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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | West Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Sławno | ||
| Gmina : | Darłowo | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 26 ′ N , 16 ° 29 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 5 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 70 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 94 | ||
| License plate : | ZSL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Zielnowo (German: Sellen ) is a village in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . It is located in the Powiat Sławieński and belongs to the municipality of Darłowo ( Rügenwalde ). From 1975 to 1998 the village belonged to the Koszalin Voivodeship .
Geographical location
Zielnowo is located in Western Pomerania , at the Wipperknie at the confluence of the Mühlgraben on the south side of the outflowing glacial valley of the Wipper, about five kilometers east of the town of Darłowo (Rügenwalde). The district of the village borders in the west and north on the Wipper, in the east on the village Borzyszkowo ( Renkenhagen ) and in the south on Krupy ( Grupenhagen ). Other neighboring communities are: in the west the town of Darłowo, in the north Zakrzewo ( Sackshöhe ) and Köpenitz , in the east Alt Kugelwitz and in the south Sińczyca ( Schöningswalde ).
history
The village is mentioned for the first time in 1301 in a deed of donation made out by Prince Sambor von Rügen for the Burgrave Matthäus von Schlawe of the Swenzonen family . In a document from 1315, signed by the Swenzonen Peter von Neuenburg and his brother Jesko von Schlawe , the village bears the place name Zelne . The village passed from Matthäus von Schlawe into the possession of councilor Konrad Wilde in Köslin, who sold it to the city of Rügenwalde on October 28, 1322 for an annual rate of 24 marks to be paid at Martini. Since then, the village of Sellen has been owned by the city of Rügenwalde, which will remain so until the Stein-Hardenberg reforms . Originally there were seven farms with 13 Hegerhufen, which corresponds to 195 hectares (1 Hegerhufe = 60 acres = 15 hectares), and also the municipal Vorwerk, in which mainly sheep was raised. A large part of the desert between Sellen and Kugelwitz belonged to the Vorwerk.
In the 17th and 18th centuries, the village of Sellen had seven to nine farmers and initially four and then nine kossas . When a farmer from the town of Rügenwalde leased a farm, he was given a certain basic set of inventory. A full farmer typically received living inventory: six horses, four cows, three pigs, six geese and ten chickens, and dead inventory: three wagons, two sleds, two plows, six harrows and other tools such as axes, spades, forks and kettles. In addition, he received three beds with the accompanying bedding, two towels, two tablecloths and two combs. Half-farmers and cottagers got correspondingly less. For a farm in Sellen 1 ½ Reichstaler rent and four bushels of oats had to be paid annually . In addition, the farmer was obliged to do handicrafts and tensioning services on the municipal farm; including z. B. drove into the city, driver services with wolf hunts and auxiliary services with the timber rafting on the Wipper. Despite such burdens, the Sellen farmers did not seem to have gone badly, because they donated a lot for the neighboring Marienkron monastery .
During the Thirty Years War Sellen had to endure oppressive billeting of military troops. The village was particularly stressed when Rügenwalde was commissioned by Frederick the Great in 1757 to found the village of Schöningswalde and the city had the necessary clearing work carried out by farmers from Sellen and Grupenhagen. When they refused because of overload, the farmers were locked in the Rügenwalder Castle . The wives then went to the castle gate to protest. The release of the men was conditional on resuming the clearing work immediately, and in the event of further refusal, the farmers were threatened with hitting them in the sweat bank. Such a sweat bench, which could later be viewed in the Rügenwalder Heimatmuseum, was equipped with a buckle device for hands and feet as well as with a cavity into which glowing coals could be poured. Three small farmers, two from Grupenhagen and one from Sellen, each with a hand horse rode to the king's petition linden tree and were finally released from their burdens, especially since the main work had already been done.
Around the year 1780 there were seven farmers, seven kossas , five Büdner , a shepherd's house and a total of twenty households in Sellen .
In 1812, the village mayor March , son of Christine Schmidt , had to go into hiding because he had thrown a French commissar of Napoleon Bonaparte's army out of the window because of excessive demands. His hiding place was first in the reed area between Lake Vitter and the Baltic Sea beach , then he moved into a wooden box, the bottom boards of which had air holes and which was covered with flax at the top .
The lifting of serfdom was preceded by disputes that lasted until 1828. Then the following arrangement was made: seven farmers paid 1,820 thalers plus an annual canon of 36 thalers for land, buildings and inventory, seven farmers paid 900 plus 66 thalers total annual pension. The agricultural areas of the Vorwerk were given to the villagers for 2100 thalers and an annual canon of 355 thalers.
Until 1945 Sellen was a rural community in the district of Schlawe in the administrative district of Köslin in the province of Pomerania . Sellen was the only place to live in the municipality of Sellen. In 1925 the parish of the municipality had an area of 6.1 km²; There were 35 houses on it, and 209 inhabitants were counted, who were distributed over 46 households.
Towards the end of the Second World War , Sellen was occupied by the Red Army on March 7, 1945 . After the end of the war, the place was placed under Polish administration together with the whole of Western Pomerania . The German residents were expelled . Sellen was renamed Zielnowo . In the period from the invasion of the Soviet troops to the expulsion of the Germans, 25 people were killed in Sellen.
Today Zielno has about 70 inhabitants.
Others
Zielnowo was the place of residence of the Polish ex-deputy prime minister and agriculture minister, founder and chairman of the Samoobrona , Andrzej Lepper . He lived there with his wife and three children.
literature
- The district of Schlawe - A Pomeranian home book (M. Vollack, ed.), Volume 2: The cities and rural communities , Husum 1986, especially pp. 1193–1195.
- Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann (Ed.): Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania : Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 830–832, No. 5.
Footnotes
- ↑ a b Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann (Ed.): Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania : Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 830-832, No. 5.
- ↑ Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The community of Sellen in the former district of Schlawe in Pomerania (2011).
- ↑ Erich Schmidt: Sellen . In: M. Vollack (ed.): The Schlawe district - A Pomeranian home book. Volume 2: The cities and rural communities. Husum 1986, pp. 1193-1195.