Żelazo (Smołdzino)

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Żelazo
Żelazo does not have a coat of arms
Żelazo (Poland)
Żelazo
Żelazo
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Slupsk
Gmina : Smołdzino
Geographic location : 54 ° 39 '  N , 17 ° 15'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 38 '58 "  N , 17 ° 15' 15"  E
Residents : 312
Telephone code : (+48) 59
License plate : GSL
Economy and Transport
Street : Smołdzino - Choćmirowo / ext. 213
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Żelazo (German Selesen , Kashubian Żélazo ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the rural municipality Smołdzino ( Schmolsin ) in the Słupsk ( Stolp ) district.

Geographical location

Żelazo is located south-east of Lake Garda in Western Pomerania, embedded in a ridge, the highest point of which is the 115-meter-high Revekol . A side road from Smołdzino ( Schmolsin ) runs through the village , which leads via Wierzchocino ( Virchenzin ) and Witkowo ( Vietkow ) to Choćmirowo ( Alt Gutzmerow ) and there joins the voivodship road 213 ( Słupsk ( Stolp ) - Celbowo ( Celbau )). It is 29 kilometers to the district town of Słupsk.

The nearest train station is Damnica ( Hebrondamnitz ) and is 22 kilometers away on the state railway line 202 Danzig-Stargard . Before 1945, Selesen was a stop on the Stolp - Schmolsin small railway operated by the Stolper Bahnen .

Landscape near Żelazo ( Selesen )

Place name

Older forms of the name are Zeleza (1281), Seliso (1294), Zellesen (1493), Sellesen (1517) and Selesen (before 1945). The Polish place name Żelazo (word meaning: iron ), introduced in 1945, occurs several times in Poland.

history

Selesen is, according to its historical village form, a narrow street . A burial site that was uncovered in 1873 at the south-eastern exit of the village originated from the time of the Wende . The place was first mentioned in 1281, when Duke Mestwin II furnished the newly founded Premonstratensian nunnery in Stolp (now in Polish: Słupsk ) with the tithe of Zeleza . In 1315 Margrave Waldemar von Brandenburg confirmed the possession of the village as a fief to Casimir Swenzo .

Selesen was with Wendisch Silkow (Żelkowo, 1938–45 Schwerinshöhe ) and part of the Gambin (Gąbino) estate a Bandemer fief. Selesen was owned by this family from the 15th century until 1945. 1717 was Didrich of Bandemer equerry, also wirtschafteten in the village eight pawns and four Kossäten . In 1784 there were also two outworks , a forge, a schoolmaster, a water mill, a Büdner and two fishermen's cottages with a total of 27 fireplaces. In 1879 Selesen got a brick factory. Selesen was known for his good horse breeding (warmblood), and in 1885 Rudolph von Bandemer was awarded the first state prize for this. mini | The former manor house of the von Bandemer family in Żelazo ( Selesen ) In 1938 the manor was a total of 1323 hectares and had 435.5 hectares of arable land, 132.5 hectares of meadows, 46 hectares of pastures, 285 hectares of wood, 420 hectares of land, courtyard and Paths and 4 hectares of water. The last owner on Selesen was Alfred von Bandemer , who died on September 13, 1945 on his estate. Since 1933 he was supported in the management of the estate by his son Rudolph von Bandemer .

The manor house dates back to the 17th century, and around 1850 it was extended by adding an eastern wing. At the north-western exit of the village, on a small hill, there was also the "Haus Cordula", a villa that the widow of Rudolph von Bandemer, who died in 1906 , had built as a widow's residence. After her death, the house was rented to Selesen families. During the National Socialist era , a rural year camp with young girls was housed here.

Until 1945 Selesen was incorporated into the district of Stolp in the administrative district of Köslin of the Prussian province of Pomerania with the localities of Bismarckstein (Kolischen = Stregonke), Neu Strelow (now Polish: Srzelewo) and Niederhof (Kuliszki) . It belonged to the administrative and civil registry district Schmolsin and the district court area Stolp. The total municipality area was 2266 hectares with 391 inhabitants in 1939.

After the region had already been occupied by the Red Army in March 1945 , it was placed under Polish administration after the end of the Second World War, together with all of Western Pomerania . The Germans were then made Selesen sold .

Since 1945, the place then called Żelazo has been part of the Gmina Smołdzino in the Powiat Słupski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1975 to 1998 Stolp Voivodeship ). Today 312 inhabitants live here.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the place

Personalities who have worked on site

church

Before 1945 all residents of Selesen were without exception of the Protestant denomination. If the place was once a parish after Groß Garde (today Polish: Gardna Wielka), it belonged to the parish Schmolsin (Smołdzino) in the parish of Stolp-Altstadt in the eastern district of the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The last German clergyman was Pastor Ernst Fürstenberg.

Since 1945 the population of Żelazo has been almost exclusively Catholic . The place belongs to the parish Smołdzino ( Schmolsin ) in the deanery Główczyce ( Glowitz ) in the diocese of Pelplin of the Catholic Church in Poland . Protestant church members living here belong to the parish of the Kreuzkirche in Stolp with the branch church in Główczyce in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Polish Evangelical-Augsburg Church .

literature

  • Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania. Testimonies to his German past , Lübeck 1989, pp. 909–914 ( Download location description Selesen )
  • Moritz von Prittwitz: Chronicle of Selesen .
  • A foray through Selesen . In: Ostpommersche Heimat 1933, No. 24.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 1004-1005

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