Polanów

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Polanów
Polanów coat of arms
Polanów (Poland)
Polanów
Polanów
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : West Pomerania
Powiat : Koszalin
Gmina : Polanów
Area : 7.61  km²
Geographic location : 54 ° 6 ′  N , 16 ° 42 ′  E Coordinates: 54 ° 6 ′ 0 ″  N , 16 ° 42 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 69 m npm
Residents : 2917
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code : 76-010
Telephone code : (+48) 94
License plate : ZKO
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 205 Darłowo ↔ Bobolice
Ext. 206 Koszalin ↔ Miastko
Rail route : Railway Piła – Ustka
Railway station: Przytocko
Next international airport : Szczecin-Goleniów
Gmina
Gminatype: Urban and rural municipality
Gmina structure: 82 localities
28 school offices
Surface: 393.08 km²
Residents: 8710
(Jun 30, 2019)
Population density : 22 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 3209063
Administration (as of 2015)
Mayor : Grzegorz Lipski
Address:
ul.Wolności 4 76-010 Polanów
Website : www.polanow.pl



Polnoww southeast of the city of Köslin and south of the city of Schlawe on a map from 1910.
City Church (Protestant until 1945)
Street in the city center

Polanów (German Pollnow , Kashubian Pòlnowò ) is a small town in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship , Powiat Koszaliński ( Köslin district ).

Geographical location

The city is located in Western Pomerania , about 32 kilometers southeast of Köslin ( Koszalin ) on the left bank of the Grabow . The Grabowtal forms a delightful landscape here. Near the city there are two former pagan Slavic pilgrimage sites , in the southwest the Holy Mountain and in the northeast the Varbelow Mountains , also the Twelve Apostles Mountains .

history

In the second half of the 13th century, the first German settlers, mostly from the Mark Brandenburg , came to the easily accessible ford across the Grabow . Wends had already settled there before them, and they stayed apart in their old living quarters even after the German town was founded. It was called Schidlitz by the Germans and remained independent until the end of the 19th century, although the two tribes mixed with each other over time. Pollnow is mentioned for the first time in the document dated July 13, 1307, with which the Brandenburg margraves Otto, Hermann and Waldemar Peter von Neuenburg confirmed the feudal rights to the place and the castle built in the course of the settlement. His son of the same name gave Pollnow town charter in 1312 . The town and castle were transferred to the diocese of Cammin in 1353 and henceforth belonged to the table goods of the diocese. In 1436 Bishop Siegfried Pollnow and the castle pledged to the Pomeranian Duke Bogislaw IX. Both remained ducal property until Duke Erich II gave the Pollnower Land to his Princely Councilor Peter von Glasenapp in 1472 in exchange for six villages in the Rügenwalder Land.

In 1550 the Reformation was introduced in Pollnow . In 1609, a city fire caused severe damage, the catastrophe repeated itself in 1656 and 1736. The city's first town hall was built in 1613. As a result of the Thirty Years' War , Pollnow was occupied by Sweden from 1537 to 1653 , after which the Brandenburg rulers ruled the country. In 1672 Peter von Glasenapp wrote the “Blue Book of Pollnow”, which also served as a historical source for the city in the centuries that followed. In 1773 Colonel Ernst von Wrangel took ownership of the town, which the family held until 1806.

When Prussia rearranged its district division after the Wars of Liberation in 1815, Pollnow was incorporated into the Pomeranian district of Schlawe ; since 1816 this belonged to the administrative district of Köslin . In 1819 the castle was purchased by Pollnow's citizens. In 1848 they inaugurated their new town hall and in 1852 a new church building was added to the old church tower. Pollnow was connected to the railway network relatively late, and in 1898 only to the Schlawer Kleinbahn. In 1903, when the line to Bublitz was opened, it was connected to the standard gauge network. Because of the poor transport connections, hardly any industry developed in Pollnow, only the branch of a Berlin textile factory was established there. In 1908 a power station went into operation nearby in Beßwitz.

Until 1945 Pollnow belonged to the district of Schlawe in the administrative district of Köslin in the Prussian province of Pomerania .

Towards the end of the Second World War , in mid-February 1945, the city was the only one in the Koslin administrative region to experience a bombing raid in which Soviet planes dropped around 30 bombs. Some houses were damaged by the bombing. Two German companies fended off the Soviet troops on the ground, but had to evacuate the city on February 27, 1945. The civilian population had been evacuated the day before. Numerous houses and the church suffered severe damage from the Soviet artillery. After the city was captured by the Red Army , the center was set on fire by Soviet soldiers and largely destroyed as a result.

Soon after the occupation by the Red Army, Pollnow was placed under Polish administration along with the whole of Western Pomerania . The German city of Pollnow received the Polish place name Polanów . In the period that followed, the returned residents were expelled .

Population development

year Number of
inhabitants 		Remarks
1740 426
1782 647 including 13 Jews
1791 727 including 13 Jews
1794 740 including 13 Jews
1812 900 including one Catholic and 30 Jews
1816 913 including a Catholic and 40 Jews
1831 1133 including two Catholics and 50 Jews
1843 1444 including no Catholic and 68 Jews
1852 1792 including four Catholics and 71 Jews
1861 2163 including ten Catholics and 97 Jews
1875 2460
1880 2538
1925 3472 including 3,273 Evangelicals, 88 Catholics and 37 Jews
1933 3681
1939 3631
2014 3017

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Honorary citizen

  • Wolfgang Zenkert, Mayor of the City of Gedern (2004)
  • Martin Krause (1922–2012), Forest Director (2008)
  • Ludwig Schick (* 1949), Archbishop of Bamberg (2010)
  • Wolfgang Kunert (* 1954), Chairman of the Gedern-Polanów Sibling Association in Gedern (2012)

Partnerships

There are partnership relationships with the Hessian town of Gedern and with the community of Rothenklempenow in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

traffic

The provincial roads DW 206 Koszalin - Miastko ( Rummelsburg ) and DW 205 Sławno ( Schlawe ) - Bobolice ( Bublitz ) cross in the village .

