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'''George Marino''' (April 15, 1947 – June 4, 2012) was an American [[mastering engineer]] known for working on albums by rock bands starting in the late 1960s.
'''George Marino''' (April 15, 1947{{snd}}June 4, 2012) was an American [[mastering engineer]] known for working on albums by rock bands starting in the late 1960s.


==Biography==
==Biography==
Marino was born on April 15, 1947, in the New York City borough [[The Bronx]]. He attended [[Christopher Columbus High School (Bronx)|Christopher Columbus High School]] there and learned to play the saxophone and bass fiddle in the high school band and was classically trained on guitar.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Mastering Pros Plan NYC Studio|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GgoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA151|magazine=Billboard|date = September 26, 1998|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> Marino broke into the music business as a guitarist playing rock and roll in local New York City bands such as The Chancellors and The New Sounds Ltd. until most of the band members were drafted into the service for the war in [[Vietnam]].<ref>{{cite web|title=George Marino|url=http://sterling-sound.com/engineers/george-marino/#biography|website=Sterling Sound|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref>
Marino was born on April 15, 1947, in the New York City borough [[The Bronx]]. He attended [[Christopher Columbus High School (Bronx)|Christopher Columbus High School]] there and learned to play the saxophone and bass fiddle in the high school band and was classically trained on guitar.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Mastering Pros Plan NYC Studio|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GgoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA151|magazine=Billboard|date = September 26, 1998|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> Marino broke into the music business as a guitarist playing rock and roll in local New York City bands such as The Chancellors and The New Sounds Ltd. until most of the band members were drafted into the service for the war in [[Vietnam]].<ref>{{cite web|title=George Marino|url=http://sterling-sound.com/engineers/george-marino/#biography|website=Sterling Sound|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref>


In 1967, Marino landed his first job in the industry as a librarian and assistant at [[Capitol Studios]]. Soon after, he apprenticed in the mastering department alongside of Joe Lansky, cutting rock, pop, jazz and classical albums. There, in 1968, he met his future wife, Rose Gross, whom he married in 1973.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Assorted Hits Music Murder Mayhem and the Mob - About the Author|isbn=978-1483685335|website=Amazon|last1=Gross-Marino|first1=Rose|date=November 2013}}</ref> Gross became [[Clive Davis]]' assistant in 1974, a few months before Davis started [[Arista Records]] and she remained Clive Davis' assistant for 26 years.<ref>{{cite news|title=Gatekeepers to the Famous and the Powerful|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/19/nyregion/gatekeepers-to-the-famous-and-the-powerful.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 19, 1991|access-date=June 26, 2015|last1=Brown|first1=Patricia Leigh}}</ref> [[File:The Chancellors (l-r) Bijan Yakuboff, Don Grassini, Ronnie Salvani, Nick DiMinno, George Marino (cropped).jpg|left|thumb|The Chancellors (L-R): Bijan Yakuboff, Don Grassini, Ronnie Salvani, Nick DiMinno, George Marino]][[File:Capitol Studios letter regarding the mastering of 7" 45 RPM single of Hey Jude.jpg|thumb|Capitol Studios letter regarding the mastering of the 7-inch 45 RPM single of "[[Hey Jude]]"]]
In 1967, Marino landed his first job in the industry as a librarian and assistant at [[Capitol Studios]]. Soon after, he apprenticed in the mastering department alongside of Joe Lansky, cutting rock, pop, jazz and classical albums. There, in 1968, he met his future wife, Rose Gross, whom he married in 1973.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Assorted Hits Music Murder Mayhem and the Mob - About the Author|isbn=978-1483685335|website=Amazon|last1=Gross-Marino|first1=Rose|date=November 2013}}</ref> Gross became [[Clive Davis]]' assistant a few months before he started [[Arista Records]] in 1974, and she remained his assistant for 26 years.<ref>{{cite news|title=Gatekeepers to the Famous and the Powerful|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/19/nyregion/gatekeepers-to-the-famous-and-the-powerful.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 19, 1991|access-date=June 26, 2015|last1=Brown|first1=Patricia Leigh}}</ref>
[[File:The Chancellors (l-r) Bijan Yakuboff, Don Grassini, Ronnie Salvani, Nick DiMinno, George Marino (cropped).jpg|left|thumb|The Chancellors (left to right): Bijan Yakuboff, Don Grassini, Ronnie Salvani, Nick DiMinno, George Marino]]
[[File:Capitol Studios letter regarding the mastering of 7" 45 RPM single of Hey Jude.jpg|thumb|Capitol Studios letter regarding the mastering of the 7-inch 45 RPM single of "[[Hey Jude]]"]]


