Villa Rosa (Hanover)

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Villa Rosa after the renovation

The Villa Rosa in Hanover is a listed " garden house " and the last of its kind in the Lower Saxony state capital. The architect of the villa from the first half of the 19th century was court building officer Georg Ludwig Friedrich Laves , after court master mason Ernst Ludwig Täntzel had delivered the preliminary design. The location of the building at Glockseestraße 1 is the Glocksee district in the Calenberger Neustadt district .

history

As early as 1700, the (today's) Glockseestrasse was available as a road outside of the old city ​​fortifications of Hanover and the Calenberger Neustadt. The street branched off in front of the Calenberger Tor and was initially pushed near the Ihmebrücke by a ravelin , where it then led along the Ihme to the north on the Leine (the historical course of the street appears to be largely straightened today from Königsworther Straße ).

Classicist , carved wooden rosette on the front door of Villa Rosa
The city ​​map of Hanover from 1834 shows near the tip of the westernmost Ravelin in the extension of Calenberger Straße , opposite the “ Artilleriehof ”, the larger garden plot of the Villa Rosa Hahn'sche Hofbuchhandlung, sketched here “twisted”

On both sides of the street there were gardens that were provided with garden houses in the 18th century: With the beginning of industrialization , the old town was "to the same extent as [...] poor workers, artisans and employees found accommodation there, [...] uninteresting as a place to live for the upper class . ”Therefore, representative summer houses were built between the modest, older garden houses , permanent apartments for the wealthy in the countryside outside the city gates, such as Villa Bella Vista and many more. Except for the Villa Rosa, nothing of it has survived.

According to one of the last owners of the villa, Edith Meyer , a member of the von Bohlen and Halbach family commissioned the Villa Rosa for a mistress .

It was only in the 1980s that could authorship of Laves , which until then "existed only as a guess," based on floor plans and drawings from his estate reconstructs be. On the basis of comparisons, the preliminary draft, which was afflicted with “awkwardness”, was identified as that of the court mason Taentzel . Taentzel planned to build on a wedge-shaped garden plot, which had moved close with its wide end on the corner of Glockseestraße the counterscarp of the time there still existing city wall: The former military Glocksee- Ravelin was transformed at the time just from the Artillery School to Marie island , one Park island with restaurants and open-air theater .

Stylized shell crown and delicate ribbons

Similar to the first documented collaboration between Taentzel and Laves in 1827, Laves revised the preliminary design for Villa Rosa by first rotating the floor plan by 180 degrees. The garden salon with the terrace no longer pointed to the former Biedermeier garden on the cold north side, but to the south side with a view of the moat. Taentzel's preliminary design - according to the rules of the golden section - hardly changed Laves in terms of the external dimensions: The redesign to his "unmistakably own design" was carried out by simplifying the facade with refined lines.

After the completion of the villa, the head of the General Tax Fund , Friedrich Christian August Eisendecher, moved into the summer house in the suburbs in 1830 and, according to the city of Hanover's address book, apparently took it as his main residence in 1836, which he then lived in with his wife Henriette Friederike Ramberg .

The name Villa Rosa first appeared in print in 1844 in the address book of the city of Hanover

After Eisendecher's death, the widow sold the house to the Real Privy Councilor, Baron Kress von Kressenstein , behind whom the name "Villa Rosa" appeared for the first time in 1844 in the address book. The baron initially only lived in the villa in summer. In 1855 the garden house passed to Leopold Hurtzig (born August 28, 1796 in Celle , † May 9, 1858 in Linden , father of the industrialist Fritz Hurtzig ).

Meanwhile, new industries were concentrated on both banks of the nearby Ihme at the expense of the dwindling gardens in the Glocksee. The Linden entrepreneur Johann Egestorff had already sold a plot of land to Imperial Continental Gas Association in 1826 , which since then has spread out on the eastern Ihmeufer almost from (today's) Königsworther Strasse in the direction of Rückerstrasse . This was followed by industries such as Franz Heuser & Co., Hanoverian carbon dioxide industry and metal goods factory .