Until 1945 there was a railway connection to three railway lines for Pollnow: the Gramenz – Zollbrück ( Grzmiaca - Korzybie ) and the small railway lines of the Schlawer Bahnen from Schlawe (Sławno) to Sydow (Żydowo) and the Köslin – Belgarder Bahnen via Natzlaff (Nacław) to Köslin (Koszalin).

Gmina Polanów

General

The urban and rural municipality of Polanów, whose seat is the city of Polanów, ranks sixth in terms of area of ​​the 114 municipalities in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. With its 393.08 km² it also "occupies" 23.6% of the total area of ​​the Powiat Koszaliński .

It ranks 38th in the voivodeship in terms of 9,230 inhabitants.

The municipality is traversed from south to north by the Grabowa ( Grabow ) river , which gives the landscape a very tranquil picture.

Neighboring municipalities of Gmina Polanów are:

Community structure

The urban and rural municipality of Polanów comprises over 82 villages, which are grouped into the following 28 districts ( sołectwo ) :

This also includes the localities and settlements:

Bagnica ( Pagelsland ) Bartlewo , Chocimino Leśne, Chróstowo ( Twelberg ) Chrustowo ( Friedrichslust ) Czarnowiec ( fir wood ), Czyżewo ( Pfingstberg ) Dalimierz ( Johannishof ) Doły, Dzikowo, Gilewo ( Wilhelmshof ) Głusza ( bear camp ) Gosław ( Arnsberg ), Gostkowo ( Wilkenhof ), Jaromierz Polanowski ( Ludwigshof ), Jeżewo, Kania, Karsina ( Karzin, Kr.Köslin ), Kierzkowo ( Grünheide ), Knieja, Komorowo ( Kummerow, Kr. Schlawe ), Kopaniec ( Althütte ), Kocierniczka .ścierniczka ( New Kösternitz ) Kwiecko, Lipki ( Klein Linde ) Liszkowo, Łąkie ( courtyard ), Łokwica ( Hildegard height ), Małomierz ( Luisenhof ) Mirotki, Mlyniska, Nadbór ( Nadebahr ) Osetno, Piaskowo ( Seekaten ) Pieczyska ( Vorhütte ) , Pokrzywno, Pulawy ( New America ), Przybrodzie, Pyszki ( Elsenthal ), Racibórz Polanowski ( Heinrichshorst ) Racław ( Ratzlaffenkamp ) Rzeczyca Mała ( small Reetz ) Samostrzel ( Neuhof ), Smugi ( Thalhof ) Stare Wiatrowo ( Old Kleehof ) , Stołpie ( Kuhstolp ), Strzeżewo ( Karlshof ), Szczerbin ( Karlshof ), Trzebaw ( Hasselhof ), Zagaje ( Schonungshof ), Zdzieszewo, Żdżar ( Sohrhof ).

In the municipality is also the fulling mill .

traffic

Streets

Three provincial roads (DW) run through the municipality, two of which cross in the city of Polanów:

rails

Polanów has not had a direct rail connection since 1945. It is ten kilometers to the next train station Przytocko ( Pritzig ) on the Piła – Ustka ( Schneidemühl - Stolpmünde ) line.

Before 1945 three railway lines met in the area of ​​today's Gmina Polanów, all of which were shut down after the war and largely dismantled:

Infrastructure

  • Transmitter for broadcasting FM radio and television programs in Gołogóra . Two guyed steel framework masts, which are 271 and 115 meters high, are used as antenna supports.

literature

  • Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vor and Hinter Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2: Description of the court district of the Royal. State colleges in Cößlin belonging to the Eastern Pomeranian districts . Stettin 1784, pp. 846-850.
  • Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - an outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1865, pp. 304-307 ( full text ).
  • Franz Heiseler: From the story of Pollnow . In: Manfred Vollack (Ed.): The Schlawe district - A Pomeranian home book. Volume 2, The Cities and Rural Communities. Husum 1989, ISBN 3-88042-337-7 , pp. 673-682.

Web links

Commons : Polanów  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ^ Website of the city (BIP), Władze Gminy ( Memento of the original from February 21, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed February 21, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bip.polanow.pl
  3. ^ A b c d e f g h i Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1865, p. 306 .
  4. ↑ Christian Friedrich Wutstrack (Ed.): Brief historical-geographical-statistical description of the royal Prussian duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Stettin 1793, overview table on p. 736.
  5. ↑ a b c d Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Schlawe.html # ew39sclwpollno. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ http://stadt.pollnow.kreis-schlawe.de/
  7. ^ The Pomeranian Newspaper. No. 47/2012, p. 8.
  8. ^ The Pomeranian Newspaper. No. 39/2010, p. 8.
  9. ↑ Kreis-Anzeiger for Wetterau and Vogelsberg: Wolfgang Kunert honorary citizen of the twin town - Ceremonial highlight of the visit of the friends from Polanów . In: Andrea Henke (Ed.): Local . Gedern June 12, 2012 ( Kreis-anzeiger.de [accessed March 2, 2017]).