==Professional career==
==Professional career==
During his time at Capitol, Marino mastered such classics as [[The Beatles]]' 7-inch single of "[[Hey Jude]]"<ref>{{cite web|title=Surround Sound|url=http://osdir.com/ml/surroundsound/2012-06/msg00042.html|website=Osdir|access-date=July 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704072147/http://osdir.com/ml/surroundsound/2012-06/msg00042.html|archive-date=July 4, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> and John Lennon & [[Plastic Ono Band]]'s ''[[Live Peace in Toronto 1969]]''. When Capitol Records closed its New York studio in 1971, Marino joined the fledgling [[Record Plant]], eventually becoming a partner in the mastering business of the Record Plant<ref>{{cite web|title=George Marino Legendary Mastering Engineer Dies|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/1094767/george-marino-legendary-mastering-engineer-dies |date=June 5, 2012 |website=billboard.com |access-date=July 11, 2016}}</ref> called the Master Cutting Room, which was on West 44th Street in Manhattan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Master Cutting Room|url=http://www.discogs.com/label/270810-Master-Cutting-Room|publisher=discogs|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> There he became established with projects such as [[Don McLean]]'s ''[[American Pie (Don McLean album)|American Pie]]'',<ref>{{cite magazine|title=SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT S-4 STERLING SOUND CELEBRATING 33 1/3 Years|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MQ0EAAAAMBAJ&q=%22George+Marino%22&pg=RA1-PA42|magazine=Billboard|date = December 14, 2002|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> [[Alice Cooper (band)|Alice Cooper]]'s ''[[Billion Dollar Babies]]'', [[Gregg Allman]]'s ''[[Laid Back]]'', and [[Stevie Wonder]]'s ''[[Talking Book]]'' and ''[[Innervisions]]''.
During his time at Capitol, Marino mastered such classics as [[The Beatles]]' 7-inch single of "[[Hey Jude]]"<ref>{{cite web|title=Surround Sound|url=http://osdir.com/ml/surroundsound/2012-06/msg00042.html|website=Osdir|access-date=July 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704072147/http://osdir.com/ml/surroundsound/2012-06/msg00042.html|archive-date=July 4, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> and John Lennon & [[Plastic Ono Band]]'s ''[[Live Peace in Toronto 1969]]''. When Capitol Records closed its New York studio in 1971, Marino joined the fledgling [[Record Plant]], eventually becoming a partner in the mastering business of the Record Plant<ref>{{cite web|title=George Marino Legendary Mastering Engineer Dies|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/1094767/george-marino-legendary-mastering-engineer-dies |date=June 5, 2012 |website=billboard.com |access-date=July 11, 2016}}</ref> called the Master Cutting Room, which was on West 44th Street in Manhattan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Master Cutting Room|url=http://www.discogs.com/label/270810-Master-Cutting-Room|publisher=discogs|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> There he became established with projects such as [[Don McLean]]'s ''[[American Pie (Don McLean album)|American Pie]]'',<ref>{{cite magazine|title=SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT S-4 STERLING SOUND CELEBRATING 33 1/3 Years|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MQ0EAAAAMBAJ&q=%22George+Marino%22&pg=RA1-PA42|magazine=Billboard|date = December 14, 2002|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> [[Alice Cooper (band)|Alice Cooper]]'s ''[[Billion Dollar Babies]]'', [[Gregg Allman]]'s ''[[Laid Back]]'', and [[Stevie Wonder]]'s ''[[Talking Book]]'' and ''[[Innervisions]]''.


