Viking (ship, 1907)
| Viking | ||
|---|---|---|
 Four-masted barque Viking in the port of Gothenburg |
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| Ship data | ||
| Flags: |
 Denmark Finland Sweden 
|
|
| Ship type : | Sailing ship, four-masted barque | |
| Distinguishing signal : |
TPSL (1906 Danish); OHRU (1929, Finnish); SKHE (1951, Swedish) |
|
| Home port : | Copenhagen (1907); Mariehamn ( Finland , 1929); Gothenburg (1951, last home port) | |
| Keel laying : | July 21, 1906 | |
| Launching / ship christening : | December 1, 1906 | |
| Builder: | Burmeister & Wains shipyard, Copenhagen , shipyard number 253. | |
| Maiden voyage : | July 28, 1907 to Hamburg , Callao and back to Hamburg | |
| Shipping company (owner): | AS "Den Danske Handelsflaadens" Skoleskib for Befalningsmænd, Copenhagen | |
| other shipping companies: |
De Forenede Dampskibs AS (1915-1929); Rederiet-AB Gustaf Erikson (1929-1950); Olof Traung (1951); City of Gothenburg (1951–) |
|
| Technical specifications | ||
| BRT / NRT : | 2,959 / 2,665 | |
| Displacement : | 6,300 t (1,400 t ballast) | |
| Load capacity : | 4,100 t (4,030 tons ) | |
| Length over all (Lüa) : | 118 m | |
| Hull length : | 105.7 m | |
| Length on deck : | 97.4 m | |
| Length between perpendiculars: | 87.7 m | |
| Waterline length : | 85 m | |
| Width over everything: | 13.69 m | |
| Room depth : | 8.10 m | |
| Side height : | 8.40 m | |
| Draft : | 7.33 m | |
| Mast height above keel | 63 m, 55 m ( flag button - deck ) | |
| machine | ||
| Drive: | none | |
| Machine power: | k. A. | |
| Top speed : | 15.5 kn, fully loaded (1909) under sail | |
| Best Etmal : | 372 nm (1909), laden | |
| Rigging and rigging | ||
| Rigging : | Standard rig of a four-masted barque | |
| Rig details : | double Mars / Bramrahen , royal sails , mizzen mast as pole mast, 1 gaff | |
| Mast sequence: | Foremast , main mast , cross and. Mizzen mast | |
| Number of sails: | 33 (18 square, 9 stay, 4 fore, 2 mizzen sails) | |
| Sail area : | 3,690 m² | |
| Total length of the goods: | 35,000 m | |
| Number of decks: | 2 continuous steel decks, plus poop with high deck (midship island) and stern ; top deck with teak | |
| Figurehead : | naked " Viking " | |
| Building-costs: | DKK 591,000.00 | |
| Others | ||
| First skipper : | Niels H. Clausen (1907–1928) | |
| other captains: |
Karl Reuben de Cloux (June 16 - August 1929), Ivar Engelbert Hägerstrand (August 1929 - August 2, 1937), Johan Uno Mörn (August 2, 1937 - July 18, 1939), Karl Torsten Broman (December 18, 1944 - April 14, 1945); 1945 - 1948 launched; (August 31, 1946 - December 15, 1948), IE Hägerstrand (May 30, 1950; shipping company Erikson) |
|
| Crew : | 80 men (captain, 3 officers, 11 seamen, 65 cadets): later 32 (captain, 3 officers, 28 seamen) | |
| Use: | Museum ship | |
The Viking [ˈvɪkɪng] is a four-masted steel barque that was built in 1906 as a sailing training ship for the AS "Den Danske Handelsflaadens" Skoleskib for Befalningsmænd ( The Danish Merchant Navy - training ship for officers AG ) and put into service on July 19, 1907. Today she is moored as a museum and restaurant ship in the port of Gothenburg , Sweden. To date, it is the largest ever in Scandinavia built Windjammer .
description
The windjammer with a steel hull made of riveted plates was designed as a three-island ship with an extra-long poop right up to the midship bridge as a training ship, so it only has an open main deck on the forecastle. She ran a modern standard rig with double Mars and Bramrahen , plus Royalrahen , the mizzen mast as a pole mast with a gaff . Like the great Prussia and the four-masted barque Lawhill , it was fitted with "Jarvis Patent Brass winches" (after the Scottish captain John Charles Barron Jarvis (1857–1935), patented since 1890) on every Rahmast . The four-masted barque was measured with 2,959 GRT and could hold up to 4,100 t / 4,035 tons (1 tn.l. (British ton) = 1.01605 t), plus up to 60 trainees. The hull was always painted white and had a red underwater aisle with a red changing aisle ; some older photos show them with a green water pass. She became known in the world ports especially during the wheat voyages . 32 cabins were installed for additional passengers under the white Erikson flag with black "GE". Its highest Etmal was 372 nautical miles in 1909.
