Bierkowo
| Bierkowo | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Slupsk | ||
| Gmina : | Slupsk | ||
| Area : | 13.65 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 29 ' N , 16 ° 56' E | ||
| Height : | 62 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 921 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 59 | ||
| License plate : | GSL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Słupsk - Bruskowo Wielkie - Duninowo (- Ustka ) | ||
| Rail route : |
Stargard in Pomerania - Gdansk train station: Słupsk |
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| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Bierkowo ( German Birkow ) is a village near Słupsk ( Stolp ) in Western Pomerania . Today it belongs to the Gmina Słupsk ( rural community Stolp ) in the powiat Słupski of the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship .
Geographical location
The village is located about six kilometers west of Stolp on the road from Stolp to the village of Groß Brüskow ( Bruskowo Wielkie ), eight kilometers away . The town center is one kilometer south of this country road. The next village is Bruskowo Wielkie. The next train station is in Stolp.
history
The place was originally an alley village . In Prussian times, Birkow was one of 18 royal villages that were under the Stolp office. 1784 Birkow had: a Vorwerk , twelve farmers, two Kossäten , four Büdner , a schoolhouse and a shepherd house with a total of 21 households. The domain worked 2500 acres , one farmer worked 233 acres, and each of the two kosses worked 102 acres. When the Vorwerk Birkow was offered for sale or lease by the Prussian tax authorities in Köslin in the spring of 1828, it comprised over 891 acres. By 1862 the size of the Vorwerk had shrunk to 752 acres. In 1925 there were 131 residential buildings in the village. The community area was 1,265 hectares. In 1939 there were 206 households and 781 inhabitants. Until 1945 the place was, together with the communities United Brüskow (today Polish: bruskowo wielkie) Grünhagen (Wierzbięcin), small Brüskow (bruskowo małe) Schwolow (Swołowo) and Steinwald (Krzemienica) for District United Brüskow in county Stolp in the administrative district of Koszalin the Prussian province of Pomerania . The registry office was also in Groß Brüskow, while the gendarme was in Klein Strellin (Strzelinko). District court district was Stolp .
Towards the end of the Second World War , the residents of Birkow set out on March 7, 1945 to flee from the approaching Red Army . Because of the wintry road conditions, they did not get far and had to turn back. Around 2,500 refugees from East and West Prussia as well as from the surrounding villages had meanwhile arrived in Birkow. On March 8, 1945, Birkow was occupied by Soviet troops without a fight. Soon afterwards Birkow was placed under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland together with the whole of Western Pomerania . They renamed the place in Bierkowo and settled it with the simultaneous expulsion of the previous inhabitants until 1947 completely with Poles . The Heimatsortskartei (HOK) Pomerania identified 316 villagers displaced from Birkow in West Germany and 333 in the GDR .
The village is today a district of Gmina Słupsk in the powiat Słupski of the Pomeranian Voivodeship (until 1998 Stolp Voivodeship ). In 2009 the village had 921 inhabitants.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1818 | 357 | |
| 1864 | 576 | |
| 1867 | 630 | |
| 1871 | 660 | without exception Evangelicals |
| 1910 | 887 | |
| 1925 | 838 | including 836 Evangelicals and one Catholic |
| 1933 | 841 | |
| 1939 | 781 | |
| 2009 | 921 |
church
Before 1945, Birkow was almost without exception Protestant . It belonged with the villages of Gatz (today Gać), Reblin (Reblino), Reddentin (Redęcin), Symbow (Zębowo) and Zitzewitz (Sycewice) to the parish of Symbow in the parish of Stolp-Stadt in the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . In 1940 the parish had a total of 2374 parishioners.
In 1895 an independent parish was established in Birkow, but it remained in association with Symbow. At first the congregation did not have its own church. In 1906 the parish council decided with the consent of the church patron Count Wilhelm von Zitzewitz auf Zitzewitz and Count Paul von Below auf Reddentin (Birkow himself was free of patronage) to build a new church. On April 16 (Easter Sunday) in 1911 it was solemnly commissioned by the Pomeranian general superintendent Johannes Büchsel and the local pastor Reinhold Rathke . Since then, it has been rising from afar on the filled school pond.
Since 1945 the population of Bierkowo has been predominantly Roman Catholic . Today the church, like Swołowo ( Schwolow ), is a branch church of the parish Bruskowo Wielkie ( Groß Brüskow ) in the deanery Ustka ( Stolpmünde ) in the diocese of Köslin-Kolberg of the Catholic Church in Poland . On November 18, 1945, the church was 're-consecrated' and given the name of St. Joseph .
Protestant church members living here today belong to the Kreuzkirche in Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .
school
Before 1945, the Birkow schoolhouse was a stately solid building from the early 19th century. It has often been expanded and rebuilt. Most recently it had two spacious classrooms and two teacher's apartments.
Others
In 1838, when a large stone was excavated on the Birkow field, valuable Sassanid silver coins were found, which were added to the Royal Coin Collection in Berlin.
literature
- Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania: evidence of its German past . Bonn: home districts city of Stolp u. District of Stolp, Lübeck 1989. , p. 398–402 (Description of the place Birkow PDF 1.01 MB)
- Ernst Müller: The Protestant clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present . tape 2 . Szczecin 1912.
- Reinhard Schulz: Birkow district of Stolp in Pomerania. Timeline. The village of Birkow and its history with descriptions of the farm, the ancestors and families, dates, historical documents, experience reports and pictures to remember the former residents, their history, their village. Leipzig 2007
- Ernst Voss: The church was built on the pond. The history of the one hundred year old church in Birkow, Stolp district, and its community. In: The Pommersche Zeitung. Episode 10/11 (March 12, 2011), p. 8
Web links
- The community of Birkow in the former Stolp district (Gunthard Stübs and Pommersche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2011)
- Groß Brüskow District (Rolf Jahke, 2011)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Road map of Hinterpommern: Köslin - Stolp - Danzig , 9th edition, Höfer Verlag, Dietzenbach 2005, ISBN 978-3-931103-14-9 .
- ↑ Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania ( Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann , ed.). Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1764, p. 930, No. 1 .
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government No. 15, Stettin, April 12, 1828, pp. 128–129 .
- ^ Adolf Frantz: State domain goods according to scope, value and income . Jena 1864, p. 22 .
- ^ Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania: testimonies to its German past . Bonn: home districts city of Stolp u. District of Stolp, Lübeck 1989. , pp. 401–402 ( PDF description of the location Birkow )
- ^ Johann Daniel Friedrich Rumpf and Heinrich Friedrich Rumpf: Complete topographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 1, Berlin 1820, p. 93.
- ^ Prussian Ministry of Finance: The results of the property and building tax assessment in the administrative district of Köslin (10th district of Stoplp) . Berlin 1866, p. 2, No. 10.
- ↑ a b Prussian State Statistical Office: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population (X. Kreis Stolpl) . Berlin 1873, pp. 150–151, No. 8.
- ↑ http://www.ulischubert.de/geografie/gem1900/pommern/stolp.htm
- ↑ The community of Birkow in the former Stolp district (Gunthard Stübs and Pommersche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2011)
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. stolp.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Moritz Pinder : The ancient coins . Berlin 1851, p. XXVII .
- ↑ Leopold von Ledebur : About the evidence of trade with the Orient found in the Baltic countries at the time of the Arab world domination . Berlin 1840, p. 58 .
- ↑ Julius Friedländer: The find of Obrzycko , silver coins from the tenth Christian century . Berlin 1844, p. 5 .
- ↑ Baltic Studies . 6th year, issue 1, Stettin 1839, pp. 220–221 .