Jump to content

Colonial Airlines: Difference between revisions

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Infobox added
Citation bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
4,961,724 edits
Altered pages. Added journal. Removed parameters. Formatted dashes. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Susmuffin | Category:CS1 maint: date format | #UCB_Category 10/62
 
(63 intermediate revisions by 24 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|US scheduled airline (1928-1956) that merged into Eastern}}
⚫
{{Infobox Airline
{{redirect|Canadian Colonial Airways|the Canadian subsidiary|Canadian Colonial Airways (Canada)}}
⚫
{{Infobox airline
| airline = Colonial Airlines
| airline = Colonial Airlines
| image =
| image = File:Colonial Airlines logo.png
| image_size =
| image_size = 150px
| IATA =
| IATA =
| ICAO =
| ICAO =
| callsign =
| callsign =
| founded = {{avyear|YEAR}}
| founded = 6 March 1928 <br>{{nowrap|<small>(as Canadian Colonial Airways)</small>}}
| commenced =
| commenced = {{start date|1928|10|1|df=y}}
| ceased = 1956 - Merger with Eastern Air Lines
| ceased = {{end date|1956|6|1|df=y}} <br> <small> merged into [[Eastern Air Lines]]</small>
| hubs =
| hubs =
| secondary_hubs =
| secondary_hubs =
Line 25: Line 27:
}}
}}


'''Colonial Airlines''' was a United States [[trunk carrier]], a scheduled airline that operated from 1928 to 1956 with bases at [[LaGuardia Airport]] (LGA) in [[New York City]] and at [[Montréal/St-Hubert Airport]] in [[Montreal]], [[Canada]], before merging into [[Eastern Air Lines]].
[[File:Colonial Airlines logo.png|right]]
'''Colonial Airlines''' was a Canadian [[airline]] from the 1940s and 1950s with bases in [[Montreal]] and at [[LaGuardia Airport]] (LGA) in [[New York City]]. It was formerly known as well as '''Canadian Colonial Airways''' and '''Colonial Airways''' before becoming Colonial Airlines.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}}


==History==
⚫
By 1956, Colonial's executive offices were on [[Park Avenue (Manhattan)|Park Avenue]] in [[New York City]] and it was flying [[DC-3]] and [[DC-4]] aircraft in scheduled service, including five daily nonstop DC-4 flights between LGA and Montreal. It also operated a nonstop DC-4 flight departing LGA at 11&nbsp;am [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]] to [[Bermuda]], arriving at [[Kindley Field]] 3:35&nbsp;pm [[Atlantic Standard Time Zone|AST]], with a "full course hot meal" served en route, its timetables advertised.<ref name=Guide>{{cite journal|title=Colonial Airlines |work=[[Official Guide of the Railways]]|publisher=National Railway Publication Co.|location=New York|date=February 1956|volume= 88|number=9|page=p. 56}}</ref> It also offered a DC-3
It was founded as '''Canadian Colonial Airways''' on 6 March 1928 to operate Foreign Air Mail Route No. 1 (FAM-1) from New York to Montreal via [[Albany, New York]]. Services began to Canada on 1 October 1928, in conjunction with [[Canadian Colonial Airways (Canada)|Canadian Colonial Airways, Ltd.]] its 100%-owned Canadian subsidiary. The [[Fairchild FC-2]] was among the aircraft types used.<ref>{{cite book|last=Davies|first=R.E.G.| authorlink = R. E. G. Davies|title=Airlines of the United States since 1914|year=1998|publisher=Paladwr Press|location=McLean, Virginia|isbn=9781888962086|pages=100–101}}</ref>
⚫
[[wikt:puddle jumper|puddle jumper]] flight from LGA making an 11:50 am Monday-Friday [[flag stop]] at Poughkeepsie's [[Dutchess County Airport]] en route to [[Montreal]] and [[Ottawa|Ottawa, Canada]], with intermediate stops at [[Albany, New York]], [[Rutland (city), Vermont|Rutland, Vermont]], and [[Burlington, Vermont]].<ref name=Guide />


Pursuant to the [[Civil Aeronautics Act]] of 1938, the [[Civil Aeronautics Authority]] (CAA) of the United States certificated the US version of the airline as a United States scheduled airline on January 9, 1940.<ref name="cert">{{cite journal|journal=Civil Aeronautics Authority Reports|volume=1|title=Canadian Colonial Airways, Inc.—Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity |date=February 1939 - July 1940 |publisher=Civil Aeronautics Authority|pages=520–524|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b2938502|hdl=2027/uc1.b2938502}}</ref> Thereafter, the [[Civil Aeronautics Board]] (CAB), which succeeded the CAA in 1940, regulated Canadian Colonial Airways as a [[trunk carrier]].
The airline operated until 1956, when it was acquired by [[Eastern Air Lines]]. A few years following the merger, many of the airline's more rural destinations were stopped.


