Burgstall Rehling

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Burgstall Rehling
Creation time : High medieval
Castle type : Hilltop castle, spur position, moth
Conservation status: Castle stable, trenches and earthworks
Place: Rehling -Unterach
Geographical location 48 ° 29 '42.5 "  N , 10 ° 55' 2"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 29 '42.5 "  N , 10 ° 55' 2"  E
Height: 480  m above sea level NN
Burgstall Rehling (Bavaria)
Burgstall Rehling

The Burgstall Rehling (Kugl) is located directly above the church in the Rehlinger district of Unterach on the Lechleite in the Aichach-Friedberg district in Bavaria . Only trenches and earthworks have survived
from the high medieval hilltop castle of the type of a tower hill castle (motte) .

history

The first mention of a Edelfreien surnamed Rehlingen dates back to 1085. In this document Waltchun occurs from Rohelingin as a witness at the presentation of the monastery Habach in Murnau to the cathedral to Augsburg on. 1099 a Gebhard von Rohelingen can be proven. Around 1143 there was a Hermann von Rehling cathedral curator in Augsburg, or a brother in the local monastery of St. Ulrich and Afra . The original residence of this family is likely to have been on the Rehlinger church hill.

Towards the end of the 12th century, the Lords of Rehling joined the following of the aspiring Wittelsbach family . 1170 Arnold appears Rehlingen as pfalzgräflicher porter . At this time, many former noble families submitted to more powerful feudal lords. Such employment relationships could often be very lucrative; other families were forcibly forced to give up their independence. However, the Rehlinger still owned the castle as free property, so they had only signed a service contract with the Count Palatine.

In 1300, however, Grimold von Rehlingen granted the imperial city of Augsburg the right to open the castle. The fortress was therefore always open to the city soldiers as accommodation. In return, Grimold received a right of residence within the city ​​walls .

In 1302 Berchtold von Rehlingen was the advisor to the Duchess Mathilde of Bavaria, in 1309 he was the episcopal burgrave of Freising .

In the following century, the Lords of Rehlingen were able to establish themselves very successfully in the patriciate of the city of Augsburg. The family achieved great wealth through financial transactions and the mining trade . The male line of the family only went out in 1999.

In 1322 Hans von Rehling sold the rule of Rehling to Heinrich von Gumppenberg and his two sons Stephan and Heinrich for 2064 pounds of Munich pfennigs. In addition to the free property, the associated ducal fiefs were also sold. In the deed of purchase three castles (dwellings) are mentioned. The other facilities are likely to be the later Scherneck Castle and the Sedlhof next to Rehling Castle. In 1999 Helmut Rischert discovered another alleged castle site north of Scherneck Castle, perhaps a predecessor castle "Alt-Scherneck".

Rehling Castle was destroyed together with Scherneck Castle in 1388 during the city war from 1387 to 1389. Burgplatz seems to have been inhabited with interruptions until the Thirty Years' War . In 1559 the Augsburg archivist and historian Clemens Jäger reported about a "Thurnlin on the mountain" (the tower hill), which " had recently been rebuked and the Ebrons judge lived there ". The area is referred to in this source as " Landwehr ", so it was probably secured by palisades and thorn hedges. As recently as 1837, such hedges around the tower hill were mentioned in the property tax cadastre during the "bullet destruction".

description

The high medieval moth lies above the Unterach district on a spur that juts out to the north. The approximately six meter high main castle cone sits directly on the edge of the slope. The bricks and roof tiles of the superstructures have been preserved on the oval plateau (approx. 18 × 9 meters).

An unusually wide, leveled trench (17 to 30 meters) runs around the tower hill , which is accompanied by an arched, high and wide outer wall. The wall , an outer trench is provided in addition to the transition at the outer ward blocks a smaller transverse wall. To the north, the hilltop ends flat after about 40 meters.

In the southeast of the rampart system, a three-sided, spacious outer bailey was formerly attached, in which the fortified Sedlhof of the castle was located. Today only a few wall and moat remains are preserved. The property Unterach 28, the "Berggartner", is now on the site.

literature

  • Helmut Rischert: The tower hill castle Rehling near Unterach . In: District Aichach-Friedberg (Ed.) Altbayern in Schwaben - Yearbook for History and Culture 2002 . ISBN 3-9802017-5-9 .