Łabędy

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Gliwice-Łabędy
Gleiwitz-Laband
POL Łabędy COA.svg
Gliwice-Łabędy Gleiwitz-Laband (Poland)
Gliwice-Łabędy Gleiwitz-Laband
Gliwice-Łabędy
Gleiwitz-Laband
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Silesia
Powiat : Gliwice
Geographic location : 50 ° 20 '  N , 18 ° 37'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 20 '27 "  N , 18 ° 37' 18"  E
Residents : 28,620 (2005)
Postal code : 44-100 to 44-164
Telephone code : (+48) 32
License plate : SG
Economy and Transport
Rail route : Gliwice – Kędzierzyn-Koźle
Gliwice – Pyskowice
Next international airport : Katowice Airport



Łabędy [ wabɛ̃dy ] ( German Laband ) is a district of Gliwice (Gleiwitz) in the Silesian Voivodeship in the southern part of Poland - around 270 kilometers southwest of the state capital Warsaw and around 90 km west of Krakow . The Klodnitz and the Gliwice Canal , on which the Labander harbor is located, flow through Łabędy .

Districts

  • Łabędy (Laband)
  • Starlings Łabędy (Alt Laband)
  • Kuźnica
  • Niepaszyce (Niepaschütz; 1936–45: Neuweide)
  • Os. Literatów
  • Os. Kosmonautów
  • Przyszówka (Waldenau, formerly Pschyschowka)

history

Church and castle, 18th century
coat of arms
The Assumption Church
At the Labander lock
The last gas lamp from Gliwice in Łabędy
The station
The company Bumar Łabędy

The place originated in the 13th century at the latest and was first mentioned in 1286 as Labant . A document dated September 24, 1286 speaks of a Nawogius de (von) Labant. The village north of Gleiwitz was mostly inhabited by potters . 1295–1305 the place was mentioned in a document as "Labant" in the Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis ( Tithe Register of the Diocese of Breslau ). The church was first mentioned in 1335. The beginnings of the Labander iron and steel industry go back to the 15th and 16th centuries, when iron ore deposits were discovered and mined in the village . Laband's Gothic church, which was redesigned in Baroque style from 1726 to 1819, also dates from this period . In 1327 the place came to Bohemia , became part of the Habsburg lands in 1526 and became part of Prussia in 1742 .

A significant economic rise of the place followed the establishment of the iron and steel industry from the beginning of the 19th century. Economic growth led to the expansion and renewal of smaller industrial plants as well as the emergence of new branches of industry (Oskar Caro and Georg von Caro , the heirs of the founders of the Herminenhütte in Laband).

The place was mentioned in 1783 in the book Beytrage describing Silesia as Laband , was in the Tost district and had 232 inhabitants, a manorial farm, 14 farmers, 21 gardeners, 16 cottagers and a Catholic church and a school. The place was owned by the Baron von Welczeck. In 1818 the place was mentioned as Laband . In 1865 Laband consisted of a church village, a manor, a hut and a train station. At that time, the parish village of Laband and Labandhammer had 14 farms, 23 gardeners, 18 cottagers, four caretakers' houses, a Catholic parish church, a Catholic school, two Kretschams, an inn, an Arrende and a hospital for the poor, donated by Freiherr von Welczeck.

In the years 1919–1921 there were three Silesian uprisings . In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, the population had to decide whether Upper Silesia would belong to the state. In Laband, 1,332 eligible voters (44.1% of the votes cast) voted for Upper Silesia to remain with Germany, 1683 for membership of Poland (55.6%), 8 votes (0.3%) were invalid. The turnout was 97.7%. Laband stayed with the German Empire after the division of Upper Silesia . New settlements emerged in the 1930s. Until 1945 the place was in the district of Tost-Gleiwitz .

On January 24, 1945 the place was occupied by the Red Army . In 1945 the formerly German town came under Polish administration and was then attached to the Silesian Voivodeship and renamed the Polish Łabędy . The Soviet NKVD established the Laband internment camp in July 1945 , an interim camp for German and Polish-speaking Silesians. Several thousand people were held here, who were then deported to the Soviet Union for forced labor . In 1950 the place came to the Katowice Voivodeship . After the war, the destroyed industrial plants were rebuilt and, thanks to its economic development, the town received city ​​rights in 1954 . In 1959, Czechowice was incorporated into Łabędy as Łabędy 3 . In 1964 Łabędy was incorporated into Gliwice . In 1999 the place became part of the new Silesian Voivodeship.

Etymology of the place name

The name of Łabędy and also the German name could be on the Slavic / old Polish word łabędź (Swan) based and probably indicates that on the local territory formerly many mute swans were staying. But Łabędy could also owe its name to the white rock extracted from the nearby quarries, as the Latin name for a white mountain is "coles labentes".

Buildings and sights

  • The Anna Church is a Roman Catholic parish church in modern style and dates from the end of the 20th century.
  • The Georgkirche is a Roman Catholic parish church in modern style and dates from the middle of the 20th century. There is a municipal cemetery next to the church.
  • The Assumption Church is a Roman Catholic parish church. The listed church in baroque style dates from the 15th and 18th centuries.
  • The Martin Luther Church is a Protestant branch church in neo-Gothic style and dates from the early 20th century.

Economy and Infrastructure

Heavy industry is still very important in Łabędy. The most important companies in the district include an ironworks and a metal rolling mill named after the district, as well as the armaments company " Bumar Łabędy SA ", which has been manufacturing tanks since 1951 and is now part of Polski Holding Obronny .

education

In Łabędy there are two kindergartens, three primary schools and two middle schools ( gimnazjum ). There is also a bilingual high school ( liceum ) in the district, where many subjects are also taught in German. A vocational school center used to be located in Łabędy, the educational offer is being expanded in nearby Gliwice and especially in Katowice through various universities and the University of Silesia .

Personalities

Born in the place

People who worked on site

  • Paul Freier (* 1979), former German-Polish soccer player and today's coach, played in the offspring of ŁTS Łabędy from 1984 to 1990

Web links

Commons : Łabędy  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Ernst Tramp: Additions to the Description of Silesia, Volume 2 , Brieg 1783
  2. ^ Geographical-statistical handbook on Silesia and the county of Glatz, Volume 2 , 1818
  3. ↑ Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Breslau 1865
  4. ^ Results of the referendum in Upper Silesia in 1921: Literature , table in digital form