Wierzbnik (Grodków)

Wierzbnik Herzogswalde
	Wierzbnik Herzogswalde
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Opole
Powiat :	Brzeg
Gmina :	Grodków
Geographic location :	50 ° 45 '  N , 17 ° 24'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 45 '28 "  N , 17 ° 23' 36"  E
Height :	160 m npm
Residents :	589 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code :	49-200
Telephone code :	(+48) 77
License plate :	IF
Economy and Transport
Next international airport :	Wroclaw

Wierzbnik ( German Herzogswalde , also Herzogswaldau ) is a village in the municipality of Grodków (Grottkau) in the Opole Voivodeship in Poland .

geography

Geographical location

The street village of Wierzbnik is located in the west of the historical region of Upper Silesia in the Grottkauer Land. Wierzbnik is located about seven kilometers north of the municipal seat of Grodków , about 17 kilometers southwest of the district town of Brzeg ( Brieg ) and about 40 kilometers west of the voivodship capital Opole.

Wierzbnik lies in the Nizina Śląska ( Silesian Plain ) within the Równina Grodkowska ( Grottkau Plain ). The Autostrada A4 motorway runs north of the village . The Konradswaldauer Bach ( Przyleski Potok ) flows through Wierzbnik .

Neighboring places

Neighboring places of Wierzbnik are in the north Przylesie ( Konradswaldau ), in the northeast Jankowice Wielkie ( Groß Jenkwitz ), in the southeast Przylesie Dolne ( Niederseiffersdorf ) and in the west Kolnica ( Lichtenberg ).

history

Michaelskirche

Atonement Cross

Herzogswalde was first mentioned in a document from Duke Heinrich III of Breslau . of April 30, 1262, which, however, has not survived. At that time he transferred the Herzogswalder Scholtisei to Barthold and his heirs or descendants. 1303-04 “Harthowiginwald vel Cecilie” is included in the “Registrum Wratislaviense”. In 1305 it was owned by the von Pogarell family . It initially belonged to the Duchy of Breslau and after its division in 1311 to the Duchy of Brieg . In 1343 "Herczügewalde" was acquired by the town of Grottkau, with whom it came a year later to the episcopal principality of Neisse ( diocese ), which had been a fiefdom of the Crown of Bohemia since 1342 . For the year 1368 two allodes of 4 1/2 and 2 1/2 hooves are documented. In 1375 the village was sold by Jesko von Pogarell to Peschko Rosenau. A first church building was mentioned in 1387. In 1425 "Herczügewalde" consisted of 12 houses, a Scholtisei was not mentioned at that time. In 1579 the rulership of the village belonged to an Adam Wachtel. Further owners of the manor were the Neugebauer family and the Sornek family in the following centuries.

After the First Silesian War in 1742, Herzogswalde and most of the Principality of Neisse fell to Prussia . After the reorganization of the province of Silesia , the rural community of Herzogswalde belonged to the district of Grottkau in the administrative district of Opole from 1816 .

In 1845 there was a Catholic church, a Catholic school, a castle, an outbuilding, a brewery, a distillery and 134 other houses in the village. In the same year 773 people lived in Herzogswalde, 42 of them Protestants. In 1852 a new school building was built in the village. In 1855 870 people lived in Herzogswalde. In 1865 there were 17 farmers, seven semi-farmers, 37 gardeners and 21 cottagers in the village . The two-class Catholic school was attended by 160 students in the same year. In 1874, Herzogswalde was incorporated into the newly established Lichtenberg district. In 1885 Herzogswalde had 612 inhabitants.

In 1933 the village had 681 and then in 1939 645 inhabitants. Until the end of the war in 1945, the place belonged to the district of Grottkau .

As a result of the Second World War, Herzogswalde fell under Polish administration in 1945, like most of Silesia . It was subsequently renamed Wierzbnik and joined the Silesian Voivodeship. The German population was largely expelled . 1950 Wierzbnik was incorporated into the Opole Voivodeship. In 1999 the newly founded Powiat Brzeski ( Brieg district ) came about .

Attractions

• The baroque St. Michael's Church (Polish Kościół św. Michała Archanioła ) was built in 1766. The oldest surviving tombstone in the church dates from 1595. In 1966 the church was listed as a historical monument.
• The Herzogswalde Castle was located in the north of the village until 1945. It was known nationwide for its picture gallery, which was sponsored by the painter Alois Erdtelta . In 1945 the structure was destroyed. However, remains of the castle have been preserved. A monument on the roadside commemorates the construction.
• The former palace park with rare trees was laid out in the 19th century. This has been a listed building since 1984.
• Atonement cross on the cemetery wall
• Crossroads in the north of the village

societies

• Football club LZS Victoria Wierzbnik

Sons and daughters of the village

• Alois Erdtelt (1851–1911), German portrait painter and art teacher
• Josef Feix (1906 – unknown), German high school teacher, classical philologist and translator
• Oswald von Hoenika (1835–1891), manor owner of Herzogswalde and politician

literature

• Bernhard W. Scholz: The spiritual principality Neisse . 2011 Böhlau Verlag Cologne Weimar Vienna, ISBN 978-3-412-20628-4 , p. 359.
• G. Wilczek: Greetings from the Grottkauer Lande . ed. from Bundesverband der Grottkau eV - home group district and city of Grottkau / Oberschlesien, 1996, p. 100.

Web links

Commons : Wierzbnik  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• History (Polish, accessed December 19, 2017)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on January 27, 2019
2. ^ Johann Georg Knie: Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 229.
3. ↑ Cf. Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien. Breslau 1865, p. 1189 ( preview in Google book search).
4. ^ Osseg / Auenrode district
5. ↑ Grottkau district. In: agoff.de, AGoFF , accessed on February 8, 2020.
6. ^ Administrative history - Grottkau district ( Memento from September 3, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
7. ^ Community structure Grodków
8. ↑ ^{a b} List of Monuments of the Opole Voivodeship p. 11 (Polish)