District of Schlawe i. Pom.

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The district of Schlawe , until 1939 the district of Schlawe , was a Prussian district in Western Pomerania until 1945 . Its district capital was the city of Schlawe . The former district area is now largely in the Powiats Koszaliński (Köslin) and Sławieński (Schlawe) in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship .

history

The Schlawe-Pollnow district in the 18th century
The district area 1905

In Western Pomerania, which had belonged to Brandenburg-Prussia since 1648 , a district reform was carried out in 1724. The number of counties and associated district administrators was noticeably reduced in order to lessen the strong territorial fragmentation that had arisen as a result of the complicated aristocratic estates in Western Pomerania. The already existing district of Schlawe was merged with the Pollnowschen district into one district with effect from January 1, 1725, which in the following period was usually called the Schlawe-Pollnower district . The Pollnowsche Kreis consisted of the possessions of the Pollnower branch of Glasenapps and included the town of Pollnow and its surroundings. The combined district included the cities of Pollnow , Rügenwalde , Schlawe and Zanow , the royal office of Rügenwalde and a large number of noble villages and estates . The district bordered the Baltic Sea in the north, the Stolp district in the east, the Rummelsburg district in the south and the Fürstenthum Cammin district in the west .

As a result of the Prussian provincial authorities ordinance of April 30, 1815, the district became part of the Köslin government district in the Pomerania province . During the Pomeranian district reform of 1818, the demarcation of the district, which was now only referred to as the Schlawe district , was not changed.

Since July 1, 1867, the Schlawe district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . In 1871, four towns, 138 rural communities and 100 manor districts belonged to the Schlawe district .

On August 10, 1876, the following changes to the county boundaries took place in order to abolish several enclaves:

  • The rural communities of Dünnow , Lindow , Muddel and Saleske as well as the manor districts of Dünnow, Lindow, Muddel and Saleske were reclassified from the district of Schlawe to the district of Stolp .
  • The rural communities of Görshagen , Marsow , Schlackow and Vietzke and the estate districts of Görshagen, Marsow, Schlackow and Vietzke were reclassified from the Stolp district to the Schlawe district.
  • The rural community of Jannewitz and the manor district of Jannewitz were reclassified from the Rummelsburg district to the Schlawe district.

On March 28, 1878, the rural communities Beßwitz , Varzin , Wendisch Puddiger and Wussow as well as the manor districts Beßwitz, Misdow B., Techlipp , Varzin and Wendisch Puddiger from the Schlawe district to the Rummelsburg district.

On September 30, 1929, as in the rest of the Free State of Prussia, a regional reform took place in the district of Schlawe, in which almost all independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. At that time the name Schlawe i. Pom. common.

In the spring of 1945 the area of ​​the district of Schlawe i. Pom. occupied by the Red Army . After the war ended, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying forces in the summer of 1945 . In the following years the German population from the district sold .

Population development

year Residents source
1797 32,409
1816 36,279
1846 63,042
1871 77.504
1890 73.234
1900 73.206
1910 74,232
1925 78,478
1933 77,593
1939 77,520

politics

District administrators

District administrators of the Schlawe district were:

1 In the combined districts of Western Pomerania, various district administrators temporarily held office for the respective old districts in the 18th century.

Local constitution

The district of Schlawe i. Pom. was divided into the cities of Pollnow, Rügenwalde, Schlawe and Zanow, into rural communities and - until their almost complete dissolution in 1929 - into independent manor districts. With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . A new district constitution was no longer created; the district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

Districts, cities and municipalities

Districts

The rural parishes of the district were divided into 34 administrative districts in the 1930s . The cities of the district were free of office.

cities and communes

At the end of its existence in 1945, the district of Schlawe comprised four cities, 136 other municipalities and two community-free manor districts:

Dissolved communities

  • Alt Ristow and New Ristow , 1928 the community Ristow together
  • Peest A and B Peest, 1928 to the municipality Peest together
  • Rügenwaldermünde , on January 1, 1936 to the city of Rügenwalde
  • Sydow Sydow A and B, in 1913 the community Sydow together

Name changes

The place names Wendisch Buckow and Wendisch Tychow were replaced in 1937 by Buckow (Pom.) And Tychow . Bartlin parish was renamed Nemitz in 1938 .

Development of the railway network

Since 1870, the Schlawe district was crossed by the Köslin - Schlawe - Stolp line of the Berlin-Stettin Railway Company > 111.0 <. The connection Zollbrück - Rügenwalde of the state Prussian Eastern Railway crossed this line from 1878 in Schlawe> 111.q <. In addition, the Zollbrück - Stolp branch line grazed the east of the 111.u district.

The Prussian State Railroad and the Deutsche Reichsbahn added the following routes to this network:

  • 1903: Bublitz - Pollnow> 111.m <
  • 1911: Schlawe - Stolpmünde> 111.p <
  • 1921: Pollnow - Zollbrück> 111.m <

Like many other Pomeranian districts, the Schlawe district also built the railway itself. In 1897 he put a narrow-gauge line of the Schlawer Bahnen to the town of Pollnow into operation from the district town and in 1898 led it further south via Sydow to Breitenberg> 113.x <, on the other hand branching from Jatzingen to Natzlaff, where the Köslin-Bublitz, Belgarder Kleinbahn AG the line to Köslin ran through> 113.u <. The main line Schlawe - Pollnow was converted to standard gauge in 1934 and completely re-routed near the district town. (The numbers in> <correspond to the German course book from 1939.)

literature

Web links

Commons : District of Schlawe i. Pom.  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Authority organization and general state administration. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 4 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1908, new division and reduction of the rear Pomeranian circles 1723/24 , p. 171 ( digitized version ).
  2. ^ Johann Ernst Fabri: Geography for all estates . Schwickertscher Verlag, Leipzig 1793, chap. Prussian Western Pomerania, p. 574 ( digitized version ).
  3. ^ Fritz Curschmann, Ernst Rubow: Pomeranian district map sheet 2 . The Pomeranian circles before and after 1818. In: Landesgeschichtliche Forschungsstelle der Provinz Pommern (Hrsg.): Historischer Atlas von Pommern . 1935 ( digitized ).
  4. ↑ Earth description of the Prussian monarchy (F. Leonardi, ed.), Halle 1794, pp. 871–887.
  5. ^ Berthold Schulze: The reform of the administrative districts in Brandenburg and Pomerania 1809-1818, page 94 . with the support of the Historical Commission for the Province of Pomerania. In: Individual writings of the historical commission for the province of Brandenburg . Gsellius, Berlin 1931 ( digitized version ).
  6. ↑ R. v. Restorff: Topographical description of the province of Pomerania . Nicolai, Berlin / Stettin 1827, pp. 251-266, pp. 251-266.
  7. ↑ The Schlawe district - A Pommersches Heimatbuch (M. Vollack, ed.). Volume 1: The circle as a whole , Husum 1986, ISBN 3-88042-239-7 . Volume 2: The cities and rural communities , Husum 1989, ISBN 3-88042-337-7 .
  8. ↑ a b The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Pomerania and their population in 1871
  9. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 44 ( digitized version ).
  10. ^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819, The administrative district Cöslin, p. 233 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
  11. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. S. 316 ( digitized ).
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Schlawe district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  13. ^ Manfred Vollack: The administration of the district. In: Manfred Vollack (Ed.): The district of Schlawe - A Pomeranian home book volume 1. The district as a whole . Husum 1986, ISBN 3-88042-239-7 , p. 244.
  14. ↑ according to Acta Borussica , Volume 6 / II until 1875 in office.
  15. ^ Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
  16. ^ Information system Pomerania: District of Schlawe