Sianów
| Sianów | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | West Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Koszalin | ||
| Area : | 15.93 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 14 ' N , 16 ° 18' E | ||
| Height : | 7 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 6621 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 76-004 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 94 | ||
| License plate : | ZKO | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 6 Kołbaskowo ↔ Pruszcz Gdański | ||
| Rail route : | PKP No. 202: Stargard - Gdynia , train station: Skibno | ||
| Next international airport : | Szczecin-Goleniów | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 39 localities | ||
| 24 school offices | |||
| Surface: | 226.78 km² | ||
| Residents: | 13,806 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 61 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3209073 | ||
| Administration (as of 2008) | |||
| Mayor : | Maciej Berlicki | ||
| Address: | ul.Armii Polskiej 30 76-004 Sianów |
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| Website : | www.sianow.pl | ||
Sianów [ ˈɕanuf ] ( German Zanow ) is a small town with a town and country municipality in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship , Powiat Koszaliński ( Powiat Köslin ), with about 6,500 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The village is located in Western Pomerania in the valley of the Pollnitz and Nestbach and on the eastern slope of the Gollenberg , about ten kilometers northeast of Köslin ( Koszalin ).
City of Sianów ( Zanow )
history
The town of Sanow and Tzanow is mentioned in the oldest documents in which their privileges were recorded .
A document from 1311 shows that the town of Sanowe was owned by the Swenzo castellan family . Their descendant Peter von Pollnow gave Zanow the town charter in 1343 . In 1357 the city was sold to the Bishop of Cammin . After that, the ownership situation became unclear, because in 1372 Zanow was listed under the possessions of the Pomeranian dukes, while in 1400 it was mentioned that it belonged to the Bailiwick of Rügenwalde . In 1436 Pomeranian Duke Bogislaw IX acquired. the city and established a hunting lodge there. One of his successors, Duke Bogislaw X. , was imprisoned in the castle in 1480 when Köslin merchants attacked Zanow. In 1483 Bogislaw X. Zanow and the castle were sold to Jürgen Kleist. After the introduction of the Reformation in Pomerania, a secular school was opened in Zanow in 1560.
During the Napoleonic Wars , Zanow was conquered by a Polish regiment allied with the French. The high occupation costs ruined the city for many years. From 1815 Zanow belonged to Prussia and was incorporated into the Schlawe district. After completion of the road Szczecin - Gdansk of Commerce August Kolbe in 1848, built on the site of the ruined castle, a match factory, which developed after the connection to the railway line Szczecin-Stolp in 1869 to a large company with business connection to China and Japan. The economic success was reflected in brisk construction activity in the city. It widened along the arterial roads and numerous modern residential buildings were built in the city center. In 1879 a new town hall was inaugurated on the market.
Between the two world wars, Zanow had developed into an important industrial center in the Schlawe district .
Around 1930 the city of Zanow had an area of 15.5 km², and in the city area there were a total of 756 houses in four different places of residence:
- Augustenhöhe
- Feldmark
- City forest house
- Zanow
In 1925, Zanow had 2,655 inhabitants, including 21 Catholics and 15 Jews, who were distributed among 756 households.
Numerous forced laborers came to the city during the Second World War . At the end of 1944, Zanow was a transit station for the streams of refugees, mainly from East Prussia and West Prussia . Before the end of the war, Zanow was captured and occupied by the Red Army on March 1, 1945 . A number of buildings were destroyed in the fighting. An evacuation of the population was planned, but could no longer be carried out due to the rapid advance of the Soviet army . About one hundred citizens of Zanow were able to flee westwards along the Baltic Sea beach via Kolberg and Cammin on March 1st and on the night of March 1st and 2nd . About 43 civilians were killed during the first two days of March and about 40 Zanowers were abducted within the two weeks that followed. A Soviet command post was established, which existed until around September 1945. The match factory was dismantled and transported to the Soviet Union.
When all of Western Pomerania was placed under Polish administration at the end of the war , an additional Polish administration office was set up in June 1945. The Poles introduced the place name Sianów for Zanow . The immigration from Poland began. The local population was evicted from the city in a series of deportation campaigns that took place in October, November and December 1945, March, May, June, August, November and December 1946, and January, February and July 1947 . The transport took place via an interim storage facility in Köslin . From there, the deported were brought in cattle wagons to two camps in Szczecin , where they were again robbed by the Poles before being transported west.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1740 | 450 | |
| 1782 | 589 | including 16 Jews |
| 1791 | 707 | including 16 Jews |
| 1794 | 721 | including 16 Jews |
| 1812 | 780 | including four Catholics and 22 Jews |
| 1816 | 640 | including three Catholics and 14 Jews |
| 1831 | 1,146 | including six Catholics and 17 Jews |
| 1843 | 1,522 | including five Catholics and 23 Jews |
| 1852 | 1,848 | including five Catholics and 57 Jews |
| 1861 | 2.134 | including 21 Catholics and 47 Jews |
| 1871 | 2,200 | thereof 2,118 Evangelicals, 29 Catholics and 53 Jews |
| 1875 | 2,323 | |
| 1880 | 2,715 | |
| 1909 | 2,795 | including 40 Catholics and 24 Jews |
| 1925 | 2,599 | including 21 Catholics and 15 Jews |
| 1933 | 2,978 | mostly evangelicals |
| 1939 | 3,055 |
Partner municipality
In 2001 Sianów signed a partnership agreement with the Schleswig-Holstein community of Wöhrden .