Lee Hulko, one of the owners of Sterling Sound, saw Marino's success and asked him to come work at Sterling, however Marino did not say yes immediately. After [[Chris Stone (entrepreneur)|Chris Stone]], the owner of the Record Plant went to Los Angeles, Marino had more management duties and he felt it distracted him from his mastering work. Eventually, Marino took Hulko up on his offer and he headed to Sterling Sound in 1973 to work in a room that Hulko had built for him.<ref>{{cite web|title=George Marino Legendary Mastering Engineer|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/george-marino-legendary-mastering-engineer-333020|website=Hollywood Reporter|date=June 4, 2012|access-date=July 1, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Billboard Special Supplement: Sterling's Reputation |author= Paul Verna |page=S-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MQ0EAAAAMBAJ|magazine=Billboard|date=December 14, 2012 |access-date=July 6, 2015}}</ref>[[File:George and Rose Marino.jpg|thumb|George and Rose Marino]]
Lee Hulko, one of the owners of Sterling Sound, saw Marino's success and asked him to come work at Sterling, however Marino did not say yes immediately. After [[Chris Stone (entrepreneur)|Chris Stone]], the owner of the Record Plant went to Los Angeles, Marino had more management duties and he felt it distracted him from his mastering work. Eventually, Marino took Hulko up on his offer and he headed to Sterling Sound in 1973 to work in a room that Hulko had built for him.<ref>{{cite web|title=George Marino Legendary Mastering Engineer|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/george-marino-legendary-mastering-engineer-333020|website=Hollywood Reporter|date=June 4, 2012|access-date=July 1, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Billboard Special Supplement: Sterling's Reputation |author= Paul Verna |page=S-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MQ0EAAAAMBAJ|magazine=Billboard|date=December 14, 2012 |access-date=July 6, 2015}}</ref>
[[File:George and Rose Marino.jpg|thumb|George and Rose Marino]]


=== Sterling Sound <span class="anchor" id="Sterling Sound"></span><span class="anchor" id="Sterling Sound Studios"></span><span class="anchor" id="Stirling Sound Studios"></span> ===
===Sterling Sound===
From 1973, until his death in 2012, Marino worked at Sterling Sound. In 1998, [[Ted Jensen]], [[Greg Calbi]] and [[Tom Coyne (music engineer)|Tom Coyne]], along with Murat Aktar (Absolute Audio co-founder) and UK based Metropolis, purchased Sterling from previous owner, Lee Hulko. Marino was the most senior mastering engineer. Sterling Sound<ref>{{cite web|title=The Worlds Top 13 Mastering Studios|url=http://blog.landr.com/the-worlds-top-13-mastering-studios/|website=Landr|date=July 18, 2014|access-date=July 6, 2015}}</ref> is located in New York City, occupying the top floor of the Chelsea Market in the Meatpacking District. Marino's studio is one of the three surround sound studios at Sterling and it was designed by Fran Manzella, FM Design.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mastering|url=http://www.fmdesign.com/2013/mastering/|website=FM Design|access-date=July 6, 2015}}</ref>
From 1973, until his death in 2012, Marino worked at Sterling Sound. In 1998, [[Ted Jensen]], [[Greg Calbi]] and [[Tom Coyne (music engineer)|Tom Coyne]], along with Murat Aktar (Absolute Audio co-founder) and UK based Metropolis, purchased Sterling from previous owner, Lee Hulko. Marino was the most senior mastering engineer. Sterling Sound<ref>{{cite web|title=The Worlds Top 13 Mastering Studios|url=http://blog.landr.com/the-worlds-top-13-mastering-studios/|website=Landr|date=July 18, 2014|access-date=July 6, 2015}}</ref> is located in New York City, occupying the top floor of the Chelsea Market in the Meatpacking District. Marino's studio is one of the three surround sound studios at Sterling and it was designed by Fran Manzella, FM Design.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mastering|url=http://www.fmdesign.com/2013/mastering/|website=FM Design|access-date=July 6, 2015}}</ref>