However, the CAB refused a foreign carrier permit for the Canadian subsidiary to operate to the US and directed it to cease flying to the US. The Canadian subsidiary ceased operations on June 30, 1942.<ref name="reject">{{cite journal|journal=Civil Aeronautics Board Reports|volume=3|title=Canadian Colonial Airways, Ltd.—Permit to Foreign Air Carrier|date=August 1941 - December 1942 |publisher=Civil Aeronautics Board|pages=50–65|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b2938504|hdl=2027/uc1.b2938504}}</ref><ref name="mail">{{cite journal|journal=Civil Aeronautics Board Reports|volume=4|title=Colonial Airlines, Inc., Mail Rate|date=December 1942 - June 1944 |publisher=Civil Aeronautics Board|pages=71–89|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b2988894|hdl=2027/uc1.b2988894}}</ref>
⚫
==Former Destinations Served==

After acquisition by a group of investors, the airline was renamed '''Colonial Airlines''' on 30 April 1942.{{sfn|Davies|1998|p=342}}<ref name="mail"/>

;Postwar period
[[Image:Douglas C-54A NC93266 Colonial Als 05.47 edited-2.jpg|thumb|right|[[Douglas DC-4]] of Colonial Airlines, used on routes to Canada and Bermuda]]
The airline was awarded a route from Washington, D.C. to Montreal and [[Ottawa]] on 10 August 1945, followed by routes to Bermuda in May 1946. Scheduled flights to the latter began on 1 August 1947.{{sfn|Davies|1998|p=342}} The shorter routes were operated by [[Douglas DC-3]]s and the longer routes by [[Douglas DC-4]]s.

⚫
By 1956, Colonial's executive offices were on [[Park Avenue (Manhattan)|Park Avenue]] in [[New York City]] and it was flying several routes including five daily nonstop DC-4 flights between LGA and Montreal. It also operated a nonstop DC-4 flight departing LGA at 11&nbsp;am [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]] to [[Bermuda]], arriving at [[Kindley Field]] 3:35&nbsp;pm [[Atlantic Standard Time Zone|AST]], with timetables advertising a "full course hot meal" served en route.<ref name=Guide>{{cite journal|title=Colonial Airlines |journal=[[Official Guide of the Railways]]|publisher=National Railway Publication Co.|location=New York|date=February 1956|volume= 88|number=9|page=56}}</ref> It also offered a DC-3
⚫
[[wikt:puddle jumper|puddle jumper]] flight from LGA making an 11:50 am Monday–Friday [[flag stop]] at Poughkeepsie's [[Dutchess County Airport]] en route to [[Montreal]] and [[Ottawa|Ottawa, Canada]], with intermediate stops at [[Albany, New York]], [[Rutland (city), Vermont|Rutland, Vermont]], and [[Burlington, Vermont]].<ref name=Guide />

==Merger with Eastern Air Lines==
The airline operated for a period of five years during which a fierce competition was fought for its control between [[Eastern Air Lines]] and [[National Airlines (NA)|National Airlines]]. After several reversals of government policy, Eastern Airlines emerged as the acquirer and the operational merger took place on 1 June 1956.{{sfn|Davies|1998|p=343}} A few years following the merger, many of the Colonial's more rural destinations were deleted from Eastern's route network. Eastern was bought by Texas Air Corporation in 1986. In 1991 Eastern Airlines ceased operation and some of its assets were assigned to [[Continental Airlines]]. In 2010 Continental merged with [[United Airlines]].