history
Active time
The career of the ship, which was christened as a national event by Crown Princess Alexandra on December 1, 1906 in front of thousands of spectators, began with a near-disaster right after it was launched. The four-masted barque was left with complete rigging from the Helgen and overturned at the equipment quay because it was slim and still without filled ballast tanks (March 18, 1907). Since the ship remained propped up on the quay with the yards, it could be straightened up again by carefully removing some yards. In February 1907 she was ready to sail and left the shipyard, but it was not until July 19 that she left Hamburg under tow in ballast in order to pick up a load of coal. The trip led to Callao on the Peruvian coast , only to return to Hamburg after 203 days with a load of guano . Further training freights followed until, as a result of the war, there were hardly any trainee merchant marine officers available. So the Viking came on May 27, 1915 after nine years of service as a sailing training ship of the "Danish Merchant Navy" to the shipping company Die Vereinigte Dampfschiff AG (Danish De Forenede Dampskibs AS ; AS = Aktieselskab (et) = [the] Aktiengesellschaft), which initially owned the ship in Africa , then worldwide, after the First World War for timber transports to Australia . It was seized by the German auxiliary cruiser SMS Seeadler in 1917 , but released again after a search due to harmless cargo. In addition to coal, guano and wood, other loads were typical bulk goods such as soybeans , stones, salt, cement and wheat. In 1921, 1925 and 1927 it was on sale in Copenhagen for around two years until it was sold. A use as a national training ship was no longer an option, as Denmark had a new and larger sailing training ship for this task, the five-masted barque København .
After a total of 23 years of voyage under the Danebrog and under the command of Captain Niels H. Clausen, she was bought in the summer of 1929 by the well-known Finnish shipowner Gustaf Erikson based in the Åland Islands for £ 6,500 , who brought her to Australia in the wheat trade . The famous sailing captain Karl Reuben de Cloux was the first to take over the tall ship under the Erikson flag. Since July 1939 the sailor was launched in Mariehamn . During the Second World War it was moved to various safe - mostly Swedish - ports in Scandinavia , to Stockholm in 1944 as a grain store and most recently to Åbo in December 1944 with a load of wheat. After the war, she made a few trips with wood and a wheat trip to Australia with passengers together with the Passat under the Erikson flag from 1946–1948 . After returning to London (146 days) as the last port of call, she was hauled to Antwerp and had been lying there for two years since September 1948. Since 1949 she was offered for sale by the Erikson shipping company, as Sven Erikson, the son Gustaf Erikson, rejected all sailors because of the switch to steam and diesel ships.
In 1950 she moved to Rotterdam , where she took part in the 1950 Reich Sea Shipping Exhibition . As a top attraction, it was visited by more than 51,800 people in eleven weeks from June 15 to August 31, 1950. Since there was initially no buyer in sight, the end in a scrapping yard was threatened. Meanwhile, Sweden was looking for a suitable large sailing ship to house various shipping facilities. An association founded in 1944, Das Haus der Seefahrt (Swedish: Sjöfartens Hus ), had taken on the task of accommodating all shipping organizations in a suitable building, which ultimately led to the idea of taking a ship for it. The Viking started talking, funds were raised so that the ship could be purchased for SK 261,000.00 at the end of 1950 (according to other sources, January 26, 1951). Saved from scrapping by the Swedish krona, the Viking was marched to Gothenburg in May 1951, where she was moored in the port of Gothenburg on June 2, 1951. On May 10, 1951, it was bought by Olof Traung (Head of the Maritime Museum in Gothenburg) and five months later sold to the City of Gothenburg.