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Over the course of Marino's nearly 40 years with Sterling, he mastered and/or remastered albums by [[AC/DC]], [[Cat Stevens]], [[Led Zeppelin]], [[Guns N' Roses]], [[Metallica]], [[Dio (band)|DIO]], [[Cheap Trick]], [[Arcade Fire]], [[Whitney Houston]], [[Coldplay]]; [[Cyndi Lauper]]; [[Journey (band)|Journey]]; [[Kiss (band)|Kiss]]; [[Mötley Crüe]]; [[The Cars]]; [[Bon Jovi]]; [[Arctic Monkeys]]; [[Dan Fogelberg]]; [[Iron Maiden]]; [[Fountains of Wayne]]; [[Incubus (band)|Incubus]]; [[Joe Bonamassa]]; [[Jimi Hendrix]]; [[Joe Satriani]]; [[Michael Bublé]]; [[Weezer]]; [[Leonard Cohen]], [[My Morning Jacket]], [[The Tragically Hip]], [[3 Doors Down]], [[Alice Cooper]], [[Billy Squier]], [[Cinderella (band)|Cinderella]], M-Squad, [[Sarah Brightman]], [[The Psychedelic Furs]], [[Tommy James and the Shondells]], [[Bob Dylan]], [[John Mellencamp]], [[Red Hot Chili Peppers]], [[Ringo Starr]], [[Santana (band)|Santana]], [[Josh Groban]], [[Southside Johnny]], [[Willie Nile]], [[Elvis Presley]], [[Fall Out Boy]], [[Ozzy Osbourne]], [[Blondie (band)|Blondie]], [[Hanson (band)|Hanson]], [[Jimmy Page]] and hundreds of others.<ref>{{cite web|title=George Marino|url=http://www.artistdirect.com/artist/credits/george-marino/463381|website=Artist Direct|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref>
Over the course of Marino's nearly 40 years with Sterling, he mastered and/or remastered albums by [[AC/DC]], [[Cat Stevens]], [[Led Zeppelin]], [[Guns N' Roses]], [[Metallica]], [[Dio (band)|DIO]], [[Cheap Trick]], [[Arcade Fire]], [[Whitney Houston]], [[Coldplay]]; [[Cyndi Lauper]]; [[Journey (band)|Journey]]; [[Kiss (band)|Kiss]]; [[Mötley Crüe]]; [[The Cars]]; [[Bon Jovi]]; [[Arctic Monkeys]]; [[Dan Fogelberg]]; [[Iron Maiden]]; [[Fountains of Wayne]]; [[Incubus (band)|Incubus]]; [[Joe Bonamassa]]; [[Jimi Hendrix]]; [[Joe Satriani]]; [[Michael Bublé]]; [[Weezer]]; [[Leonard Cohen]], [[My Morning Jacket]], [[The Tragically Hip]], [[3 Doors Down]], [[Alice Cooper]], [[Billy Squier]], [[Cinderella (band)|Cinderella]], M-Squad, [[Sarah Brightman]], [[The Psychedelic Furs]], [[Tommy James and the Shondells]], [[Bob Dylan]], [[John Mellencamp]], [[Red Hot Chili Peppers]], [[Ringo Starr]], [[Santana (band)|Santana]], [[Josh Groban]], [[Southside Johnny]], [[Willie Nile]], [[Elvis Presley]], [[Fall Out Boy]], [[Ozzy Osbourne]], [[Blondie (band)|Blondie]], [[Hanson (band)|Hanson]], [[Jimmy Page]] and hundreds of others.<ref>{{cite web|title=George Marino|url=http://www.artistdirect.com/artist/credits/george-marino/463381|website=Artist Direct|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref>


