Vorderer Schlossberg (Mering)

Front Schlossberg
Creation time :	around 900
Castle type :	Hill castle
Conservation status:	Ramparts, trenches
Place:	Mering - Reifersbrunn
Geographical location	48 ° 15 '42.1 "  N , 11 ° 1' 35.8"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 15 '42.1 "  N , 11 ° 1' 35.8"  E
Height:	545  m above sea level NN

The Vordere Schlossberg is a well-preserved early medieval castle rampart around two kilometers east of the Mering market in the Aichach-Friedberg district ( Swabia ) in Bavaria . The ground monument is officially dated as Hungarian .

Geographical location

The Vordere Schlossberg lies on the edge of the hard forest on a low hill.

history

The northwestern wall section with the upstream, here only about half a meter deep ditch

The west side to the south (wall height about four meters)

The southern pilgrimage to the east

Looking back to the west

The foundation walls of a Roman building were located below the main castle. A few small finds confirm this finding.

When the Hungarians began to attack Bavaria around 900, numerous smaller protective castles were built in the endangered areas in addition to some large regional castles .

The Vordere Schlossberg should also belong to this group of small fortifications . As with many early medieval ramparts, there is no documented or other information about the history and time. However, many of these castles were created through the expansion of older settlements or fortifications.

The well-preserved earthworks and the shape of the complex are, however, a clear indication of its function as a Hungarian protective castle . A similar ring wall is located about seven kilometers north near Kissing on the Lechrain. Widukind von Corvey already speaks in his chronicle of smaller castle walls on the right side of the Lech, from which the fleeing Hungarians are said to have been fought after the battle on the Lechfeld (955).

Like most other castles of this type, the Vordere Schlossberg is hidden away in the area at some distance from the settlement. At the other end of the hard forest - two kilometers away - another castle wall has been preserved. The Hintere Schlossberg , however, is dated as an early Celtic (400–800 BC). Certainly this defense system was used and expanded again during the time of the Hungarian storms . Between the two castles there is a short piece of rampart with a ditch in front of it in the forest. The time of this two meter high wall is unknown.

description

The facility is raised about 20 meters on a flat hill spur. At the foot of the hill, the Burgweg leads through a short, S-shaped forecourt. A shallow ditch is in front of the approximately two meter high wall.

The oval main castle was built in two construction phases. The original course of the ramparts is still clearly visible inside the castle. To the older, western part, a horseshoe-shaped rampart was added to the east in such a way that the castle area almost doubled.

The wall of the main castle is between two (north side) and five meters high. The upstream moat originally ran around the entire castle. After the Second World War, the moat on the north side was leveled by a farmer. The wall crown raises the inside by about one meter.

The gate was on the east side, protected by the slope. The moderately steep ascent to the castle was secured by the Vorwerk below.

In a smaller excavation, stone foundation strips were found on both sides of the gap at regular intervals of around 1.3 meters. There was a layer of clay between the bands. This foundation was possibly supported by a double tower gate, more precise statements about the construction cannot yet be made. A stone band about one meter wide also runs on the rest of the wall crown of the main castle and the Vorwerk.

Traces of terrain indicate a large-scale apron protection by a fence or thorn barn. Such obstacles to the approach should force the eastern cavalry warriors to dismount.

The ring wall was measured and topographically recorded by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation . Today the Wallburg is difficult to access, the area is densely overgrown with thorn bushes and partly planted with young forest.

The State Office for the Preservation of Monuments lists the ground monument as a settlement from the Roman Empire and a ring wall of the early Middle Ages under monument number D 7-7732-0022.

literature

• Martin Schallermeir: Mering. From the past and the present . Mering 1971.

See also

• List of castles and palaces in Bavaria

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation: Entry ( Memento of the original from December 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.