Current time
On October 11, 1951, the city of Gothenburg decided to purchase the Viking for 315,000 Swedish kronor as a boarding school (for around 130 students). The ship was now under the school administration, a seaman's school (seafaring and cooking school) was on board the Viking for the training of sailors and ship's cooks by Prince Bertil of Sweden , an uncle of today's King Carl XVI. Gustaf and handed over to its destination on September 17, 1957. Restaurant management and tourism courses were added later. At the end of the 1970s, 300 students were registered. In the meantime, the ship was briefly relocated to the dock of the Gothenburg Royal Sailing Society ( Göteborgs Kungliga Segel Sällskap ) in July 1960 on the occasion of its centenary . In 1982 it was entered in the Swedish shipping register. On January 1, 1993, at the symbolic price of a crown, the ship became the property of the Gothenburg Training Administration and was relocated to Gullbergskai near the guest port of Lilla Bommen . From 1994 to December, the Gotenius shipyard in Gothenburg was rebuilt for 48 million kroner for a cost of 48 million crowns, with a new inauguration in February 1995. Since May 1, 1998, the ship has been owned by the "Liseberg Restaurant AB" (AB = Aktiebolag = AG) and is a hotel, restaurant and rentable conference center. It is known in Gothenburg as the Barken Viking ("The Bark Viking"). A return to service is almost impossible, since the ship has no engine and the main mast is higher than a bridge separating the open sea.
See also
Other four-masted barques that have survived are the
- Passat (1911), am Priwall , Travemünde
- Peking (1911), museum ship in Hamburg, currently (2019) for restoration in Wewelsfleth
- Pomerania (1903), museum ship in Mariehamn , Åland Islands , an Erikson shipping sister
- Padua (1926), now Kruzenshtern
- Magdalene Vinnen II (1921), later Commodore Johnsen , now Sedov
- Moshulu , restaurant ship in Philadelphia , formerly Kurt (1905)
- four Japanese four-masted barques: Nippon Maru , Kaiwo Maru (museum ships, both built in 1930), Nippon Maru , Kaiwo Maru (in service, built in 1984 and 1989 respectively)
- Four-masted full ship Falls of Clyde , museum ship in Honolulu , the only surviving ship of its kind
Web links
- Viking on bruzelius.info
- Viking ship details
- Wanted poster Viking with photo
- Finnish page on the Viking with old photos and extensive bibliography
- General structure of a full ship rigging
- official website
literature
- John Anderson: The Last Survivors In Sail . Percival Marshall & Co., London, 1935, pp. 46-47, 61
- J. Ferrell Colton (Cap.): Last of the Square-rigged Ships . GP Putnam's Sons, New York 1937, pp. 262-264
- Jan Davidsson: Barken Viking . Förlag Triangeln, Gothenburg, 1981.
- William LA Derby: The Tall Ships Pass . David & Charles, Newton Abbot, Devon 1970, ISBN 0-7153-4952-X , pp. 76, 97-98, 202, 327-328, 332-333
- Hans Jörg Furrer: The four- and five-mast square sailors in the world . Koehlers Verlagsges., Herford 1984, ISBN 3-7822-0341-0 , p. 190 (Viking)
- Lars Grönstrand: Fyrmastbarken Viking . Ålands Tidnings-Tryckeri, Mariehamn 1978, ISBN 951-99156-9-9 , pp. 271-278 (Swedish)
- T. Garnon Owen: Log of the Windjammer “Viking”. On Voyage from Sharpness to Baltic . The Nautical Magazine 1938, pp. 247-251
- WM Hutton: Cape Horn Passage . Blackie & Son, London 1934
- Walter Laas: The big sailing ships - their development and future . Horst Hamecher, Kassel 1972, ISBN 3-920307-06-2 (reprint of the edition by Julius Springer, Berlin 1908)
- Otmar Schäuffelen: Great Sailing Ships . Adlard Coles, London / Bad Oeynhausen (Germany) 1969, ISBN 0-229-97372-8 , pp. 102-103
- Otmar Schäuffelen: The last great sailing ships . Delius Clasing, Bielefeld 2002, ISBN 3-7688-0483-6
- Olof Traung: 4 / m. barque viking. Museiskepp och sjömansskola . Unda maris 1950, pp. 37–44 (Swedish, German 4m-Bark Viking. Museum ship and seaman's school )
- Olof Traung: Viking. Storseglare och skolskepp . Nautic, Göteborg 1951 (Swedish, German Viking. Tall ship and training ship )
- Harold A. Underhill: Sail Training and Cadet Ships . Brown, Son & Ferguson, Glasgow 1973, pp. 170-177, ISBN 0-85174-175-4
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 57 ° 42 '44.6 " N , 11 ° 57' 54.9" E