Leo , Emperor 457–474
- Marcus Valerius Junianus , Consul 143
The family also includes Valeria Messalina , the third wife of Emperor Claudius .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ For the complete list of Valerians in office during the Roman Republic, see T. Robert S. Broughton : The Magistrates Of The Roman Republic. Vol. 2: 99 BC-31 BC Case Western Reserve University Press, Cleveland 1952; Unchanged reprint 1968 (Philological Monographs. Ed. by the American Philological Association. Vol. 15, Part 2), pp. 628-632