Sulęcin

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Sulęcin
POL Sulęcin COA.svg
Sulęcin (Poland)
Sulęcin
Sulęcin
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lebus
Powiat : Sulęcin
Gmina : Sulęcin
Area : 8.56  km²
Geographic location : 52 ° 26 '  N , 15 ° 6'  E Coordinates: 52 ° 26 '0 "  N , 15 ° 6' 0"  E
Residents : 10,117 (June 30, 2019)
Postal code : 69-200
Telephone code : (+48) 95
License plate : FSU
Economy and Transport
Street : Gorzów Wielkopolski - Gubin
Rail route : Wierzbno – Rzepin
Next international airport : Berlin-Schönefeld , Poznan



Sulęcin [ su'lɛnt͡ɕin ] ( German Zielenzig ) is a city in the Polish Lubusz Voivodeship with 10,117 inhabitants. It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with 15,767 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019) and the district town of the Sulęciński Powiat .

Geographical location

The city is located in the Neumark in the valley of the small Warthen tributary Postomia (Postumfließ) . The surrounding landscape is characterized by the Lubusz Lake District and numerous elevations, of which the Góra Bukowiec (beech forest height ) stands out at 227 meters. The next larger city is Gorzów Wielkopolski (Landsberg an der Warthe) 45 kilometers to the north. The Berlin - Poznan motorway passes 16 kilometers to the south. It was connected to the Rzepin - Międzyrzecz railway line until 2013 .

history

Zielenzig around 1900
Church from the 13th to 14th centuries, Protestant church until 1946, renovated in 1951
school-building

Excavations show that in the Zielenziger region as early as the 2nd millennium BC Was settled.

There was a Slavic settlement in Zielenzig. In 1241, Bishop Heinrich von Lebus allowed Count Mrotzko to establish a German settlement in Zielenzig. This is the oldest surviving document in which the place was mentioned. In 1244 Zielenzig went to the Knights Templar . It was referred to as a city ( civitas ).

After 1253 Zielenzig came under the rule of the Margraves of Brandenburg , who had a wooden castle built here in 1269. The castle was destroyed in the course of armed conflicts by Duke Bolesław of Poland that same year. In 1286 Margrave Otto IV handed over the oppidum ( town ) Zielenzig back to the Knights Templar.

After 1312 Zielenzig came to the Order of St. John . He pledged the town in 1318 to the Brandenburg margrave Woldemar. In 1322 the Johanniter Zielenzig bought back from the Silesian Duke Heinrich. 1326, however, the citizens paid homage to the then underage Wittelsbach Margrave of Brandenburg, Ludwig of Brandenburg , eldest son of Roman-German King Louis IV. Bayer . It was not until 1350 that Zielenzig belonged to the Johanniter, who owned it until 1810.

The Hussite civil war that broke out in Bohemia in 1419 also spread to Zielenzig, where it caused great damage.

During the Swedish-Polish-Brandenburg clashes in 1658, an armistice was concluded between Brandenburg and Sweden in Zielenzig , whereupon Brandenburg switched from the Polish to the Swedish side.

In 1733 the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm I paid a visit to the city. During the Napoleonic Wars , French soldiers were temporarily stationed in Zielenzig.

After the new Prussian district division of 1815, Zielenzig was incorporated into the Neumark district of Oststernberg and became its administrative seat, which was moved back to Drossen from 1852 to 1873 . Between 1821 and 1828 there were repeated fires in the city. In 1850 the city had 485 houses.

After the division of the district in 1873, Zielenzig was again the district town. At that time, textile factories and mills were the main industries, and the town had 4,500 inhabitants in the mid-19th century. With the onset of industrialization, open-cast lignite mines were built outside the city gates, which led to the construction of a briquette factory in Zielenzig. The improvement in the infrastructure resulted in an increase in the population; in 1885 the number of inhabitants had risen to just under 5800.

After the First World War , companies in the wood processing industry settled here. The last German census in 1939 determined 6568 inhabitants.

From October 30, 1943 until the end of the war, the No. 1 saloon car of Kaiser Wilhelm II was parked in a shed at the station .

In the final phase of World War II , the Red Army captured Zielenzig on February 2, 1945 without encountering military resistance. Their soldiers ransacked downtown houses and set them on fire, destroying fifty percent of the city. After the dismantling of the industrial plants, the Red Army placed Zielenzig under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland in July 1945 . The immigration of Polish migrants began, some of whom came from areas east of the Curzon Line conquered by Poland after the First World War . The German city of Zielenzig was renamed Sulęcin and the local population was expelled .

population

year 1850 1875 1880 1890 1933 1939
population 4,780 5,732 5,880 5,958 5,856 6,568

Sulęcin had over 10,000 inhabitants in 2014.

local community

The town-and-country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Sulęcin includes the town itself and a number of villages with school authorities.

Partnerships

There are partnerships with the German cities of Beeskow , Friedland (Brandenburg) and Kamen (North Rhine-Westphalia).

Attractions

In the list of monuments of the voivodship are registered

  • the Gothic St. Nicholas Church, originally built by the Templars, restored after 1945
  • Old town houses from the 18th and 19th centuries

  • Street train

  • Old commercial street

  • Rest of the old city walls

  • New buildings, youth culture center

Personalities

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century . Volume 3, 1st edition, Brandenburg 1856, pp. 269-273 ( online ).
  • Jacek Cieluch: Activities of the Soviet war command in Zielenzig / Sulecin in 1945 . In Oststernberger Heimatbrief , 3/2014 of December 20, 2014, p. 17.
  • W. Riehl and J. Scheu (eds.): Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence . Berlin 1861, pp. 495-497.
  • Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück : History of the former diocese of Lebus and the country of this taking . Volume 3, Berlin 1832, pp. 515-518.
  • Eduard Ludwig Wedekind : Sternbergische Kreis-Chronik. History of the cities, towns, villages, colonies, castles etc. of this part of the country from the earliest past to the present . Zielenzig 1855, pp. 219-224.

Web links

Commons : Sulęcin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ For the early history up to 1318 see Christian Gahlbeck: Zielenzig (Sulęcin). Coming of the Knights Templar. In: Heinz-Dieter Heimann , Klaus Neitmann, Winfried Schich u. a. (Ed.): Brandenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, monasteries and the coming up to the middle of the 16th century (= Brandenburg historical studies, volume 14). Volume 2. Be.bra-Wissenschaft-Verlag, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-937233-26-0 . Pp. 1338-1344. In Zielenzig there were probably no self-employed comers , there is no evidence whatsoever.
  2. ^ Eduard Ludwig Wedekind : Sternbergische Kreis-Chronik. History of the cities, towns, villages, colonies, castles etc. of this part of the country from the earliest past to the present . Zielenzig 1855, p. 69 ff.
  3. ^ A b c Eduard Ludwig Wedekind: Sternbergische Kreis-Chronik. History of the cities, towns, villages, colonies, castles etc. of this part of the country from the earliest past to the present . Zielenzig 1855, pp. 219-224.
  4. ^ A b c d e Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Population figures in the district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).