⚫
{{cquote|"Very sad to hear this. Prayers to his wife and my dear friend Rose. Rip to a legend and lovely man. U will now make the angels sound better than they ever have." – Diane Warren<ref>{{cite web|title=Weezer and Diane Warren Remember George Marino|url=http://www.contactmusic.com/weezer/news/weezer-and-diane-warren-remember-sound-master-george-marino_1338777|website=[[Contact Music]]|access-date=26 June 2015}}</ref>
⚫
}}
[[File:Marino's early years at Sterling Sound.jpg|left|thumb|upright=0.8|Early years at Sterling Sound]]
[[File:Marino's early years at Sterling Sound.jpg|left|thumb|upright=0.8|Early years at Sterling Sound]]
Marino mastered many of [[John Lennon]]'s and [[Yoko Ono]]'s albums, one of them being ''[[Double Fantasy]]'' with producer [[Jack Douglas (record producer)|Jack Douglas]]. ''Double Fantasy'' had been out a few weeks when Douglas and Lennon decided to have a song they had just finished, Yoko Ono's "[[Walking on Thin Ice]]", mastered with Marino at Sterling Sound for a single release. On the evening of December 8, 1980, after finishing up a session at the Record Plant, Douglas said to Lennon "See you in the morning" as they planned to have breakfast together at 9am before heading to Sterling, but John Lennon was gunned down 20 minutes later on his way back to the Dakota.<ref>{{cite web|title=Producer Jack Douglas on John Lennon|url=http://www.citypages.com/music/producer-jack-douglas-on-john-lennon-he-was-tired-of-being-the-fat-beatle-6635727|website=City Pages|access-date=July 6, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=The Last Session|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/the-last-session-19810122|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 22, 1981|access-date=July 6, 2015}}</ref>
Marino mastered many of [[John Lennon]]'s and [[Yoko Ono]]'s albums, one of them being ''[[Double Fantasy]]'' with producer [[Jack Douglas (record producer)|Jack Douglas]]. ''Double Fantasy'' had been out a few weeks when Douglas and Lennon decided to have a song they had just finished, Yoko Ono's "[[Walking on Thin Ice]]", mastered with Marino at Sterling Sound for a single release. On the evening of December 8, 1980, after finishing up a session at the Record Plant, Douglas said to Lennon "See you in the morning" as they planned to have breakfast together at 9am before heading to Sterling, but John Lennon was gunned down 20 minutes later on his way back to the Dakota.<ref>{{cite web|title=Producer Jack Douglas on John Lennon|url=http://www.citypages.com/music/producer-jack-douglas-on-john-lennon-he-was-tired-of-being-the-fat-beatle-6635727|website=City Pages|access-date=July 6, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=The Last Session|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/the-last-session-19810122|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 22, 1981|access-date=July 6, 2015}}</ref>
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Marino received his first and only [[Grammy]] for [[Arcade Fire]]'s ''[[The Suburbs (album)|The Suburbs]]'', the year before he died. In 2002, mastering engineers became eligible to win Grammys.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Recording Academy Announces Board of Trustees Meeting Results|url=https://www.grammy.com/news/the-recording-academy-announces-board-of-trustees-meeting-results|publisher=[[National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]]|access-date=June 27, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Engineers|url=http://www2.grammy.com/PDFs/Recording_Academy/Producers_And_Engineers/Engineer_Definitions.pdf|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> From 1969 to 2012, Marino mastered albums which under current rules, would have won him an additional seven Grammys in the categories of Record of the Year, Album of the Year and Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical: three for [[Album of the Year (Grammy)|Album of the Year]] winners ''Innervisions'', ''Double Fantasy'' and ''The Bodyguard'', two [[Record of the Year]] Grammys for "I Will Always Love You" and "Clocks", and two more for [[Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical|Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical]] for his mastering of ''Innervisions'' and ''[[Chicago 17]]''.
Marino received his first and only [[Grammy]] for [[Arcade Fire]]'s ''[[The Suburbs (album)|The Suburbs]]'', the year before he died. In 2002, mastering engineers became eligible to win Grammys.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Recording Academy Announces Board of Trustees Meeting Results|url=https://www.grammy.com/news/the-recording-academy-announces-board-of-trustees-meeting-results|publisher=[[National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]]|access-date=June 27, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Engineers|url=http://www2.grammy.com/PDFs/Recording_Academy/Producers_And_Engineers/Engineer_Definitions.pdf|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref> From 1969 to 2012, Marino mastered albums which under current rules, would have won him an additional seven Grammys in the categories of Record of the Year, Album of the Year and Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical: three for [[Album of the Year (Grammy)|Album of the Year]] winners ''Innervisions'', ''Double Fantasy'' and ''The Bodyguard'', two [[Record of the Year]] Grammys for "I Will Always Love You" and "Clocks", and two more for [[Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical|Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical]] for his mastering of ''Innervisions'' and ''[[Chicago 17]]''.


