Vollmarshausen

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Vollmarshausen
community Lohfelden
Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ′ 39 ″  N , 9 ° 33 ′ 46 ″  E
Height : 212  (180-240)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.39 km²
Residents : 3406  (Apr 2, 2020)
Population density : 461 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st December 1970
Postal code : 34253
Primaries : 05608, 05605

Vollmarshausen is a district of the municipality of Lohfelden in the northern Hessian district of Kassel and the oldest settlement in the Söhreraum . The townscape is still characterized by historical half-timbered houses. The Wahlebach flows through the village .

history

The still unpaved Wahlebach led along Kasseler Straße and the linden tree at the court square, the stone table also visible (1910)
The Evangelical Church in Vollmarshausen

The area around Vollmarshausen was settled in the late Bronze Age and the earlier Iron Age (approx. 1200 to approx. 650 BC), as the Vollmarshausen cemetery discovered in 1951 shows. It is one of the most important finds from this period in Western Europe.

In the 10th and 11th centuries, the cleared areas to the east of Kassel were given to colonists , and the fields and land were given long leases. In 1019 Emperor Heinrich II donated the village to the Kaufungen Monastery . Today this document is considered to be the first mention of Vollmarshausen. Vollmarshausen first appeared as a parish in the 14th century, and in 1536 it was still an independent parish.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, the upper mill, mentioned since the early 14th century, housed the armory of Johann Jakob Lagemann ; operations stopped in 1924, but the building is still there. In the center of the village is the historic court square of Vollmarshausen . The origins of the place called Schöppenstuhl or Thingplatz go back to the Middle Ages.

Until the 19th century Vollmarshausen had a church that came from a time when the place only had 850 inhabitants. 1835–39 the Evangelical Church in Vollmarshausen was built according to a design by Daniel Engelhard . The design language follows classicism , but the floor plan and tower resemble a Byzantine basilica . The altarpiece, baptismal font, bells and the chalice were taken over from the previous building.

In 1905 the brickworks Vollmarshausen GmbH was founded; it lasted until the end of 1965, when the clay deposits were exhausted. In 1933, the case of elementary school teacher Ludwig Rüdiger, who opposed National Socialism , caused a sensation . Arrests followed. As early as 1932, the National Socialists had applied for the arrest of the mayor of Vollmarshausen in the Prussian state parliament .

A motorway was planned in the vicinity of the village, as the preliminary work for which the motorway bridge at Vollmarshausen (today Söhrewald) was built. Due to the shift in priorities, the bridge served as a temporary production facility for the engine construction plant in Kassel . The bridge in the forest still exists today. The village survived the war without material losses.

Territorial reform

Postmark from the still independent village, 1959

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipalities of Lohfelden, consisting of Crumbach and Ochshausen, and Vollmarshausen voluntarily merged to form the new municipality of Lohfelden on December 1, 1970. The previous Lohfelden had approx. 8000 inhabitants at this time, Vollmarshausen approx. 3000.

Historical place names

Vollmarshausen was mentioned under the following names in documents that have survived (the year of mention in brackets):

  • Volmareshusun (1019)
  • Volcmereshusun
  • Wolcmereshusin (1229)
  • Volmershusen (1306)
  • Volmarshusin (1351)
  • Fulmershusen (1487)

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Vollmarshausen was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1585: 48 households
• 1747: 55 households
Vollmarshausen: Population from 1834 to 1970
year     Residents
1834
  
 762
1840
  
 807
1846
  
 854
1852
  
 905
1858
  
 865
1864
  
 940
1871
  
 989
1875
  
 1.009
1885
  
 1,078
1895
  
 1,111
1905
  
 1,325
1910
  
 1,337
1925
  
 1,558
1939
  
 1,894
1946
  
 2,529
1950
  
 2,543
1956
  
 2,471
1961
  
 2,479
1967
  
 2,753
1970
  
 2,880
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 1065 Protestant (= 98.79%), 2 Catholic (= 0.19%) and 11 other Christians (= 1.02%)
• 1961: 2210 Protestant (= 89.15%), 216 Roman Catholic (= 8.71%) inhabitants

Culture and sights

Place nickname

The inhabitants of Vollmarshausen are also called "Baddschen" (slippers) in the North Hessian dialect .

Buildings

The court square in the center of the settlement is the oldest dominant feature. Albeit a very old settlement, the period 1790–1830 decisively shaped the townscape when people turned away from agriculture. Most of the buildings in the listed complex and almost all of the 32 cultural monuments in Vollmarshausen are from the era of the beginning industrialization and in a classical style. Even a brick factory in the village did nothing to change the preferred construction of half-timbered houses. From the 1950s onwards, new development areas were developed on the outskirts, which were built on with row houses and single-family houses.

In 2006, the square in front of the “Zum Grünen Baum” restaurant was redesigned with the historic “An Dippels Born” fountain. Since then, a family room has been located on the first floor of the restaurant's building.

Regular events

The term Linde hard every year at the beginning of August a festival in the town center. In 2011, the focus was on the inauguration of the new event room in the former hose tower of the volunteer fire brigade . Another festival is at the end of August we see us night .

Infrastructure

In Vollmarshausen there is a primary school , a local library and a day care center . District road 8 and state roads 3203 and 3236 lead through the village .

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Lohfelden-Vollmarshausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Vollmarshausen, Kassel district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 16, 2016). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Statistics on the website of the municipality of Lohfelden , accessed in April 2020.
  3. ↑ August Straub : North Hesse: Landscape, History, Culture, Art, Economy, Volume 1 , Glock u. Lutz Nürnberg 1969, p. 176
  4. ↑ Angela Pitzschke: Lohfelden. Three villages - one place. History and Stories , p. 83 1996
  5. ↑ Pastor history of the Kassel-Land church district from the beginning until 1977 , Ernst Werner Magdanz, p. 18, Elwert 2002
  6. ↑ Angela Pitzschke: Lohfelden. Three villages - one place. History and Stories , p. 126 1996
  7. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Festschrift 100@1@ 2Template: dead link / spdnet.sozi.info
  8. ↑ Amalgamation of the municipalities of Lohfelden and Vollmarshausen in the Kassel district to form the municipality of "Lohfelden" on November 13, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 48 , p. 2253 , point 2249 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5,6 MB ]).
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 400 .
  10. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ↑ Redesign of the building at Brunnenstrasse 13/13 a. (No longer available online.) Lohfelden-hessennet, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on December 1, 2016 .