Żelazna (Grodków)

Żelazna March Village
	Żelazna March Village
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Opole
Powiat :	Brzeg
Gmina :	Grodków
Geographic location :	50 ° 41 ′  N , 17 ° 27 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 41 ′ 2 ″  N , 17 ° 27 ′ 19 ″  E
Height :	150 m npm
Residents :	240 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code :	49-200
Telephone code :	(+48) 77
License plate :	IF
Economy and Transport
Next international airport :	Wroclaw

Żelazna ( German March village) is a village in the municipality of Grodków (Grottkau) in the Opole ( Oppeln ) Voivodeship in Poland .

geography

Geographical location

The street village Żelazna is located in the west of the historical region of Upper Silesia in the Grottkauer Land. Żelazna is six kilometers east of Grodków , about 25 kilometers southwest of the district town of Brzeg ( Brieg ) and about 40 kilometers west of Opole .

Żelazna lies in the Nizina Śląska ( Silesian Plain ) within the Równina Grodkowska ( Grottkau Plain ). To the west of the village lies Las Żelazna ( March Village Forest ).

Neighboring places

Neighboring towns are Osiek Grodkowski ( Osseg ) in the north, Głębocko ( Tiefensee ) in the north-east , Kopice ( Koppitz , 1936–1945 Schwarzengrund ) in the south, Nowa Wieś Mała ( Klein Neudorf ) in the south-west, Sulisław (Zülzhof) in the west and Lubcz ( in the north-west ) Leuppusch ) and Wojsław ( Woisselsdorf ).

history

St. Joseph's Church

March village was first mentioned in a document as "Selasna vel Martini villa" 1303-04 in the Registrum Wratislaviense ( Wroclaw Register ). In 1343 "Martinvilla" was acquired by the city of Grottkau, with whom it came in 1344 to the episcopal principality of Neisse , which had been a fiefdom of the Bohemian Crown since 1342 . In 1425 the place name "Mertinsdorf" is handed down, at that time one of the villages in the Brieger district that only paid the episcopal Vierdung . In 1495 it belonged to the governor of Grottkau, Paul Dresky, who refused to pay the interest to the Breslau cathedral vicarages. In 1579 the Vorwerk belonged to the heirs of Georg and Bernhard Dresske. 1651 claimed David Pipe the church patronage for themselves, the claim but the fact of the Episcopal visitators was not recognized.

After the First Silesian War in 1742, March village and most of the principality of Neisse fell to Prussia .

In 1810 the principality of Neisse was secularized . In 1815 a school was set up in the village. From 1816, Märzdorf belonged to the district of Grottkau in the administrative district of Opole . In 1845 there was a Catholic school, a Vorwerk, a forestry and 58 other houses in the village. In the same year, 507 people lived in Märzdorf, 83 of them Protestants. In 1855, 134 people lived in Voigtsdorf. In 1865 there were five farmers, 38 gardeners and 15 cottagers in the village . The one-class Catholic school was attended by 114 students in the same year. From 1874 it was incorporated into the district of Koppitz, which consisted of the rural communities of Märzdorf and Tiefensee and the manor districts of Koppitz, Nieder Märzdorf and Ober Märzdorf. In 1885, Märzdorf had 450 inhabitants.

In 1933 the village had 576 and then in 1939 569 inhabitants. Until the end of the war in 1945, the place belonged to the district of Grottkau .

As a result of the Second World War, in 1945, like most of Silesia , March village fell under Polish administration. It was subsequently renamed Żelazna and joined the Silesian Voivodeship. The German population was largely expelled . In 1950 it was incorporated into the Opole Voivodeship. Since 1999 Żelazna has belonged to the then newly founded Powiat Brzeski ( Brieg district ).

Attractions

• The Roman Catholic Church of St. Joseph (Polish Kościół św. Józefa ) was built in 1781. In 1966 the building was placed under a preservation order.

literature

• Bernhard W. Scholz: The spiritual principality Neisse . 2011 Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar Vienna, ISBN 978-3-412-20628-4 , pp. 150, 88, 197.17, 200, 242, 253.114 and 370.

Web links

Commons : Żelazna (Grodków)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on January 27, 2019
2. ↑ ^{a b} Cf. Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien. Breslau 1865, p. 1191 ( preview in Google book search).
3. ↑ Municipal directory of the Grottkau district
4. ^ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 389.
5. ↑ Kopitz / Schwarzengrund district
6. ↑ Grottkau district. In: agoff.de, AGoFF , accessed on February 10, 2020.
7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Grottkau district (Polish: Grodków). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
8. ^ Church of St. Joseph
9. ↑ List of Monuments of the Opole Voivodeship p. 11 (Polish)