== Death ==
==Death==
Marino died on June 4, 2012, after a year battling with lung cancer. He was 65.<ref>{{Cite web|title=George Marino|url=https://www.discogs.com/es/artist/335003-George-Marino|access-date=2021-08-13|website=Discogs|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-06-05|title=Legendary Mastering Engineer George Marino Dies|url=https://www.analogplanet.com/content/legendary-mastering-engineer-george-marino-dies|access-date=2021-08-13|website=Analog Planet|language=en}}</ref>
Marino died on June 4, 2012, after a year battling with lung cancer. He was 65.<ref>{{Cite web|title=George Marino|url=https://www.discogs.com/es/artist/335003-George-Marino|access-date=2021-08-13|website=Discogs|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-06-05|title=Legendary Mastering Engineer George Marino Dies|url=https://www.analogplanet.com/content/legendary-mastering-engineer-george-marino-dies|access-date=2021-08-13|website=Analog Planet|language=en}}</ref>

⚫
{{cquote|"Very sad to hear this. Prayers to his wife and my dear friend Rose. Rip to a legend and lovely man. U will now make the angels sound better than they ever have."{{snd}}Diane Warren<ref>{{cite web|title=Weezer and Diane Warren Remember George Marino|url=http://www.contactmusic.com/weezer/news/weezer-and-diane-warren-remember-sound-master-george-marino_1338777|website=[[Contact Music]]|access-date=26 June 2015}}</ref>
⚫
}}


==Awards and recognition==
==Awards and recognition==
;Grammy Awards
===Grammy Awards===
*In 2002, Marino earned his first Grammy nomination for Bob Dylan's ''[[Love and Theft (Bob Dylan album)|Love and Theft]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=George Marino Dies|url=http://www.grammy.com/blogs/george-marino-dies|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref>
*In 2002, Marino earned his first Grammy nomination for Bob Dylan's ''[[Love and Theft (Bob Dylan album)|Love and Theft]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=George Marino Dies|url=http://www.grammy.com/blogs/george-marino-dies|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences|access-date=June 26, 2015}}</ref>
*In 2011, Marino won a Grammy Award for Album of the Year for [[Arcade Fire]]'s ''[[The Suburbs (album)|The Suburbs]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominees|url=https://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=George+Marino&field_nominee_work_value=&year=All&genre=All|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref>
*In 2011, Marino won a Grammy Award for Album of the Year for [[Arcade Fire]]'s ''[[The Suburbs (album)|The Suburbs]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominees|url=https://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=George+Marino&field_nominee_work_value=&year=All&genre=All|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}</ref>

Revision as of 01:55, 10 August 2023

George Marino
Marino in 2007
Marino in 2007
Background information
Born(1947-04-15)April 15, 1947
New York City
DiedJune 4, 2012(2012-06-04) (aged 65)
Occupation(s)Mastering engineer
Years active1967–2012

George Marino (April 15, 1947 – June 4, 2012) was an American mastering engineer known for working on albums by rock bands starting in the late 1960s.

