Idiopidae
| Idiopidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Male Idiops constructor | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Mygalomorphae |
| Clade: | Avicularioidea |
| Family: | Idiopidae Simon, 1889[1] |
| Genera | |
| Diversity[1] | |
| 22 genera | |
| |
Idiopidae are a mygalomorph spider family,[2] also known as the armored trapdoor spiders.[3] They have a large body that often looks rather like a tarantula.
Description
In some species the males have a spur on their legs, which they will show if provoked.[4]
Idiopidae build burrows, and some species close these with a door.
The about 2 cm long Prothemenops siamensis from Thailand builds its retreat in a streamside vertical earth bank in lower montane rain forest. Each burrow had two or three entrances that lead into a main tube. Its lateral posterior spinnerets are elongated.[5]
The oldest known idiopid died at the age of 43 years.[6]
Genera
As of November 2018[update], the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera:[1]
- Arbanitis L. Koch, 1874
- Blakistonia Hogg, 1902
- Bungulla Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, 2017
- Cantuaria Hogg, 1902
- Cataxia Rainbow, 1914
- Ctenolophus Purcell, 1904
- Eucanippe Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, 2017
- Eucyrtops Pocock, 1897
- Euoplos Rainbow, 1914
- Gaius Rainbow, 1914
- Galeosoma Purcell, 1903
- Genysa Simon, 1889
- Gorgyrella Purcell, 1902
- Heligmomerus Simon, 1892
- Hiboka Fage, 1922
- Idiops Perty, 1833
- Idiosoma Ausserer, 1871
- Neocteniza Pocock, 1895
- Prothemenops Schwendinger, 1991
- Scalidognathus Karsch, 1892
- Segregara Tucker, 1917
- Titanidiops Simon, 1903
See also
Footnotes
- ^ a b c "Family Idiopidae Simon, 1889 (genus list)", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2018-11-12
- ^ Raven, R.J. 1985. The spider Infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 182: 1-180.
- ^ American Arachnological Society Committee on Common Names of Arachnids (2003). Common Names of Arachnids (PDF) (Report) (Fifth ed.).
- ^ Find-a-spider Guide
- ^ Murphy & Murphy 2000: 69f
- ^
Leanda Denise Mason, Grant Wardell-Johnson, Barbara York Main (2018). "The longest-lived spider: mygalomorphs dig deep, and persevere". Pacific Conservation Biology. doi:10.1071/PC18015.
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Bibliography
- Murphy, Frances & Murphy, John (2000): An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.
External links
- Find-a-spider Guide: Images of several species
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