Kwasowo

Kwasowo
	Kwasowo
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	West Pomerania
Powiat :	Sławno
Gmina :	Sławno
Geographic location :	54 ° 19 '  N , 16 ° 41'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 19 '27 "  N , 16 ° 41' 21"  E
Height :	50 m npm
Residents :	520
Telephone code :	(+48) 59
License plate :	ZSL
Economy and Transport
Street :	DW205 Sławno - Polanów
Next international airport :	Danzig

Kwasowo (German Quatzow ) is a village in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . It belongs to the rural community of Sławno ( Schlawe ) in the powiat Sławieński .

Geographical location

Kwasowo is four kilometers south of the district town Sławno on the voivodeship road 205 , which leads from Sławno via Polanów ( Pollnow ) to Bobolice ( Bublitz ). Until 1945 the place was a train station on the small railway line Schlawe – Pollnow – Sydow of the Schlawer Bahnen .

The average altitude of Kwasowo is 50 meters above sea level. In the south of the village, just behind the boundary of Kosierzewo ( Kusserow ), lies the highest elevation at 82 meters - the formerly known as the cock's crow - in the otherwise flat, undulating ground moraine landscape with a few ponds and swamp holes.

Neighboring towns of Kwasowo are: in the west Bobrowiczki ( (Neu) Bewersdorf ), in the north Sławno , in the northeast Pomiłowo ( Marienthal ), in the east Gwiazdowo ( Quäsdow ), and in the south Kosierzewo ( Kusserow ), Baniewo ( Banow ) and Smardzewo ( Schmarsow ) .

Place name

Earlier forms of the name are Quassow (also as Klein- and Groß Quassow in Mecklenburg) and Quatzau . The name "Quatzow" is derived from the Slavic word quas = sour , wet and means something like sour break . The Polish name agrees with this derivation (kwaśny = sour).

history

Quatzow manor around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

The first mention was told today Kwasowo on 22 November 1273 as the Camminer Bishop Hermann von Gleichen the Order of St. John with Quatzow and some other villages invested . In 1337 the brothers Jasko and Stephanus von Quassow sell fields to the town of Schlawe. The Swenzone Jesko von Schlawe approves the sale and sets the limit from the Spitzen Berge on the Dornbach to the Wipper at the Alten Steg near Warschow. The district boundaries in this area are likely to have been retained until modern times. Later the fief came to the von Massow family , who in 1490 handed over two knightly seats that were built in Quatzow : Quatzow A acquired the von Brünnow family , who held the fief until 1686, Quatzow B received the von Lettow family , later it went to the families von Natzmer , von Ramel and von Podewils .

In 1686, District Administrator Rüdiger Otto von Zitzewitz († 1714) bought both parts and also acquired the deserted village of Reddichow (between Quatzow and Bewersdorf). The Carthusian monastery Marienkron was enfeoffed with Reddichow in 1406 . After its dissolution, the village switched between the von Kamecke , von Krummel and von Ramel families , after which all three fiefs remained in one hand, albeit with changing owners. In the period from around 1786–1790 the manor was owned by August Carl Jacob von der Schulenburg . In 1819, Lieutenant Friedrich Wilhelm von Michaelis finally bought the estate . His family keeps it until 1945. The last landlord is Ernst H. von Michaelis .

In 1818 there were 327 inhabitants in Quatzow, the number of which rose to 498 by 1939. Today 519 people live in Kwasowo.

On March 6, 1945, a long-prepared trek set off from the approaching Red Army troops in the direction of Stolpmünde (since 1945 Ustka in Polish ) It reached Saleske (Zaleskie) and was directed south to Groß Strellin (Strzelino). On March 10, the Quatzowers were overrun by Soviet troops and forced to return and then to work on the estate. Some Quatzowers managed to escape, others had to stay there until 1957.

On October 30th, the Poles took over the administration. Quatzow was named Kwasowo and became part of the Gmina Sławno in the Powiat Sławieński in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship (until 1998 Slupsk Voivodeship ).

Local division until 1945

Before 1945, the Quatzow community had four villages or residential areas:

1. Dybow (Polish: Dybowo), Gutsvorwerk with workers' apartment , two kilometers west of Quatzow, two farmers who were settled there in 1636 after the Reddichow fire,
2. Dybow, forester's house , three kilometers west of Quatzow, seat of the estate forestry until 1930, no longer exists today,
3. Brick factory (formerly Dammhof ), 800 meters before Marienthal , workers' farmstead of the estate, laid out by royal pardons in 1763,
4. Schabernackskathen (Chudoba), two farmsteads on the border with Banow .

Office Quatzow

Until 1945, Quatzow formed the district of Quatzow in the district of Schlawe i with the communities of Kusserow and Marienthal . Pom. in the administrative district of Köslin in the Prussian province of Pomerania .