Biography

Marino was born on April 15, 1947, in the New York City borough The Bronx. He attended Christopher Columbus High School there and learned to play the saxophone and bass fiddle in the high school band and was classically trained on guitar.[1] Marino broke into the music business as a guitarist playing rock and roll in local New York City bands such as The Chancellors and The New Sounds Ltd. until most of the band members were drafted into the service for the war in Vietnam.[2]

In 1967, Marino landed his first job in the industry as a librarian and assistant at Capitol Studios. Soon after, he apprenticed in the mastering department alongside of Joe Lansky, cutting rock, pop, jazz and classical albums. There, in 1968, he met his future wife, Rose Gross, whom he married in 1973.[3] Gross became Clive Davis' assistant a few months before he started Arista Records in 1974, and she remained his assistant for 26 years.[4]

The Chancellors (left to right): Bijan Yakuboff, Don Grassini, Ronnie Salvani, Nick DiMinno, George Marino
Capitol Studios letter regarding the mastering of the 7-inch 45 RPM single of "Hey Jude"

Professional career

During his time at Capitol, Marino mastered such classics as The Beatles' 7-inch single of "Hey Jude"[5] and John Lennon & Plastic Ono Band's Live Peace in Toronto 1969. When Capitol Records closed its New York studio in 1971, Marino joined the fledgling Record Plant, eventually becoming a partner in the mastering business of the Record Plant[6] called the Master Cutting Room, which was on West 44th Street in Manhattan.[7] There he became established with projects such as Don McLean's American Pie,[8] Alice Cooper's Billion Dollar Babies, Gregg Allman's Laid Back, and Stevie Wonder's Talking Book and Innervisions.

Lee Hulko, one of the owners of Sterling Sound, saw Marino's success and asked him to come work at Sterling, however Marino did not say yes immediately. After Chris Stone, the owner of the Record Plant went to Los Angeles, Marino had more management duties and he felt it distracted him from his mastering work. Eventually, Marino took Hulko up on his offer and he headed to Sterling Sound in 1973 to work in a room that Hulko had built for him.[9][10]

George and Rose Marino

Sterling Sound

From 1973, until his death in 2012, Marino worked at Sterling Sound. In 1998, Ted Jensen, Greg Calbi and Tom Coyne, along with Murat Aktar (Absolute Audio co-founder) and UK based Metropolis, purchased Sterling from previous owner, Lee Hulko. Marino was the most senior mastering engineer. Sterling Sound[11] is located in New York City, occupying the top floor of the Chelsea Market in the Meatpacking District. Marino's studio is one of the three surround sound studios at Sterling and it was designed by Fran Manzella, FM Design.[12]

Marino's room became one of the few mastering suites in the industry, if not the only one, that was capable of doing both surround sound and vinyl mastering.[13] Marino, along with Chris Muth and Sterling techs Barry Wolifson and Phil Sztenderowicz, turned Marino's mastering console into an 8 channel A/B preview console. This design made possible presetting console parameters from song to song, which is needed for the continuous process of cutting a side of a vinyl album. This type of design was common in mastering houses during vinyl's heyday, but what made this one different was the ability to also process 6 discrete channels for surround sound.[14][15]

Over the course of Marino's nearly 40 years with Sterling, he mastered and/or remastered albums by AC/DC, Cat Stevens, Led Zeppelin, Guns N' Roses, Metallica, DIO, Cheap Trick, Arcade Fire, Whitney Houston, Coldplay; Cyndi Lauper; Journey; Kiss; Mötley Crüe; The Cars; Bon Jovi; Arctic Monkeys; Dan Fogelberg; Iron Maiden; Fountains of Wayne; Incubus; Joe Bonamassa; Jimi Hendrix; Joe Satriani; Michael Bublé; Weezer; Leonard Cohen, My Morning Jacket, The Tragically Hip, 3 Doors Down, Alice Cooper, Billy Squier, Cinderella, M-Squad, Sarah Brightman, The Psychedelic Furs, Tommy James and the Shondells, Bob Dylan, John Mellencamp, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Ringo Starr, Santana, Josh Groban, Southside Johnny, Willie Nile, Elvis Presley, Fall Out Boy, Ozzy Osbourne, Blondie, Hanson, Jimmy Page and hundreds of others.[16]