==Fleet==
At the time of the merger, Colonial had eight [[Douglas DC-3|DC-3]] and five [[Douglas DC-4|DC-4]] aircraft.<ref>{{cite book| first=Robert J.| last=Serling| title=From the Captain to the Colonel| date=1980|chapter=Chapter Nine: The Fifties - Climb and Descent| publisher=Dial Press|location=New York| author-link=Robert J. Serling|isbn=9780803746107}}</ref>

⚫
==Destinations==
{{div col}}
*[[Maryland]]
*[[Maryland]]
**[[Baltimore, Maryland|Baltimore]] (Friendship International Airport, now [[Baltimore/Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport|BWI]])
**[[Baltimore, Maryland|Baltimore]] ([[Friendship International Airport]]) now [[Baltimore/Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport|BWI]]
*[[New York]]
*[[New York (state)|New York]]
**[[Albany, New York|Albany]] ([[Albany International Airport]])
**[[Albany, New York|Albany]] ([[Albany International Airport]])
**[[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]] ([[Buffalo Niagara International Airport]])
**[[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]] ([[Buffalo Niagara International Airport]])
**[[Glens Falls, New York|Glens Falls]] ([[Floyd Bennett Memorial Airport]])*
**[[Glens Falls, New York|Glens Falls]] ([[Floyd Bennett Memorial Airport]])*
**[[Massena (village), New York|Massena]] ([[Massena International Airport]])
**[[Massena (village), New York|Massena]] ([[Massena International Airport]])
**[[Malone (village), New York|Malone]] ([[Malone-Dufort Airport]])
**[[New York, New York|New York]] ([[LaGuardia Airport]])
**[[New York, New York|New York]] ([[LaGuardia Airport]])
**[[Plattsburgh (city), New York|Plattsburgh]] ([[Clinton County Airport]])
**[[Plattsburgh (city), New York|Plattsburgh]] ([[Clinton County Airport]])*
**[[Poughkeepsie (city), New York|Poughkeepsie]] ([[Dutchess County Airport]])*
**[[Poughkeepsie (city), New York|Poughkeepsie]] ([[Dutchess County Airport]])*
**[[Saranac Lake, New York|Saranac Lake]] ([[Adirondack Regional Airport]])
**[[Saranac Lake, New York|Saranac Lake]] ([[Adirondack Regional Airport]])
Line 49: Line 69:
*[[Ontario]], [[Canada]]
*[[Ontario]], [[Canada]]
**[[Toronto]] ([[Toronto Pearson International Airport]])
**[[Toronto]] ([[Toronto Pearson International Airport]])
**[[Ottawa]] ([[Ottawa Macdonald-Cartier International Airport]])
**[[Ottawa]] ([[Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport]])
*[[Pennsylvania]]
*[[Pennsylvania]]
**[[Reading, Pennsylvania|Reading]] ([[Reading Regional Airport]])*
**[[Reading, Pennsylvania|Reading]] ([[Reading Regional Airport]])*
Line 62: Line 82:
*[[Bermuda]]
*[[Bermuda]]
**[[Kindley Field]], now [[Bermuda International Airport]]
**[[Kindley Field]], now [[Bermuda International Airport]]
{{div col end}}


''Those airports marked with an asterisk (*) no longer have scheduled passenger air service.
''Those airports marked with an asterisk (*) no longer have scheduled passenger air service.''

{{inc-transport|date=August 2008}}
== See also ==
* [[List of defunct airlines of the United States]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
<references />

⚫
{{Portal box|New York City|Companies|Aviation}}
==External links==
* [http://www.airtimes.com/cgat/usa/colonial.htm AirTimes.com]
* [http://www.airtimes.com/cgat/usa/colonial.htm AirTimes.com]
* [http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Commercial_Aviation/EasternAirlines/Tran13.htm Eastern Airlines History]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061207020805/http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Commercial_Aviation/EasternAirlines/Tran13.htm Eastern Airlines History]
* [http://www.airtimes.com/cgat/usa/colonial.htm Colonial Airlines Timetables]
* [http://www.airtimes.com/cgat/usa/colonial.htm Colonial Airlines Timetables]

⚫
{{Portal bar|New York City|Companies|Aviation}}
{{Airlines of the United States|state=collapsed}}


[[Category:Eastern Air Lines]]
[[Category:Eastern Air Lines]]
[[Category:Defunct regional airlines of the United States]]
[[Category:Airlines established in 1928]]
[[Category:Airlines disestablished in 1956]]
[[Category:Airlines based in New York (state)]]




{{NorthAm-airline-stub}}
{{US-airline-stub}}

Latest revision as of 01:32, 14 May 2024

"Canadian Colonial Airways" redirects here. For the Canadian subsidiary, see Canadian Colonial Airways (Canada).
Colonial Airlines
Founded6 March 1928
(as Canadian Colonial Airways)
Commenced operations1 October 1928 (1928-10-01)
Ceased operations1 June 1956 (1956-06-01)
merged into Eastern Air Lines

Colonial Airlines was a United States trunk carrier, a scheduled airline that operated from 1928 to 1956 with bases at LaGuardia Airport (LGA) in New York City and at Montréal/St-Hubert Airport in Montreal, Canada, before merging into Eastern Air Lines.

