Redęcin
| Redęcin | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Slupsk | ||
| Gmina : | Slupsk | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 27 ' N , 16 ° 53' E | ||
| Residents : | 217 | ||
| Postal code : | 76-206 Slupsk | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 59 | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Możdżanowo - Swołowo - Reblino / DK6 | ||
| Rail route : |
PKP line 202: Stargard in Pomerania – Danzig Railway station: Sycewice |
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| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Redęcin (German name Reddentin ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the rural municipality of Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the Słupsk district .
Geographical location
Redęcin is located 12 kilometers west of Słupsk and 17 kilometers east of Sławno ( Schlawe ) in Western Pomerania . The small village can be reached via a side road that branches off south of Zębowo ( Symbow ) from Landesstraße 6 (former German Reichsstraße 2 , today also Europastraße 28 Danzig - Stettin ) to the north. The train station is Sycewice ( Zitzewitz ), eight kilometers to the south, on the state railway line No. 202 Danzig - Stargard (Pomerania) .
The terrain is flat and reaches 47 to 53 meters above sea level. In the north it falls slightly to the meadow valley of the Moszczeniczka ( Motz ), a tributary of the Wieprza ( Wipper ). The former so-called Mühlbach flows through the village .
Neighboring municipalities of Redęcin are: in the west Sycewice ( Zitzewitz ) and Gać ( Gatz ), in the north Swołowo ( Schwolow ) and Bruskowo Małe ( Klein Brüskow ), in the east Bierkowo ( Birkow ), Słupsk ( Stolp ) and Bolesławice ( Ulrichsfelde ) and in the south Reblino ( Reblin ).
history
Reddentin was first mentioned in a document in 1297. At that time the place was owned by a knight Virchewitz , who probably laid out the street village and occupied it with German settlers. This Virchewitz is probably the progenitor of the von Woyen family , because in 1337 he signed a deed of land sale as a witness with Woyen de Redentin .
1479 - and probably sooner - Reddentin was owned by the noble family Below , then later between 1600 and 1680. 1784 then united Martin von Below on Pennekow goods Pennekow, Gatz , Symbow , Medenick and, indeed, Reddentin in his hand.
In 1822/23 the landlord and peasant relations were regulated in Reddentin, Symbow and Medenick . Farmers who had previously been obliged to serve the landlord became private owners of the farms they managed, and the associated agricultural areas were re-measured and allocated. In Reddentin there was at that time six farmers and two Kossäten . The Reddentin estate, the manor house of which was rebuilt at the time, remained the property of the von Below family until 1945 . The last landowner on Reddentin was Gerd von Below .
In 1818 there were 166 inhabitants in Reddentin. Their number rose to 242 by 1871 and even 465 in 1939.
On March 7, 1945, the Red Army advanced to Reddentin. The residents tried to flee, but failed. The following day, Russian troops occupied the city, and the inhabitants began a long and cruel march to Graudenz (Grudziądz). The property was confiscated and remained a Russian military asset until 1947. In 1945 the village, like the rest of the Pomerania region, was placed under Polish administration. Then the immigration of Poles and the displacement of the population began. The farm workforce remained German until 1955/56, when the last German farm workers left the place, which is now called Redęcin and is part of Gmina Słupsk in the Powiat Słupski of the Pomeranian Voivodeship ( Stolp Voivodeship until 1998 ). Today 217 people live here.
Local division until 1945
Before 1945, the Reddentin municipality had four villages or residential areas:
- Fichtkaten (Polish: Dzięcióły), the forestry department in the Symbower Forests belonging to the estate ,
- Medenick (Miednik), Gutsvorwerk, 2 kilometers northeast of Reddentin
- Reddentiner Mühle , 1 kilometer north of the village, former von Below Sche lease mill,
- Symbow (Zębowo), farming and church village, 1 kilometer south on the road to Reichsstraße 2 .
Mansion
The mansion of Reddentin ("Castle") was built in the 1820s instead of a modest previous building. The client was Gustav von Below, who had received Reddentin from his father Carl Gustav von Below to manage the property and lived here with his wife Ulrike, a née von Puttkamer . The farm buildings were moved away from the manor's square. The mansion consisted of a nine-axis main building and an annex each in the northeast and southwest. The north-eastern extension had to be replaced by a new building in 1913. In 1934 the whole building was completely renovated.
When it was captured by the Red Army in 1945, the mansion was looted, but remained structurally undamaged. In the post-war period it served as a granary and as a country recreation home, as well as a community center for the German village population who remained until 1955. Due to lack of maintenance, the building fell into disrepair from 1965 and was finally blown up in 1973 by the Polish army .
Reddentin district
Until 1945, Reddentin formed with the communities Klein Runow (Runowo Sławieńskie) and Reblin (Reblino) the office Reddentin in the district of Schlawe i. Pom. in the administrative district of Köslin in the Prussian province of Pomerania . Reddentin was also the seat of the registry office . District court area was Stolp .
church
Reddentin as well as Birkow (Bierkowo), Gatz (Gać) and Zitzewitz (Sycewice) - all in the district of Stolp , and Medenick (Miednik) and Reblin (Reblino) - all in the district of Schlawe i. Pom. , was incorporated into the parish of Symbow (Zębowo) since ancient times . It belonged to the church district Stolp-Stadt in the church province of Pomerania of the Protestant church of the Old Prussian Union . In 1940 the parish had a total of 2374 parishioners. The church patronage for Reddentin was incumbent on the manor owner Gerd von Below . The last German clergyman was Pastor Oskar Klopsch .
Before 1945 the inhabitants of Reddentin were almost all Protestant . Since 1945 only a few Evangelicals have lived in Redęcin. They now belong to the parish of the Holy Cross Church in Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
Almost without exception, the population of Redęcin has been Roman Catholic since 1945 . The place is now part of the newly formed parish Sycewice ( Zitzewitz ) in the deanery Słupsk Zachód (Stolp-West) in the diocese of Köslin-Kolberg of the Catholic Church in Poland .
school
The schoolhouse in Reddentin was described as very dilapidated in 1811. In 1895 a brick building was reported as a new building west of Dorfstrasse. In 1932/33 a new and larger building is built in which the children from Symbow are also taught. Before 1945 the school had two classes. The last German teachers were Karl Ems and Karl Heinz Trapp .
Sons and daughters (selection)
- Nikolaus von Below (1648–1707), Prussian major general of the infantry and commandant of the Spandau fortress.
literature
- The Schlawe district. A Pomeranian Heimatbuch , ed. by Manfred Vollack , 2 volumes, Husum, 1988/1989.
- Gerd von Below: The Reddentin manor . In: Manfred Vollack (Ed.): The Schlawe district. A Pomeranian homeland book . Volume 1. Husum Printing and Publishing Company, Husum 1986/1989, ISBN 3-88042-239-7 , pp. 420-423. Reprinted in: Die Pommersche Zeitung . No. 14/2013, p. 8.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ See for example Hermann Theodor Wangemann : Spiritual rain and wrestling on the Baltic Sea beach - A church-historical life picture from the first half of the 19th century. Century . Berlin 1861, pp. 1–4 :