As a result of the filling in of the city ​​moat and the construction of the Humboldtstrasse leading over it from 1870, the eastern Glocksee gained in value as a site for new buildings. As the only garden house in the Humboldtstrasse district and the “suburb of Glocksee”, Villa Rosa escaped demolition. The heirs of the Hurtzig family were followed in 1878 by the community of heirs of the master mason Marx. and finally the former "Eisendecher'sche Garten" had disappeared apart from a small remnant in the mid-1880s in the parceled block between Glocksee-, Wieland- and Humboldtstraße.

In 1898 the building was sold to the timber merchant Louis Treitel , who had his residence in Berlin , and at the turn of the century the conversion of the spacious garden villa into a tenement house : A separate stairwell extension at the back of the house enabled closed apartments inside five tenants lived. In 1929 the house was sold to the forwarding company Karl Heinrich Meyer , who took his apartment and office on the ground floor. The building with today's garden plot remained in his family's possession for three generations.

After the First World War , the bank of the Ihme opposite the villa was filled up for further industrial settlements.

Late 1940s: child with scooter in front of Villa Rosa; in the background a ruin of the war
Reconstruction years: family in an Opel in the courtyard of the villa, which is densely filled with poor houses

By the air raids on Hannover in the Second World War, the Villa Rosa took relatively little damage - from the buildings in the area was sometimes barely stand a facade.

The 1989/90 simplified reconstructed staircase to the former house entrance

In 1989/90 the Villa Rosa was partially reconstructed according to the old plans by Laves.

View from Peter-Fechter-Ufer with the sculpture Die Begehbare , 2011

Building description

The classicist villa is a 3: 5-axis plastered building over two floors on a basement base and under a saddle-hip roof. The main and garden side faces southeast and is characterized by a three-axis, smoothly plastered central projection with an arched position on the ground floor and a triangular gable. While the windows on the upper floor are each closed by a cornice-shaped roof, the outer windows take on the arch shape with a shell crown. In a fine contrast to the central projectile, the walls adjoining it are provided with a delicate rusticated band.

literature

Web links

Commons : Villa Rosa  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Ilse Rüttgerodt Riechmann: The northwest suburb of Glocksee (see literature)
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Wolfgang Voigt: Hannover, Eisendecker garden house ... (see literature)
  3. ^ Helmut Zimmermann : Glockseestrasse. In: The street names of the state capital Hanover. Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung , Hannover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 93.
  4. ↑ kig: Laves building must be renovated ... (see literature)
  5. ^ According to Wolfgang Voigt (see literature) Estate number LN 1211–1213
  6. ↑ Georg Ruppelt (Ed.): From the book collection to the library. Regimental libraries in the 18th and 19th centuries. (= Journal for Libraries and Bibliography . Special Volume 93). Vittorio Klostermann , Frankfurt am Main 2008, ISBN 978-3-465-03580-0 , especially p. 49, mostly online
  7. ^ Arnold Nöldeke : Marieninsel. In: City of Hanover. The art monuments of the city of Hanover. Part 1: Monuments of the "old" city area of ​​Hanover. (= The Art Monuments of the Province of Hanover Volume 1, Issue 2, Part 1). Self-published by the Provinzialverwaltung, Schulzes Buchhandlung, Hannover 1932, p. 649. (Reprint: Verlag Wenner, Osnabrück 1979, ISBN 3-87898-151-1 )
  8. ^ According to Wolfgang Voigt when building a semi-detached house at Georgstrasse 30/31
  9. ↑ Compare the inscriptions on the couple's double grave in the [[Neustädter Friedhof (Hanover) |]].
  10. ^ Waldemar R. Röhrbein : Hurtzig, (1) Fritz. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover. P. 312.
  11. ↑ see for example this invoice form
  12. ↑ a b Hugo Thielen, Helmut Knocke: Glockseestraße 1 (see literature)
  13. ↑ Edneide Ferreira (editor-in-chief): Decision on "Calenberger Loch" - court rejects urgent application by the owners of "Villa Rosa". ( online ( memento of the original from March 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. on: hannover-zeitung.net (without Date, 2011?), Accessed on July 9, 2012) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hannover-zeitung.net
  14. ↑ see for example this photo of a child playing in front of Villa Rosa

Coordinates: 52 ° 22 ′ 12 "  N , 9 ° 43 ′ 17.5"  E