History[edit]

It was founded as Canadian Colonial Airways on 6 March 1928 to operate Foreign Air Mail Route No. 1 (FAM-1) from New York to Montreal via Albany, New York. Services began to Canada on 1 October 1928, in conjunction with Canadian Colonial Airways, Ltd. its 100%-owned Canadian subsidiary. The Fairchild FC-2 was among the aircraft types used.[1]

Pursuant to the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, the Civil Aeronautics Authority (CAA) of the United States certificated the US version of the airline as a United States scheduled airline on January 9, 1940.[2] Thereafter, the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), which succeeded the CAA in 1940, regulated Canadian Colonial Airways as a trunk carrier.

However, the CAB refused a foreign carrier permit for the Canadian subsidiary to operate to the US and directed it to cease flying to the US. The Canadian subsidiary ceased operations on June 30, 1942.[3][4]

After acquisition by a group of investors, the airline was renamed Colonial Airlines on 30 April 1942.[5][4]

Postwar period
Douglas DC-4 of Colonial Airlines, used on routes to Canada and Bermuda

The airline was awarded a route from Washington, D.C. to Montreal and Ottawa on 10 August 1945, followed by routes to Bermuda in May 1946. Scheduled flights to the latter began on 1 August 1947.[5] The shorter routes were operated by Douglas DC-3s and the longer routes by Douglas DC-4s.

By 1956, Colonial's executive offices were on Park Avenue in New York City and it was flying several routes including five daily nonstop DC-4 flights between LGA and Montreal. It also operated a nonstop DC-4 flight departing LGA at 11 am EST to Bermuda, arriving at Kindley Field 3:35 pm AST, with timetables advertising a "full course hot meal" served en route.[6] It also offered a DC-3 puddle jumper flight from LGA making an 11:50 am Monday–Friday flag stop at Poughkeepsie's Dutchess County Airport en route to Montreal and Ottawa, Canada, with intermediate stops at Albany, New York, Rutland, Vermont, and Burlington, Vermont.[6]

Merger with Eastern Air Lines[edit]

The airline operated for a period of five years during which a fierce competition was fought for its control between Eastern Air Lines and National Airlines. After several reversals of government policy, Eastern Airlines emerged as the acquirer and the operational merger took place on 1 June 1956.[7] A few years following the merger, many of the Colonial's more rural destinations were deleted from Eastern's route network. Eastern was bought by Texas Air Corporation in 1986. In 1991 Eastern Airlines ceased operation and some of its assets were assigned to Continental Airlines. In 2010 Continental merged with United Airlines.

Fleet[edit]

At the time of the merger, Colonial had eight DC-3 and five DC-4 aircraft.[8]

Destinations[edit]

Those airports marked with an asterisk (*) no longer have scheduled passenger air service.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Davies, R.E.G. (1998). Airlines of the United States since 1914. McLean, Virginia: Paladwr Press. pp. 100–101. ISBN 9781888962086.
  2. ^ "Canadian Colonial Airways, Inc.—Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity". Civil Aeronautics Authority Reports. 1. Civil Aeronautics Authority: 520–524. February 1939 – July 1940. hdl:2027/uc1.b2938502.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  3. ^ "Canadian Colonial Airways, Ltd.—Permit to Foreign Air Carrier". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 3. Civil Aeronautics Board: 50–65. August 1941 – December 1942. hdl:2027/uc1.b2938504.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  4. ^ a b "Colonial Airlines, Inc., Mail Rate". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 4. Civil Aeronautics Board: 71–89. December 1942 – June 1944. hdl:2027/uc1.b2988894.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  5. ^ a b Davies 1998, p. 342.
  6. ^ a b "Colonial Airlines". Official Guide of the Railways. 88 (9). New York: National Railway Publication Co.: 56 February 1956.
  7. ^ Davies 1998, p. 343.
  8. ^ Serling, Robert J. (1980). "Chapter Nine: The Fifties - Climb and Descent". From the Captain to the Colonel. New York: Dial Press. ISBN 9780803746107.

External links[edit]


Stub icon

This article relating to a United States airline is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colonial_Airlines&oldid=1223741723"