Early years at Sterling Sound

Marino mastered many of John Lennon's and Yoko Ono's albums, one of them being Double Fantasy with producer Jack Douglas. Double Fantasy had been out a few weeks when Douglas and Lennon decided to have a song they had just finished, Yoko Ono's "Walking on Thin Ice", mastered with Marino at Sterling Sound for a single release. On the evening of December 8, 1980, after finishing up a session at the Record Plant, Douglas said to Lennon "See you in the morning" as they planned to have breakfast together at 9am before heading to Sterling, but John Lennon was gunned down 20 minutes later on his way back to the Dakota.[17][18]

Marino received his first and only Grammy for Arcade Fire's The Suburbs, the year before he died. In 2002, mastering engineers became eligible to win Grammys.[19][20] From 1969 to 2012, Marino mastered albums which under current rules, would have won him an additional seven Grammys in the categories of Record of the Year, Album of the Year and Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical: three for Album of the Year winners Innervisions, Double Fantasy and The Bodyguard, two Record of the Year Grammys for "I Will Always Love You" and "Clocks", and two more for Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical for his mastering of Innervisions and Chicago 17.

Death

Marino died on June 4, 2012, after a year battling with lung cancer. He was 65.[21][22]

"Very sad to hear this. Prayers to his wife and my dear friend Rose. Rip to a legend and lovely man. U will now make the angels sound better than they ever have." – Diane Warren[23]

Awards and recognition

Grammy Awards

Nominations for a Mix Foundation TEC Award for Outstanding Creative Achievement[26]
  • 1985
  • 1991
  • 1992
  • 1993

Selected works

Main article: George Marino discography

Marino mastered and remastered thousands of albums in over 40 years as a mastering engineer.[27][28]

References

  1. ^ "Mastering Pros Plan NYC Studio". Billboard. September 26, 1998. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  2. ^ "George Marino". Sterling Sound. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  3. ^ Gross-Marino, Rose (November 2013). Assorted Hits Music Murder Mayhem and the Mob - About the Author. ISBN 978-1483685335. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  4. ^ Brown, Patricia Leigh (November 19, 1991). "Gatekeepers to the Famous and the Powerful". The New York Times. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  5. ^ "Surround Sound". Osdir. Archived from the original on July 4, 2015. Retrieved July 3, 2015.
  6. ^ "George Marino Legendary Mastering Engineer Dies". billboard.com. June 5, 2012. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
  7. ^ "Master Cutting Room". discogs. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  8. ^ "SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT S-4 STERLING SOUND CELEBRATING 33 1/3 Years". Billboard. December 14, 2002. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  9. ^ "George Marino Legendary Mastering Engineer". Hollywood Reporter. June 4, 2012. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
  10. ^ Paul Verna (December 14, 2012). "Billboard Special Supplement: Sterling's Reputation". Billboard. p. S-3. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
  11. ^ "The Worlds Top 13 Mastering Studios". Landr. July 18, 2014. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
  12. ^ "Mastering". FM Design. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
  13. ^ "SS Mastering Engineers Have To Be Both Specialists and Generalists". Billboard. December 14, 2002. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  14. ^ "Vinyl Comeback Prompts Sterling's New All-Analog Vinyl Mastering: Part I". Sonic Scoop. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  15. ^ "Vinyl Comeback Part II". Sonic Scoop. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  16. ^ "George Marino". Artist Direct. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  17. ^ "Producer Jack Douglas on John Lennon". City Pages. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
  18. ^ "The Last Session". Rolling Stone. January 22, 1981. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
  19. ^ "The Recording Academy Announces Board of Trustees Meeting Results". National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  20. ^ "Engineers" (PDF). National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  21. ^ "George Marino". Discogs (in Spanish). Retrieved August 13, 2021.
  22. ^ "Legendary Mastering Engineer George Marino Dies". Analog Planet. June 5, 2012. Retrieved August 13, 2021.
  23. ^ "Weezer and Diane Warren Remember George Marino". Contact Music. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  24. ^ "George Marino Dies". National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  25. ^ "Nominees". National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences.
  26. ^ "Past Winners". TEC Awards. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
  27. ^ "artist, George Marino". AllMusic. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
  28. ^ "George Marino Discography". discogs. Retrieved June 23, 2015.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to George Marino.
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