At the same time, the three communities were connected to the Quatzow registry office and belonged to the Schlawe district court area .

church

Parish church

The Quatzow parish church was built on the Kirchberg in 1732/33 instead of a burned down wooden church . The entrance is in the wooden porch on the west tower. The interior was kept in wood until 1945 and the paint imitated black and gray marble.

On the wooden barrel ceiling was a large painting of the birth of Christ . On the right and left of the pulpit above the altar and next to the picture of Frau von Bieberstein (wife of the builder) - it stood to the left of the altar - there were painted wooden figures of the four evangelists.

The sarcophagi of the patrons and their family members stood under the choirs until 1908.

For over two hundred years the Quatzow Church was a Protestant church. After 1945 it was expropriated in favor of the Catholic Church . When it was inaugurated on May 1, 1948, it was given the name Niepokalanego Serca NMP .

Evangelical parish

Before 1945, only Protestant residents lived in Quatzow. The village of Marienthal (Pomiłowo) was incorporated into the Quatzow parish and in 1940 had a total of 651 parishioners. The church patronage was held by the landowning family, the last patron was Ernst H. von Michaelis .

The Quatzow parish formed the Quatzow parish with the Kusserow parish (Kosierzewo). The parish seat was Quatzow, whose post holder in 1940 had to look after a total of 1051 parishioners. The church patronage on the part of Kusserow was most recently exercised by the landowner Marie Görlitz, née von Below . The two patrons of Quatzow and Kusserow had the same voting rights in the parish.

Today only a few Protestant church members live in Kwasowo. They now belong to the parish of Koszalin ( Köslin ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Pastor until 1945

From the Reformation until 1945, pastors were active in the Quatzow parish:

1. Georg Günther, (1571)
2. Joachim Siefert, 1589–1625
3. Johann Spliet, 1625-1678
4. Martin Zennich, 1680-1716
5. Jakob Mirow, 1716–1739
6. Christian Wetzel, 1740–1762
7. Bernhard Christoph Nemitz, 1763–1775
8. Georg Friedrich Wagner, 1775–1788
9. Joachim Friedrich Valentin Freytag, 1789–1843
10. Karl Heinrich Hennicke, 1844–1887
11. Fritz Hermann Ludwig Otto Müller, 1888–1891
12. August-Martin Cölestin Schmieder, 1891-?
13. (Vacancy)
14. Walter Paul, 1927–1943
15. Werner Schultz, 1943–1945

Catholic parish

Residents living in Kwasowo today mostly belong to the Roman Catholic Church . The church building was given to her after 1945. Kwasowo is still its own parish, but it is only a branch parish of the St. Anthony parish church in Sławno. She belongs to the deanery Sławno in the diocese of Köslin-Kolberg of the Catholic Church in Poland . Pastor Mateusz Krzywicki has been the responsible clergyman since 2005 .

school

The schoolhouse is located directly on Dorfstrasse opposite the former estate. The brick building housed classrooms and a teacher's apartment before 1945 and is still used today for teaching purposes. In 1938 an agricultural vocational school was attached here.

Personalities: sons and daughters of the place

• Adolf von Michaelis (1837–1898), Prussian lieutenant general, most recently in command of Spandau
• Hubert von Michaelis (1858–1925), German manor owner and member of the German Reichstag
• Hermann Radtke (1875–1969), German politician (SPD) and deputy district mayor of Berlin-Neukölln

literature

• Manfred Vollack (Ed.): The Schlawe district. A Pomeranian homeland book . 2 volumes, Husum 1988/1989.
• Ernst Hubert v. Michaelis, Marie Luise Görlitz and Horst Meissner: Quatzow parish, Schlawe district in Pomerania . Wins 1990.
• Ernst Müller: The Protestant clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present . Part 2, Stettin 1912.

Web links

• Material on the Quatzow manor in the Duncker collection of the Central and State Library Berlin (PDF; 240 kB)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Siegfried von Boehn and Ernst H. von Michaelis: Noble families in the district of Schlawe . In: Der Kreis Schlawe - Ein Pommersches Heimatbuch (Manfred Vollack, ed.), Volume 1: The circle as a whole , 2nd edition, ISBN 3-88042-239-7 , Husum 1997, pp. 569-573.
2. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, p. 884, No. 54. and pp. 787-788, No. 11.
3. ↑ L. Quandt : Chronological remarks and corrections to Pomeranian documents . In: Baltic Studies , Volume 10, Stettin 1844, pp. 139–178, especially p. 175.
4. ^ Johann Friedrich Danneil: The gender of the Schulenburg . Volume 2, Salzwedel 1847, p. 585.