traffic
The national road 6 (ehem. Reichsstraße 2 ) connects the village with the neighboring cities Koszalin (Koszalin) (6 km west) and Slupsk (Stolp) (70 km east). Both cities can be reached by train from Schübben-Zanow ( Skibno ) station, which is on the Stargard Szczeciński – Gdańsk railway line.
Gmina Sianów
General
With a population of around 13,000 people, Gmina Sianów ranks 29th out of 114 municipalities in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. With its area of 226.78 km² it makes up 13.6% of the area of the Powiat Koszalin and is in 44th place of the municipalities in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Community structure
In addition to the city of Sianów, the city and rural municipality of Sianów includes 24 school departments :
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In addition, the municipality includes other villages that do not have the status of a Schulzenamt and are assigned to the above Schulzenämmen.
Personalities
- Richard Klein (1888–1932), politician
- Martin Holzfuß (1925–2012), German major general and politician (FDP)
literature
- Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1865, pp. 561–564 ( full text )
- Herbert Zielke, right behind the Gollen. The city of Zanow and the neighboring communities. Ostpommersches Heimatbuch , Husum Verlag, Husum 1994, vol. 3.1 ISBN 978-3-88042-683-2 , vol. 3.2 ISBN 978-3-88042-695-5 .
- Herbert Zielke: From Zanow's story . In: Der Kreis Schlawe - Ein Pommersches Heimatbuch (Manfred Vollack, ed.), Volume II: The cities and rural communities , Husum 1989, ISBN 3-88042-337-7 , pp. 780-790.
- Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vorpommern and Hinterpommern . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 841–846 ( full text )
- Johann Ernst Fabri : Geography for all classes . Part I, Volume 4, Leipzig 1793, pp. 578-579 ( full text ).
Web links
- The town of Zanow in the former Schlawe district in Pomerania (Gunthard Stübs and Pommersche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2011)
- City of Zanow (Rolf Jahke, 2014)
- Sianów Official Website (Polish)
- City map of Zanow, drawn in 1942 (PDF; 15.5 MB)
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vorpommern and Hinterpommern . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 841.
- ↑ a b c Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The town of Zanow in the former district of Schlawe in Pomerania , 2011.
- ↑ a b c Zielke, in: Vollack, Volume II, p. 788.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania. Outline of their history, mostly according to documents. A. Bath, Berlin 1865, p. 563.
- ↑ Christian Friedrich Wutstrack : Brief historical, geographical, statistical description of the Prussian duchies of Vor and Hinter Pomerania . Stettin 1793, p. 736.
- ^ Prussian State Statistical Office: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population (VIII. Kreis Schlawe) . Berlin 1873, pp. 132-133, No. 4.
- ↑ a b c d Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Schlawe.html # ew39sclwrzanow. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, sixth edition, twentieth volume, Leipzig and Vienna 1909, p. 851.
- ↑ The Big Brockhaus . 15th edition, Leipzig 1935, Twentieth Volume, Leipzig 1935, p. 546.
Districts: Bielkowo (Beelkow) | Dąbrowa (Damerow) | Gorzebądz (Gohrband) | Grabówko (Neu Martinshagen) | Iwięcino (Eventin) | Karnieszewice (Karnkewitz) | Kędzierzyn (Meyringen) | Kleszcze (Kleist) | Kłos (Kluss) | Maszkowo (Maskow) | Mokre (Mocker) | Osieki (Wusseken) | Ratajki (Ratteick) | Rzepkowo (Repkow) | Sieciemin (Zitzmin) | Sierakowo Sławieńskie (Zirchow) | Skibno (Schübben) | Skwierzynka (Schwerinsthal) | Sowno (Alt Zowen) | Sucha Koszalińska (Breeding) | Szczeglino (Steglin) | Szczeglino Nowe (New Steglin) | Węgorzewo Koszalińskie (Vangerow) | Wierciszewo (Wandhagen)